拱坝结构三维建模软件的关键技术研究
摘要
作为一种大型挡水建筑物结构形式,拱坝(Arch dam)以其合理的力学结构和支撑体系所表现出的经济性和安全性成为当今大坝设计中的三大优选坝型之一;但是由于坝型曲线种类多、工程规模大、造价高、建造周期长,设计、计算、绘图、施工均很复杂。鉴于拱坝设计计算和施工技术的复杂性,计算机辅助设计在拱坝设计中的应用越来越广泛,要求也越来越高。具有友好的交互式用户界面、高效的数据管理能力、高度的软件集成是目前拱坝设计分析软件开发中的重要研究课题。
本文基于可视化和参数化的思想,按照拱坝设计规范的要求,研究面向拱坝对象的编程技术、可视界面设计技术和图形处理技术,结合实际需要设计和开发了拱坝三维可视化设计与制图软件系统。该软件系统以Auto CAD Civil 3D为开发平台,充分运用VB.NET, VLisp,ObjectARX等开发语言,采用面向对象的编程技术以及ADO数据库开发技术,解决了不同软件之间的数据对接问题。该系统使用方便、界面友好、运行可靠,在设计生产中起到了重要的作用。
As large-scaled hydro curved structures, double-curved arch dams maintain the characteristics of various dam curves, large scale, high cost and long construction cycle. Designing, calculating, drafting and constructing related to them are rather complicated. As a result, no one can construct such a structure successfully just through simple sample amplifying or designing and calculating. As one of the most important steps in designing and constructing an arch dam, arch dam construction layout and graphics processing are crucial to the project quality and construction process. Any mistake or error in any of the procedures will be likely to cause great loss. In light of the complexity of designing and constructing technology, computer-aided design is more and more widely used in designing arch dam, and the requirements are also improved constantly. So such software as those which have friendly interactive user interface, efficient data management and highly software integration are the most important research projects in current arch dam designing and analyzing software development.
Based on the idea of visualization and parameterization, the requirements of arch dam design regulations and practical needs, the project aims to develop 3D visual arch dam designing and drawing software system through integrating Object-oriented Programming Techniques (OOPT), Visual Interface Design Techniques(VIDT) and Graphics Processing Techniques(GPT). Adopting VB.NET, the developing techniques and tools of Auto CAD, OOPT and DAO Database Developing Technique, we have developed the basic Auto CAD drawing modules. The designing and drawing platform of this software system is Auto CAD Civil 3D, and its development environment is Visua1 Studio.NET 2005 integrated with VBA. Its convenience, friendly interface and reliable operation have helped this software to play a key role in design and production
本文基于可视化和参数化的思想,按照拱坝设计规范的要求,研究面向拱坝对象的编程技术、可视界面设计技术和图形处理技术,结合实际需要设计和开发了拱坝三维可视化设计与制图软件系统。该软件系统以Auto CAD Civil 3D为开发平台,充分运用VB.NET, VLisp,ObjectARX等开发语言,采用面向对象的编程技术以及ADO数据库开发技术,解决了不同软件之间的数据对接问题。该系统使用方便、界面友好、运行可靠,在设计生产中起到了重要的作用。
As large-scaled hydro curved structures, double-curved arch dams maintain the characteristics of various dam curves, large scale, high cost and long construction cycle. Designing, calculating, drafting and constructing related to them are rather complicated. As a result, no one can construct such a structure successfully just through simple sample amplifying or designing and calculating. As one of the most important steps in designing and constructing an arch dam, arch dam construction layout and graphics processing are crucial to the project quality and construction process. Any mistake or error in any of the procedures will be likely to cause great loss. In light of the complexity of designing and constructing technology, computer-aided design is more and more widely used in designing arch dam, and the requirements are also improved constantly. So such software as those which have friendly interactive user interface, efficient data management and highly software integration are the most important research projects in current arch dam designing and analyzing software development.
Based on the idea of visualization and parameterization, the requirements of arch dam design regulations and practical needs, the project aims to develop 3D visual arch dam designing and drawing software system through integrating Object-oriented Programming Techniques (OOPT), Visual Interface Design Techniques(VIDT) and Graphics Processing Techniques(GPT). Adopting VB.NET, the developing techniques and tools of Auto CAD, OOPT and DAO Database Developing Technique, we have developed the basic Auto CAD drawing modules. The designing and drawing platform of this software system is Auto CAD Civil 3D, and its development environment is Visua1 Studio.NET 2005 integrated with VBA. Its convenience, friendly interface and reliable operation have helped this software to play a key role in design and production
引文
[1]魏群,张国新等.拱坝三维可视化设计建模软件的开发与应用[J].天津大学学报,2008,41(9):1087-1090.
