卷烟香味相关物质的分析与废次烟叶中绿原酸的制备
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摘要
近年来,由于吸烟与健康问题日益引起人们的关注,及全球禁烟运动的日益高涨,“减害降焦”已成为我国烟草行业现阶段科技创新的重点。烟草工业通过各种先进科学技术手段竭力降低卷烟烟气中的有害成分,来提高卷烟吸食的安全性。与此同时,“减害”必将导致烟气中香味成分传输量减少,香气味不足的问题凸显出来。因此,在卷烟中加香加料显得尤为重要。而加香加料的一个重要前提是要充分了解烟气中香味成分的组成与性质。所以,分析和研究烟叶、烟气中的香味成分具有十分重要的意义。
从目前我国的经济和社会发展水平来看,烟草工业在一定时期内仍将在我国经济中占有重要地位。随着“卷烟上水平”确定为全行业的基本方针和战略任务,提高烟草配方的科学性,研制“高香低害”的中式卷烟,对增强我国烟草行业的整体竞争力具有重要的意义。而烟草工业的发展,也将带来资源的浪费及环境的污染,烟草废弃物的综合利用受到越来越多的关注。
为此,本文在广泛的文献调研基础上,开展了以下三个方面的研究工作：1.建立了一种快速、简单、有效的胶束液相色谱法用于测定烟草中的绿原酸、芸香苷和莨菪亭,显示出较好的分析精密度与重复性,且具有较常规方法更节约成本及时间的优势。
2.以模拟人体口腔唾液为仿生吸收液,用自制卷烟主流烟气仿生吸收装置进行卷烟抽吸实验,结合GC/MS技术对香味物质进行分析,鉴定出大部分对卷烟吸食品质有重要贡献的香味成分。
3.利用超声辅助提取、大孔吸附树脂初步分离废次烟叶中的绿原酸,并优化了工艺条件,得到绿原酸纯度为31.9%的粗品。采用聚酰胺树脂层析与乙酸乙酯萃取技术,进一步纯化粗品中的绿原酸。在最优的试验条件下,废次烟叶样品通过层析与萃取后,得到纯度为82.1%的绿原酸固形物。
In recent years, the relationship of smoking and health is more concerned and anti-smoking campaign is springing up around the world. So the "reducing tar and toxicants in cigarette smoke", especially "reducing toxicants", has become the emphasis of scientific creativity in tobacco industry. To improve the safety of cigarette smoking, the tobacco industry scientists strive to reduce the harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke through a variety of advanced science and technology. Certainly, "reducing toxicants" will result in transmission flavor components decreased in cigarette smoke, and reveal the problem of fragrance inadequate. In order to develop products of consumer satisfaction, the increase in flavor in cigarette feeding is particularly important. As an important prerequisite for cigarette feeding in flavor, the composition and nature of the flavor components should be fully understood. Therefore, the analysis and study of flavor components in tobacco and cigarette smoke is of great significance.
Tobacco industry is of great importence in economy of my country at a certain time, by seeing the development of economy and community at present. Improving the scientific characters of formulation of cigarette and enhancing the competitive capability of Chinese tobacco trade, researching the cigarette of Chinese style with character of "high flavor and low harmfulness", are taking on great significance with the "level of cigarettes" as the basic principle of the whole industry and strategic task. With the development of the tobacco industry, the waste of resources and environmental pollution will also occur. Nowdays, utilization of tobacco wastes get more and more attention.
In this thesis, the related studies on the basis of extensive literature investigation are summarized in three respects as follows:
1. A rapid and reliable micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) method was developed and applied to separate, identify and quantify the main polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin) in tobacco samples.The proposed method showed good analysis precision and repeatability. Compared with the traditional HPLC method, the MLC highlighted the advantage of time-saving determination and mobile phase cost reduction.
2. A study on the aroma compositions of cigarette smoke biomimetic absorption solution by GC/MS was carried out. The proposed investigation used simulated saliva to absorb cigarette smoke by self-regulating bionic absorbing device, and identified most of aroma compositions that had an important contribution to the quality of cigarette smoking.
