直接空冷机组提高运行真空的研究
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摘要
本文以直接空冷机组的真空系统为研究对象,结合现场运行经验,从以下两方面对机组的运行真空进行了分析和研究。一是如何使机组保持运行真空。由于直接空冷机组真空系统庞大,泄漏原因复杂,因此分别从“检漏”和“止漏”两个层次对整个真空系统进行了详细地分析论证,进而提出了机组的运行优化意见。二是如何使机组提高运行真空。提出了喷雾增湿和强化传热两种不同的技术路线对直接空冷机组的空冷散热器进行改进,并利用数值模拟软件FLUENT验证了喷雾增湿的效果。
Taking the vacuum system of direct air-cooled unit as the object of study and combining operating experience, the running vacuum of unit has been researched and analyzed in the following two sides. The first is how to keep the running vacuum of unit. Because of the physical size of the vacuum system of direct air-cooled unit, and the complex leaking reason, the vacuum system was analyzed and demonstrated in detail from two aspects: one is leak hunting and the other is prevent leakage and then the opinion about operation optimization has been brought. The second is how to increasing the running vacuum of unit. Two kind of different technical routes on enhancement of heat transfer and spray humidification have been brought to improve the air-cooled radiator of direct air-cooled unit and make use of FLUENT to inspect and verify the effect of spray humidification.
Taking the vacuum system of direct air-cooled unit as the object of study and combining operating experience, the running vacuum of unit has been researched and analyzed in the following two sides. The first is how to keep the running vacuum of unit. Because of the physical size of the vacuum system of direct air-cooled unit, and the complex leaking reason, the vacuum system was analyzed and demonstrated in detail from two aspects: one is leak hunting and the other is prevent leakage and then the opinion about operation optimization has been brought. The second is how to increasing the running vacuum of unit. Two kind of different technical routes on enhancement of heat transfer and spray humidification have been brought to improve the air-cooled radiator of direct air-cooled unit and make use of FLUENT to inspect and verify the effect of spray humidification.
引文
[1]陈广利.大容量汽轮机组直接空冷系统的性能分析及研究[硕士学位论文].保定:华北电力大学,2005.
[2]赵文升,王松岭,高月芬等.直接空冷系统中热风回流现象的数值模拟和分析.动力工程,2007,27(4):487～49l
[3]李建颇.直接空冷机组冬季调试中空冷凝汽器管束冻结问题分析及防范要点.西北电建,2007,(2):73～75,86
[4]王佩璋.直接空冷机组中的空冷散热器.发电设备,2006,(2):116～119
[5]白建云.环境风对直接空冷机组的影响及控制策略.电力学报,2008,23:34～37
[6]王佩璋.火电直接空冷机组与气候关系.热机技术,2006,(2):60～63
[7]李妩,张春雨.带扰流孔的矩形翅片表面换热机理的实验研究.西安交通大学学报,1994.,28(6):80～85
[8]王厚华,杨延萍,江村.单片矩形翅片表面的换热系数分布.重庆建筑大学学报, 1998,20(5):57～60
[9]过增元,黄素逸.场协同原理与强化传热新技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004, 11～42
[10]M.S.Sohal,J.E.O'Brien.Improving air-cooled condensei performance using winglets and oval tubes in a geothermal power plant.Geothermal Resources Council Transactions,2001,25(1):1～7
[11]孙家峰.流阻测试装置研制及涂层减阻性能研究[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉材料保护研究所,2006
[12]那小桃,郝卫,王宏格.电站直接空冷系统设计探讨.电力学报,1999, 14(1):8～11
[13]刘邦泉.直接空冷机组的真空严密性试验方法及标准.华北电力技术,2004, (5):10～11,14
[14]续宏.直接空冷机组真空严密性试验方法及漏空原因分析探讨.热力透平, 2008,37(2):128～131,107
[15]郝小海.提高空冷机组真空严密性的分析.山西电力,2008,(1):34～35,55
[16]徐军辉.提高直接空冷机组真空的探讨.华北电力技术,2006,增刊(2):41～42
[17] Meyer CJ, Kroger DG. Air-cooled heat exchanger inlet flow losses. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2001, 21(7):771—786
[18] Bredell J R, KrogerDG, ThiartGD. Numerical investigation of fan performance in a forced draft air-cooled steam condenser. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006, 26(8-9):846-852
[19] GuZ, LiH, ZhangW, etal. Wind tunnel simulation on re-circulation of air-cooled condensers of a power plant . Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2005, 93(6):509~520
[20]高清林.直接空冷机组存在的问题及其对策仞探.汽轮机技术,2008, 50(1):58～6l
[21]丁尔谋.发电厂空冷技术.北京:水利电力出版社,1992,39～157
[22]王松岭.流体力学.北京:中国电力出版社,2004,91～113
[23]安连锁。泵与风机.北京:中国电力出版社,200l,23～30
[24]赵之东,杨丰利.直接空冷凝汽器的发展和现状.华北电力技术,2004,(5): 44～50
[25] Zhifu Gu, Xuerei Chen WilliamLubitz,etc. Wind tunnel simulation of exhaust recirculation in an air-cooling system at a large power plant. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 46(2007): 308-317.