[2]欧阳建国.拱坝CADC的理论与实践.武汉大学出版社.2003.黄程,张燎军.拱坝可视化CAD系统研究.人民珠江,2004,(3):35-38.
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[4]矫桂娥,UNIX平台弧形闸门可视化CAD系统研制[D].河海大学论文,2002.
[5]杨锡阶.平面钢闸门参数化设计CAD软件研制与开发[D].昆明理工大学,2006.
[6] Pan Jiazheng. Developments of Arch Dam Design Technique in China[J]. Proceedings of ISOAD, 1992.
[7] Leclerc, Martin, Ldger, Pierre, Tinawi, Rend. Computer aided stability analysis of gravity dams-CADAM[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2003,34,403-420.
[8] Furuta, Hitoshi, Hase, Hideaki, et al. Applications of genetic algorithm to aesthetic design of dam structures[J].Advances in Engineering Software,1996,25:185-195.
[9]国家电力公司中南勘测设计院.拱坝CAD论文专集[C].水力发电,1990,4.
[10]彭正洪,欧阳建国.双曲拱坝CADC系统的分析与总体设计[J].水力发电,1997,12.
[11]朱伯芳,贾金生,厉易声等.拱坝的智能优化辅助设计系统-ADIOCAD[J].
[12]水利学报,1994(7):32-37.
[13]僧德文,王红霞.水利工程三维可视化仿真技术与系统研究.浙江水利水电专科学校学报,2006,(3):33-35.
[14]魏群.数字城市可视化仿真三维实体建模及虚拟现实软件系统的自主研发[C].第二届中国国际数字城市建设技术研讨会论文集.苏州:知识产权出版社,2006:204-213.
[15]魏群.逻辑产品模型的研究与应用[C].新世纪水利工程科技前沿,2005:586-596.
[16] Qun wei.“CIS2CAD”Research Report[R], 2003, Auspic Research Center, Canada.
[17]石教英,蔡文立.科学计算可视化算法与系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[18]张小发,由宏新,丁信伟.爆破片装置CAD参数化绘图系统的开发[J].化工装备技术,2001(5):45-48.
[19]魏群,彭成山.中外钢结构材料数据库的建立及应用软件的开发[C].全国建筑钢结构行业大会论文集.北京:2006.
[20]国家科技成果网.http://www.nast.org.cn.
[21]李曦,陈兴华,郑建波等.混凝土拱坝设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000.
[22]景作军,方建军,徐宏海.计算机辅助设计与工程分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[23]周明天,汪文勇. TCP/IP网络原理与技术[M].清华大学出版社, 1993.
[24]汪文勇等, C++图形设计[M].成都:电子科技出版社, 1994
[25]朱伯芳,高季章,陈祖煌等.拱坝设计与研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[26]傅伟.化工设备图中零件参数化技术[J].扬州职业大学学报,2000,4(2).
[27]李长勋.AutoCAD Visual LISP程序开发技术[M].国防工业出版社,2005.
[28]陈立新,赵红梅.基于VB.NET的AutoCAD二次开发.计算机应用,2006, (6):13-15.
[29]罗照,VB(VBA)在AutoCAD2005二次开发中的应用.信息技术与信息化.2005.5.44.
[30]陈知渊.拱坝及其优化方法的发展现状与展望[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2006,(4):91-93.
[31]郑忠俊,沈予洪,张兴亮.CAD程序设计方法[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2004.
[32] Utpal Bose. A cooperative problem solving frame work for computer-aided Process planning[J] ,Proceedings of the 32nd Hawaii International conference on System Sciences,Hawaii,1999:1-9.
[33]刘林..NET平台下AutoCAD的二次开发[J].CAD/CAM与制造业信化,2006 (1):29-30.
[34]陈锐.从VB到VB.NET[J].电脑知识与技术,2003(14):48-50.
[35]杜来红,陈桦,房亚东.基于特征的三维建模技术的研究[J].中国制造业信息化,2004,33(5):108-110.
[36]张志刚,曹西京.基于特征的建模技术机械研究与应用[J].2004, 17(5):21-23.
[37]华建源.基于特征断面的管状地物二维建模技术及其数据结构研究[J].地矿测绘,2005,21(4):5-6.
[38] Medland. A. J, A Proposed structure for a Rule-based Description of Parameteric Form[J].Engineering with Computers,1994(10):155-16.
