市政排水管网系统的研究与开发
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摘要
在市政工程排水设计中,水力计算是不可缺少的一部分,它直接确定了各段管线在施工中需采取的管径、坡度和雨污水在管中的流速,从而也影响到了管网施工的工程造价一系列的经济效益问题。而目前的水力计算的计算机程序只是一种代替手工计算、查表等一系列的繁琐、重复的管线计算程序,每次计算还是只能手动提取一条条管线,反复进行各种水力参数的输入,手动的上游雨水汇水面积和污水的上游流量的累加,在进行规模较大的管网计算中,计算起来将会异常繁琐。
本文的研究目的就是建立一个排水管网水力计算系统来解决上述问题,建立管网中管线与管线的关联,应用到整个管网水力计算中,提高计算的自动化程度,减轻管网的水力计算的工作量以及提供管网信息查询的相关拓展功能。本文系统论述了市政排水管网系统的研究与开发的若干问题。
本文主要内容简介如下:
⑴运用了图论,把排水系统看作一个有向网络来研究,建立管网的拓扑结构,突破了目前水力计算只能以单独一根管线的为计算对象的局限性(创新处);
⑵AutoCAD图形和数据库的关联,在水力计算中,通过图形直接读取管网数据信息,导入到水力计算程序进行计算;
⑶采用广度优先算法(Breath First Search),进行管网路径的搜索;
⑷把管网识别和GIS结合起来,做到对排水管网能方便地查询、维护和更新管网资料,使文字、图形资料与管网现状保持一致。
本课题的研究成果,具有很强的现实意义。排水管网的识别系统的开发,这对于简化管网水力计算的工作量起到了突破性的作用。同时,该方法在排水管网的管理、分析、查询等系统上都将有重要的应用意义和价值。
In the area of drainage pipeline design of municipal engineering, the water hydraulic calculation is an indispensable part, it decides the tube path, slope and water velocity of each pipeline, it also influences the pipeline net construction price.
But current computer program of water hydraulic calculation is just a kind of work to replace the calculation and checking form by hand. This work is very onerous, because it only can calculate one pipeline every time. It will be excrescent tedious in carrying on the bigger size pipeline net calculation.
So it is very essential to establish a network of hydraulic calculation of the drain system to solve these problems. This paper discussed the municipal sewer system for research and development in a number of problems.
The innovational points of this research are:
(1)Using graph theory, the research takes drainage system as a network. It breaks the limitation of the calculation for the separate pipeline in the current hydraulic calculation.
⑵AutoCAD graphics and the database link in the hydraulic calculations, reading graphics data directly into database;
⑶Using Breadth first search algorithm to search pipeline path in drainage network;
⑷Making GIS thought into drainage network calculation to complete management, analysis and inquiries of drainage pipe network .
After all, the results of this research have a important practical significance. The development of drainage network recognition system which can simplify the hydraulic calculation of the drainage network has played a breakthrough role. Meanwhile, the methods of drainage network management, analysis, inquiries system will have important applications significance and value.
本文的研究目的就是建立一个排水管网水力计算系统来解决上述问题,建立管网中管线与管线的关联,应用到整个管网水力计算中,提高计算的自动化程度,减轻管网的水力计算的工作量以及提供管网信息查询的相关拓展功能。本文系统论述了市政排水管网系统的研究与开发的若干问题。
本文主要内容简介如下:
⑴运用了图论,把排水系统看作一个有向网络来研究,建立管网的拓扑结构,突破了目前水力计算只能以单独一根管线的为计算对象的局限性(创新处);
⑵AutoCAD图形和数据库的关联,在水力计算中,通过图形直接读取管网数据信息,导入到水力计算程序进行计算;
⑶采用广度优先算法(Breath First Search),进行管网路径的搜索;
⑷把管网识别和GIS结合起来,做到对排水管网能方便地查询、维护和更新管网资料,使文字、图形资料与管网现状保持一致。
本课题的研究成果,具有很强的现实意义。排水管网的识别系统的开发,这对于简化管网水力计算的工作量起到了突破性的作用。同时,该方法在排水管网的管理、分析、查询等系统上都将有重要的应用意义和价值。
In the area of drainage pipeline design of municipal engineering, the water hydraulic calculation is an indispensable part, it decides the tube path, slope and water velocity of each pipeline, it also influences the pipeline net construction price.