[26] Volker Weitbrecht,David Lebmann and Andreas Richter.Flow Distribution in Solar Collectors with Laminar Flow Conditions.Solar Energy,2002,73(6):433~441
[27] Masahiro osakabe, Tomoyuki Hamada, Sachiyo Horiki. Water Flow Distribution in Horizontal Header Contaminated with Bubbles. International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1999,25(8):827~840
[28] AIhazmy,M.M., Najjar, Y.S.H. Augmentation of gas turbine performance using air coolers. Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(2):415~429
[29]马义伟.空冷器设计与应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998,25～56
[30]米利阿斯.空冷式发电厂.北京:机械工业出版社,1986,32～42
[31]王瑞金,张凯,王刚.Fluent技术基础与应用实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2007, 10～95
[32]王福军.计算流体动力学分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2004,25～35
[33]付玉玲,胡三高,蔡巍,等.空冷机组主要技术经济指标的讨论.中国电力,2005, 38(9):79～82
[34] Jose G, Joaquin F, Eduardo B ,et al. Numerical simulation of the dynamic effects due to impeller volute interaction in a centrifugal pump. Journal of Fluids Engineering , 2002,124(2) :348~354
[35]王松岭,赵文升,刘阳,等.直接空冷机组雾化增湿系统的数值研究.中国电机工程学报,2008,28(29):28～33
[36]￡松岭,赵文升,宋立琴,等.直接空冷机组喷雾增湿系统的研究.动力工程,2008, 28(5):722～726
[37]张凯峰,杨立军,杜小泽,等.空冷凝汽器波形翅片扁平管管束外空气流动传热特性.中国电机工程学报,2008,28(26):24～28
[38] P.J. Hotchkiss, C.J. Meyer, T.W.von Backstrom. Numerical investigation into the effect of cross-flow on the performance of axial flow fans in forced draught air-cooled heat exchangers. Applied Thermal Engineering . 2006,(26):200-208.
[39] Volker Weitbrecht ,David Lebmann and Andreas Richter .Flow distribution in solar collectors with laminar flow conditions.Solar Energy,2002,73(6):433~441.
[40] Masahiro osakabe, Tomoyuki Hamada, Sachiyo Horiki. Water flow distribution in horizontal header contaminated with bubbles.International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1999,25:827-840
[2]赵文升,王松岭,高月芬等.直接空冷系统中热风回流现象的数值模拟和分析.动力工程,2007,27(4):487～49l
[3]李建颇.直接空冷机组冬季调试中空冷凝汽器管束冻结问题分析及防范要点.西北电建,2007,(2):73～75,86
[4]王佩璋.直接空冷机组中的空冷散热器.发电设备,2006,(2):116～119
[5]白建云.环境风对直接空冷机组的影响及控制策略.电力学报,2008,23:34～37
[6]王佩璋.火电直接空冷机组与气候关系.热机技术,2006,(2):60～63
[7]李妩,张春雨.带扰流孔的矩形翅片表面换热机理的实验研究.西安交通大学学报,1994.,28(6):80～85
[8]王厚华,杨延萍,江村.单片矩形翅片表面的换热系数分布.重庆建筑大学学报, 1998,20(5):57～60
[9]过增元,黄素逸.场协同原理与强化传热新技术.北京:中国电力出版社,2004, 11～42
[10]M.S.Sohal,J.E.O'Brien.Improving air-cooled condensei performance using winglets and oval tubes in a geothermal power plant.Geothermal Resources Council Transactions,2001,25(1):1～7
[11]孙家峰.流阻测试装置研制及涂层减阻性能研究[硕士学位论文].武汉:武汉材料保护研究所,2006
[12]那小桃,郝卫,王宏格.电站直接空冷系统设计探讨.电力学报,1999, 14(1):8～11
[13]刘邦泉.直接空冷机组的真空严密性试验方法及标准.华北电力技术,2004, (5):10～11,14
[14]续宏.直接空冷机组真空严密性试验方法及漏空原因分析探讨.热力透平, 2008,37(2):128～131,107
[15]郝小海.提高空冷机组真空严密性的分析.山西电力,2008,(1):34～35,55
[16]徐军辉.提高直接空冷机组真空的探讨.华北电力技术,2006,增刊(2):41～42