[39]兰箭,张荣成,王耕耘,李志刚.基于图的参数化设计方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 1997,9(4):356-360.
[40] Wang M-T,Waldron MB,Miller RA. Prototype Integrated Feature-Based Design and Expert Process Planning system for Turned Parts[J],INT.J.SYSTRESAUTOM.APPLIC,1991(1):7-32.
[41]龚曙光,谢桂兰,谢瑛.石化压力容器的模块化参数设计[J].石化装备技术,1999,20(4):47-50.
[42]谢桂兰,龚曙光,涂浩.基于变型设计的压力容器参数化设计系统的开发[J].机械设计,2000(2):29-31.
[43]魏迎军.基于AutoCAD面向对象技术的压力容器CAD[J].石油化工设备,2004, 33(2).
[44]刘梦伟,刘东学.基于面向对象的球形储罐CAD系统的设计与实现[J].机械设计与制造,APr.2002 No.2:10-12.
[45]陈忠良,梅树立,张来生.直接调用AutoCAD命令实现二维装配图自动消隐[J].机械设计,1999 (8):48-50.
[46]王晓玲.利用AutoCAD进行三维造型设计[J].吉林化工学院学报,2004(9):75-78.
[47] Wang Sheng-zhi. The method of parametric 3-diensional modeling of screw thread-entity[J].Journal of engineering graphics. 2002:25-29.
[48] Wang sheng-zhi, Lan Xiao-min. The definition of geometric element and establishment of geometric drawing function for connection-arc in CAD[J].Journal of engineering graphics.2002,2:54-59.
[49]李长勋.AutoCAD VBA程序开发技术[M].国防工业出版社,2004.
[50]王珏.用VBA开发AutoCAD 2000应用程序[M].人民邮电出版社,1999.
[51]郭招娣.VB.NET和VB6.0的比较[J].信息技术,2003(8):49-50.
[52] AutoCAD Automatin Reference [M].AutoDesk Inc, 1999.
[53] (美)微软公司著,陆永宁,李烨等译.Mlcrosoft.NET最佳实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[54]庞开放.基于.NET框架的web应用设计与实现[J].微机发展,2005(3):85.
[55]李万红,梁靓等.Visual Basic.NET程序设计入门[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[2]欧阳建国.拱坝CADC的理论与实践.武汉大学出版社.2003.黄程,张燎军.拱坝可视化CAD系统研究.人民珠江,2004,(3):35-38.
[3]水利部科学技术司.“八五”全国水利科技重点成果汇编[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998.
[4]矫桂娥,UNIX平台弧形闸门可视化CAD系统研制[D].河海大学论文,2002.
[5]杨锡阶.平面钢闸门参数化设计CAD软件研制与开发[D].昆明理工大学,2006.
[6] Pan Jiazheng. Developments of Arch Dam Design Technique in China[J]. Proceedings of ISOAD, 1992.
[7] Leclerc, Martin, Ldger, Pierre, Tinawi, Rend. Computer aided stability analysis of gravity dams-CADAM[J].Advances in Engineering Software,2003,34,403-420.
[8] Furuta, Hitoshi, Hase, Hideaki, et al. Applications of genetic algorithm to aesthetic design of dam structures[J].Advances in Engineering Software,1996,25:185-195.
[9]国家电力公司中南勘测设计院.拱坝CAD论文专集[C].水力发电,1990,4.
[10]彭正洪,欧阳建国.双曲拱坝CADC系统的分析与总体设计[J].水力发电,1997,12.
[11]朱伯芳,贾金生,厉易声等.拱坝的智能优化辅助设计系统-ADIOCAD[J].
[12]水利学报,1994(7):32-37.
[13]僧德文,王红霞.水利工程三维可视化仿真技术与系统研究.浙江水利水电专科学校学报,2006,(3):33-35.
[14]魏群.数字城市可视化仿真三维实体建模及虚拟现实软件系统的自主研发[C].第二届中国国际数字城市建设技术研讨会论文集.苏州:知识产权出版社,2006:204-213.
[15]魏群.逻辑产品模型的研究与应用[C].新世纪水利工程科技前沿,2005:586-596.
[16] Qun wei.“CIS2CAD”Research Report[R], 2003, Auspic Research Center, Canada.
[17]石教英,蔡文立.科学计算可视化算法与系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[18]张小发,由宏新,丁信伟.爆破片装置CAD参数化绘图系统的开发[J].化工装备技术,2001(5):45-48.