But current computer program of water hydraulic calculation is just a kind of work to replace the calculation and checking form by hand. This work is very onerous, because it only can calculate one pipeline every time. It will be excrescent tedious in carrying on the bigger size pipeline net calculation.
So it is very essential to establish a network of hydraulic calculation of the drain system to solve these problems. This paper discussed the municipal sewer system for research and development in a number of problems.
The innovational points of this research are:
(1)Using graph theory, the research takes drainage system as a network. It breaks the limitation of the calculation for the separate pipeline in the current hydraulic calculation.
⑵AutoCAD graphics and the database link in the hydraulic calculations, reading graphics data directly into database;
⑶Using Breadth first search algorithm to search pipeline path in drainage network;
⑷Making GIS thought into drainage network calculation to complete management, analysis and inquiries of drainage pipe network .
After all, the results of this research have a important practical significance. The development of drainage network recognition system which can simplify the hydraulic calculation of the drainage network has played a breakthrough role. Meanwhile, the methods of drainage network management, analysis, inquiries system will have important applications significance and value.
引文
[1]朱照宏,符锌砂,李方等.道路勘测设计软件开发与应用指南.第一版.北京:人民交通出版社,2003, 3~15
[2]涂圣文.CAD、GIS及VR集成技术在工程领域的应用研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005:1~4
[3]朱照宏,陈雨人.道路路线CAD.第一版.上海:同济大学出版社,1998:7~11
[4]吴炳方,张明金,李新功.地理信息系统的发展.地理学报,1994,(s1):633~640
[5]孙慧修.排水工程(上册).第四版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999:24~42,63~83.
[6] Mays.L. W,Yen.B. C.Optimal Cost Design of Branched Sewer Systems.Water R resources Research.1975,11(1):31~4
[7] Mays.L.Wet.Model For Layout and Design of Sewer Systems.AcademicPress, 1976
[8]郭建生,杨元明,王锦兰等.排水管网结构系统的优化设计.陕西工学院学报,2002,18(02):38~41
[9]陈胜兵,娄金生.排水管网平面布置的优化.工业用水和废水,2006,36(06):47～49
[10]龙翼,杨顺生,朱天开.图论在排水管网优化方面的应用.中国测试技术,2004,01(01):15~18
[11]袁国斌,胡达.GIS在城市排水管网中的研究应用.计算机工程与设计,2004,25(07):1111~1113
[12]赵新华,李琼.城市排水管网信息GIS管理系统设计.中国给水排水.2002,18(09):56~57
[13]彭文祥,贾嵘,薛惠锋等.基于GIS的城市排水管网信息系统.西安理工大学学报,2001,17(04):396~399
[14]周兴汉,潘文裕,王作培.GIS在城市规划管理中的应用研究.计算机与现代化,1998,06:24~27
[15]姜永发,张书亮,曾巧玲等.城市排水管网GIS空间数据模型研究.自然科学进展,2005,15(04):465~471
[16]孙立镌.计算机图形学.第一版.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000:78~80
[17] Philip J.Schneider,David H.Eberly.计算机图形学几何工具算法详解.第一版.周长发.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,495~506
[18]萨师煊,王珊.数据库系统概论.第三版.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:13~30
[19]赵增敏.数据库应用基础Access 2000 .第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,2002: 2~4
[20] Scott McFarlane.AutoCAD数据库连接.第一版.罗阿理,卢迪等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:25~26
[21] Autodesk.Civil3D2005 vs MX_FINAL.Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004:1~8