3. The technic of ultrasound-assisted extraction and macroporous resin separation of chlorogenic acid in waste tobacco was optimized, and under the optimum conditions, solid material containing 31.9% chlorogenic acid was obtained. Tobacco sample was further separated by polyamide resin chromatography and ethyl acetate extraction.Under the optimum conditions, the purity of chlorogenic acid product reached 82.1%.
从目前我国的经济和社会发展水平来看,烟草工业在一定时期内仍将在我国经济中占有重要地位。随着“卷烟上水平”确定为全行业的基本方针和战略任务,提高烟草配方的科学性,研制“高香低害”的中式卷烟,对增强我国烟草行业的整体竞争力具有重要的意义。而烟草工业的发展,也将带来资源的浪费及环境的污染,烟草废弃物的综合利用受到越来越多的关注。
为此,本文在广泛的文献调研基础上,开展了以下三个方面的研究工作：1.建立了一种快速、简单、有效的胶束液相色谱法用于测定烟草中的绿原酸、芸香苷和莨菪亭,显示出较好的分析精密度与重复性,且具有较常规方法更节约成本及时间的优势。
2.以模拟人体口腔唾液为仿生吸收液,用自制卷烟主流烟气仿生吸收装置进行卷烟抽吸实验,结合GC/MS技术对香味物质进行分析,鉴定出大部分对卷烟吸食品质有重要贡献的香味成分。
3.利用超声辅助提取、大孔吸附树脂初步分离废次烟叶中的绿原酸,并优化了工艺条件,得到绿原酸纯度为31.9%的粗品。采用聚酰胺树脂层析与乙酸乙酯萃取技术,进一步纯化粗品中的绿原酸。在最优的试验条件下,废次烟叶样品通过层析与萃取后,得到纯度为82.1%的绿原酸固形物。
In recent years, the relationship of smoking and health is more concerned and anti-smoking campaign is springing up around the world. So the "reducing tar and toxicants in cigarette smoke", especially "reducing toxicants", has become the emphasis of scientific creativity in tobacco industry. To improve the safety of cigarette smoking, the tobacco industry scientists strive to reduce the harmful ingredients in cigarette smoke through a variety of advanced science and technology. Certainly, "reducing toxicants" will result in transmission flavor components decreased in cigarette smoke, and reveal the problem of fragrance inadequate. In order to develop products of consumer satisfaction, the increase in flavor in cigarette feeding is particularly important. As an important prerequisite for cigarette feeding in flavor, the composition and nature of the flavor components should be fully understood. Therefore, the analysis and study of flavor components in tobacco and cigarette smoke is of great significance.
Tobacco industry is of great importence in economy of my country at a certain time, by seeing the development of economy and community at present. Improving the scientific characters of formulation of cigarette and enhancing the competitive capability of Chinese tobacco trade, researching the cigarette of Chinese style with character of "high flavor and low harmfulness", are taking on great significance with the "level of cigarettes" as the basic principle of the whole industry and strategic task. With the development of the tobacco industry, the waste of resources and environmental pollution will also occur. Nowdays, utilization of tobacco wastes get more and more attention.
In this thesis, the related studies on the basis of extensive literature investigation are summarized in three respects as follows:
1. A rapid and reliable micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) method was developed and applied to separate, identify and quantify the main polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin) in tobacco samples.The proposed method showed good analysis precision and repeatability. Compared with the traditional HPLC method, the MLC highlighted the advantage of time-saving determination and mobile phase cost reduction.
2. A study on the aroma compositions of cigarette smoke biomimetic absorption solution by GC/MS was carried out. The proposed investigation used simulated saliva to absorb cigarette smoke by self-regulating bionic absorbing device, and identified most of aroma compositions that had an important contribution to the quality of cigarette smoking.
3. The technic of ultrasound-assisted extraction and macroporous resin separation of chlorogenic acid in waste tobacco was optimized, and under the optimum conditions, solid material containing 31.9% chlorogenic acid was obtained. Tobacco sample was further separated by polyamide resin chromatography and ethyl acetate extraction.Under the optimum conditions, the purity of chlorogenic acid product reached 82.1%.
引文
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