[17] Meyer CJ, Kroger DG. Air-cooled heat exchanger inlet flow losses. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2001, 21(7):771—786
[18] Bredell J R, KrogerDG, ThiartGD. Numerical investigation of fan performance in a forced draft air-cooled steam condenser. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2006, 26(8-9):846-852
[19] GuZ, LiH, ZhangW, etal. Wind tunnel simulation on re-circulation of air-cooled condensers of a power plant . Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2005, 93(6):509~520
[20]高清林.直接空冷机组存在的问题及其对策仞探.汽轮机技术,2008, 50(1):58～6l
[21]丁尔谋.发电厂空冷技术.北京:水利电力出版社,1992,39～157
[22]王松岭.流体力学.北京:中国电力出版社,2004,91～113
[23]安连锁。泵与风机.北京:中国电力出版社,200l,23～30
[24]赵之东,杨丰利.直接空冷凝汽器的发展和现状.华北电力技术,2004,(5): 44～50
[25] Zhifu Gu, Xuerei Chen WilliamLubitz,etc. Wind tunnel simulation of exhaust recirculation in an air-cooling system at a large power plant. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 46(2007): 308-317.
[26] Volker Weitbrecht,David Lebmann and Andreas Richter.Flow Distribution in Solar Collectors with Laminar Flow Conditions.Solar Energy,2002,73(6):433~441
[27] Masahiro osakabe, Tomoyuki Hamada, Sachiyo Horiki. Water Flow Distribution in Horizontal Header Contaminated with Bubbles. International Journal of Multiphase Flow,1999,25(8):827~840
[28] AIhazmy,M.M., Najjar, Y.S.H. Augmentation of gas turbine performance using air coolers. Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(2):415~429
[29]马义伟.空冷器设计与应用.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998,25～56
[30]米利阿斯.空冷式发电厂.北京:机械工业出版社,1986,32～42
[31]王瑞金,张凯,王刚.Fluent技术基础与应用实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2007, 10～95
[32]王福军.计算流体动力学分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2004,25～35
[33]付玉玲,胡三高,蔡巍,等.空冷机组主要技术经济指标的讨论.中国电力,2005, 38(9):79～82
[34] Jose G, Joaquin F, Eduardo B ,et al. Numerical simulation of the dynamic effects due to impeller volute interaction in a centrifugal pump. Journal of Fluids Engineering , 2002,124(2) :348~354
[35]王松岭,赵文升,刘阳,等.直接空冷机组雾化增湿系统的数值研究.中国电机工程学报,2008,28(29):28～33
[36]￡松岭,赵文升,宋立琴,等.直接空冷机组喷雾增湿系统的研究.动力工程,2008, 28(5):722～726
[37]张凯峰,杨立军,杜小泽,等.空冷凝汽器波形翅片扁平管管束外空气流动传热特性.中国电机工程学报,2008,28(26):24～28
[38] P.J. Hotchkiss, C.J. Meyer, T.W.von Backstrom. Numerical investigation into the effect of cross-flow on the performance of axial flow fans in forced draught air-cooled heat exchangers. Applied Thermal Engineering . 2006,(26):200-208.
[39] Volker Weitbrecht ,David Lebmann and Andreas Richter .Flow distribution in solar collectors with laminar flow conditions.Solar Energy,2002,73(6):433~441.
[40] Masahiro osakabe, Tomoyuki Hamada, Sachiyo Horiki. Water flow distribution in horizontal header contaminated with bubbles.International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1999,25:827-840