[19]魏群,彭成山.中外钢结构材料数据库的建立及应用软件的开发[C].全国建筑钢结构行业大会论文集.北京:2006.
[20]国家科技成果网.http://www.nast.org.cn.
[21]李曦,陈兴华,郑建波等.混凝土拱坝设计[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2000.
[22]景作军,方建军,徐宏海.计算机辅助设计与工程分析[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002.
[23]周明天,汪文勇. TCP/IP网络原理与技术[M].清华大学出版社, 1993.
[24]汪文勇等, C++图形设计[M].成都:电子科技出版社, 1994
[25]朱伯芳,高季章,陈祖煌等.拱坝设计与研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002.
[26]傅伟.化工设备图中零件参数化技术[J].扬州职业大学学报,2000,4(2).
[27]李长勋.AutoCAD Visual LISP程序开发技术[M].国防工业出版社,2005.
[28]陈立新,赵红梅.基于VB.NET的AutoCAD二次开发.计算机应用,2006, (6):13-15.
[29]罗照,VB(VBA)在AutoCAD2005二次开发中的应用.信息技术与信息化.2005.5.44.
[30]陈知渊.拱坝及其优化方法的发展现状与展望[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2006,(4):91-93.
[31]郑忠俊,沈予洪,张兴亮.CAD程序设计方法[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2004.
[32] Utpal Bose. A cooperative problem solving frame work for computer-aided Process planning[J] ,Proceedings of the 32nd Hawaii International conference on System Sciences,Hawaii,1999:1-9.
[33]刘林..NET平台下AutoCAD的二次开发[J].CAD/CAM与制造业信化,2006 (1):29-30.
[34]陈锐.从VB到VB.NET[J].电脑知识与技术,2003(14):48-50.
[35]杜来红,陈桦,房亚东.基于特征的三维建模技术的研究[J].中国制造业信息化,2004,33(5):108-110.
[36]张志刚,曹西京.基于特征的建模技术机械研究与应用[J].2004, 17(5):21-23.
[37]华建源.基于特征断面的管状地物二维建模技术及其数据结构研究[J].地矿测绘,2005,21(4):5-6.
[38] Medland. A. J, A Proposed structure for a Rule-based Description of Parameteric Form[J].Engineering with Computers,1994(10):155-16.
[39]兰箭,张荣成,王耕耘,李志刚.基于图的参数化设计方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 1997,9(4):356-360.
[40] Wang M-T,Waldron MB,Miller RA. Prototype Integrated Feature-Based Design and Expert Process Planning system for Turned Parts[J],INT.J.SYSTRESAUTOM.APPLIC,1991(1):7-32.
[41]龚曙光,谢桂兰,谢瑛.石化压力容器的模块化参数设计[J].石化装备技术,1999,20(4):47-50.
[42]谢桂兰,龚曙光,涂浩.基于变型设计的压力容器参数化设计系统的开发[J].机械设计,2000(2):29-31.
[43]魏迎军.基于AutoCAD面向对象技术的压力容器CAD[J].石油化工设备,2004, 33(2).
[44]刘梦伟,刘东学.基于面向对象的球形储罐CAD系统的设计与实现[J].机械设计与制造,APr.2002 No.2:10-12.
[45]陈忠良,梅树立,张来生.直接调用AutoCAD命令实现二维装配图自动消隐[J].机械设计,1999 (8):48-50.
[46]王晓玲.利用AutoCAD进行三维造型设计[J].吉林化工学院学报,2004(9):75-78.
[47] Wang Sheng-zhi. The method of parametric 3-diensional modeling of screw thread-entity[J].Journal of engineering graphics. 2002:25-29.
[48] Wang sheng-zhi, Lan Xiao-min. The definition of geometric element and establishment of geometric drawing function for connection-arc in CAD[J].Journal of engineering graphics.2002,2:54-59.
[49]李长勋.AutoCAD VBA程序开发技术[M].国防工业出版社,2004.
[50]王珏.用VBA开发AutoCAD 2000应用程序[M].人民邮电出版社,1999.
[51]郭招娣.VB.NET和VB6.0的比较[J].信息技术,2003(8):49-50.
[52] AutoCAD Automatin Reference [M].AutoDesk Inc, 1999.
[53] (美)微软公司著,陆永宁,李烨等译.Mlcrosoft.NET最佳实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
[54]庞开放.基于.NET框架的web应用设计与实现[J].微机发展,2005(3):85.
[55]李万红,梁靓等.Visual Basic.NET程序设计入门[M].清华大学出版社,2002.