[22] Autodesk.C3D 2005 vs Geopak FINAL.Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004:1~9
[23] Vijay Yelakanti,Mohammad Najafi,Ahmad Habibian.Role of GIS in Pipeline Industry.Pipelines.2003,130(75):6~7
[24] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R. Joseph Bergquist.Geographic Information System (GIS) Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning
[25] William Ford,William Topp.数据结构C++语言描述.第一版.刘卫东,沈官林.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:421~451
[26] William Ford,William Topp.数据结构C++语言描述-应用标准模板库(STL).第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:400~402
[27]游映玖,华松.城市给排水建设面临的问题及其解决措施.长江论坛.2003,3:49~ 50
[28]李响.一个实用的地下管线GIS数据结构.遥感信息.1999,03:15~18
[29]姜永发,张海涛,曾巧玲等.ComGIS技术开发排水管网信息系统,中国给水排水,2004,20 (2):12～15
[30]朱文忠.面向对象的GIS结构设计.测绘学院学报,1994,11(01):43~47
[31]李德仁,龚健雅,边馥苓.GIS的数据组织与处理方法.测绘通报,1994,01:28~37
[32] Scott B.Miles,Carlton L.Ho.Applications and Issues of GIS as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling. J. Comp. in Civil Engineering,July 1999,Volume 13,Issue 3:144~152
[33] Said M.Easa,Songnian Li,Yaoyu Shi.GIS Technology for Civil Engineering Education.J. Profl. Issues in Engrg. Educ. and Pract.,April 1998,Volume 124,Issue 2:40~47
[34] Mukund Dangeti,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha,Shashi S. Nambisan.Work Order Management System Using GIS.Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(49):3~7
[35]陈建春.Visual C++开发GIS系统.第二版.北京:电子工业出版社,2004: 461~472
[36] Autodesk.Autodesk integrates GIS,CAD,databases.Computer Dealer News.Jun 1998,Volume 14,Issue 24:42~43
[37] Scottie Barnes . Autodesk MapGuide 6 now supports DWG , XML ,Oracle9i.Geospatial Solutions.Nov 2001,Volume 11,Issue 11:16~17
[38] Kreiker.Visual LISP应用程序开发指南.第一版.李世国.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:64~71
[39]康博.中文版AutoCAD 2002/2000 Visual LISP开发指南.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2001:268~278
[40]孙江宏.AutoCAD ObjectARX开发工具及应用.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999:76~93
[41]余承飞,方勇. AutoCAD 2000二次开发技术(ObjectARX).第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999:63~78
[42]郝安林,郭建农.CAD原理与AutoCAD开发教程.第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2000:1~9
[43] Robert Sedgewick.C++算法-图算法.第一版.林琪.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:259~266
[44]周玉文,赵洪宾.排水管网理论与计算.北京:中国建筑工业出版社
[45] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R.Joseph Bergquist.Geographic Information System Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning.Pipelines.2002,114(46):2~3
[46]陆少鸣.污水管网优化设计.郑州工学院学报.1995,16 (1 ):48 ~55
[47] Edward Minieka.Optimization Algorithms for Networks and Graphs.New York . M ureelDekker , Inc.1978
[48]中国建筑工业出版社.室外给水工程规范,2000
[49]中国建筑工业出版社.给水排水设计手册第2册,2001
[2]涂圣文.CAD、GIS及VR集成技术在工程领域的应用研究:[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005:1~4
[3]朱照宏,陈雨人.道路路线CAD.第一版.上海:同济大学出版社,1998:7~11
[4]吴炳方,张明金,李新功.地理信息系统的发展.地理学报,1994,(s1):633~640
[5]孙慧修.排水工程(上册).第四版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1999:24~42,63~83.
[6] Mays.L. W,Yen.B. C.Optimal Cost Design of Branched Sewer Systems.Water R resources Research.1975,11(1):31~4
[7] Mays.L.Wet.Model For Layout and Design of Sewer Systems.AcademicPress, 1976
[8]郭建生,杨元明,王锦兰等.排水管网结构系统的优化设计.陕西工学院学报,2002,18(02):38~41
[9]陈胜兵,娄金生.排水管网平面布置的优化.工业用水和废水,2006,36(06):47～49
[10]龙翼,杨顺生,朱天开.图论在排水管网优化方面的应用.中国测试技术,2004,01(01):15~18
[11]袁国斌,胡达.GIS在城市排水管网中的研究应用.计算机工程与设计,2004,25(07):1111~1113
[12]赵新华,李琼.城市排水管网信息GIS管理系统设计.中国给水排水.2002,18(09):56~57
[13]彭文祥,贾嵘,薛惠锋等.基于GIS的城市排水管网信息系统.西安理工大学学报,2001,17(04):396~399
[14]周兴汉,潘文裕,王作培.GIS在城市规划管理中的应用研究.计算机与现代化,1998,06:24~27
[15]姜永发,张书亮,曾巧玲等.城市排水管网GIS空间数据模型研究.自然科学进展,2005,15(04):465~471
[16]孙立镌.计算机图形学.第一版.哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000:78~80
[17] Philip J.Schneider,David H.Eberly.计算机图形学几何工具算法详解.第一版.周长发.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,495~506
[18]萨师煊,王珊.数据库系统概论.第三版.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:13~30
[19]赵增敏.数据库应用基础Access 2000 .第一版.北京:电子工业出版社,2002: 2~4
[20] Scott McFarlane.AutoCAD数据库连接.第一版.罗阿理,卢迪等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:25~26
[21] Autodesk.Civil3D2005 vs MX_FINAL.Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004:1~8
[22] Autodesk.C3D 2005 vs Geopak FINAL.Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004:1~9
[23] Vijay Yelakanti,Mohammad Najafi,Ahmad Habibian.Role of GIS in Pipeline Industry.Pipelines.2003,130(75):6~7
[24] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R. Joseph Bergquist.Geographic Information System (GIS) Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning
[25] William Ford,William Topp.数据结构C++语言描述.第一版.刘卫东,沈官林.北京:清华大学出版社,1998:421~451
[26] William Ford,William Topp.数据结构C++语言描述-应用标准模板库(STL).第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:400~402
[27]游映玖,华松.城市给排水建设面临的问题及其解决措施.长江论坛.2003,3:49~ 50
[28]李响.一个实用的地下管线GIS数据结构.遥感信息.1999,03:15~18
[29]姜永发,张海涛,曾巧玲等.ComGIS技术开发排水管网信息系统,中国给水排水,2004,20 (2):12～15
[30]朱文忠.面向对象的GIS结构设计.测绘学院学报,1994,11(01):43~47
[31]李德仁,龚健雅,边馥苓.GIS的数据组织与处理方法.测绘通报,1994,01:28~37
[32] Scott B.Miles,Carlton L.Ho.Applications and Issues of GIS as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling. J. Comp. in Civil Engineering,July 1999,Volume 13,Issue 3:144~152
[33] Said M.Easa,Songnian Li,Yaoyu Shi.GIS Technology for Civil Engineering Education.J. Profl. Issues in Engrg. Educ. and Pract.,April 1998,Volume 124,Issue 2:40~47
[34] Mukund Dangeti,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha,Shashi S. Nambisan.Work Order Management System Using GIS.Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(49):3~7
[35]陈建春.Visual C++开发GIS系统.第二版.北京:电子工业出版社,2004: 461~472
[36] Autodesk.Autodesk integrates GIS,CAD,databases.Computer Dealer News.Jun 1998,Volume 14,Issue 24:42~43
[37] Scottie Barnes . Autodesk MapGuide 6 now supports DWG , XML ,Oracle9i.Geospatial Solutions.Nov 2001,Volume 11,Issue 11:16~17
[38] Kreiker.Visual LISP应用程序开发指南.第一版.李世国.北京:机械工业出版社,2001:64~71
[39]康博.中文版AutoCAD 2002/2000 Visual LISP开发指南.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,2001:268~278
[40]孙江宏.AutoCAD ObjectARX开发工具及应用.第一版.北京:清华大学出版社,1999:76~93
[41]余承飞,方勇. AutoCAD 2000二次开发技术(ObjectARX).第一版.北京:人民邮电出版社,1999:63~78
[42]郝安林,郭建农.CAD原理与AutoCAD开发教程.第一版.北京:国防工业出版社,2000:1~9
[43] Robert Sedgewick.C++算法-图算法.第一版.林琪.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:259~266
[44]周玉文,赵洪宾.排水管网理论与计算.北京:中国建筑工业出版社
[45] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R.Joseph Bergquist.Geographic Information System Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning.Pipelines.2002,114(46):2~3
[46]陆少鸣.污水管网优化设计.郑州工学院学报.1995,16 (1 ):48 ~55
[47] Edward Minieka.Optimization Algorithms for Networks and Graphs.New York . M ureelDekker , Inc.1978
[48]中国建筑工业出版社.室外给水工程规范,2000
[49]中国建筑工业出版社.给水排水设计手册第2册,2001