市政工程管线综合系统的研究与应用
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摘要
在国内市政工程建设中,管线综合设计是不可缺少的一部分。以往的管线综合设计都是手工操作,由于大城市地下管线错综复杂,在设计计算过程中需要考虑的因素太多,所以在实际设计过程中经常会出现遗漏,设计考虑不周全导致施工过程中出现很多问题。另一方面,由于管线过多,其相应的设计资料也非常多,在设计过程中查询这些资料也是一个非常繁杂的工作,从而导致工作效率低下、容易出错。故需要建立一个市政工程管线综合设计系统来解决上述问题。本文系统论述了市政工程管线综合设计系统的研究与应用中的若干问题。
本文的创新点在于:
⑴道路、给排水、管线综合三个模型统一,都基于统一基础模型建立,使得程序具有通用性,便于软件的开发与升级;
⑵平面和纵断面对象基于统一基础模型,使得两者计算算法统一,减少重复代码;
⑶系统结合了GIS技术,使得数据管理更加合理,而且本系统除完成设计工作外也是一个数据管理系统;
⑷在软件开发过程中引用了软构件技术思想,将部分程序代码构件化。尝试使用新的软件开发方法来开发市政工程设计软件。
本课题的研究成果,具有很强的现实意义。该系统可以单独做道路、给排水、管线综合中的特定设计工作,也可以将这三部分作为一个整体来完成设计工作,而且设计完后的成果图便是一个庞大的信息数据库,可以进行数据查询和修改工作。
The synthesize design of the pipelines was an indispensable part of municipal engineering in home. We usually finished the synthesize design of the pipelines by hand work, but there were too many underground pipe lines in the large city and too much consideration in the design process, so the lapse would appear in actual design process and create a lot of problems in the construction process. On the other hand, it was a very complicated job to search these data in the design process. Because the pipe lines were excessive and their design data was quite a lot, the work efficiency was very lowly and it caused mistakes easily.
So we need creating the synthesize system of the pipelines in municipal engineering to resolve the above problems. And this paper introduces the research and application on the synthesize system of the pipelines in municipal engineering.
The innovational points of this research are:
⑴Road engineering, water supply and sewerage, and the synthesize of the pipelines are united in the uniform basic model. The software becomes universality and is easy to exploit and upgrade;
⑵The objects of plane and profile surface are according to the uniform basic model. It makes their computing methods be the same, and reduces the repetitive code;
⑶The software system joins the technique of GIS together. It is more reasonable to manage the data. The software system not only accomplishes the design work but also is the data management system;
⑷We use the technique of component ware to develop the software and write part of procedure code. We try to use new exploitation method to exploit the design system of municipal engineering.
The research production of the subject matter has very strong and realistic meaning. The system can finish the particular design work for road engineering, water supply and sewerage, and the synthesize design of the pipelines. And it also can accomplish the design work by integrating with the three parts .The result drawing of the design system is just a huge information database, and the data of the result drawing can be used to search and modify.
本文的创新点在于:
⑴道路、给排水、管线综合三个模型统一,都基于统一基础模型建立,使得程序具有通用性,便于软件的开发与升级;
⑵平面和纵断面对象基于统一基础模型,使得两者计算算法统一,减少重复代码;
⑶系统结合了GIS技术,使得数据管理更加合理,而且本系统除完成设计工作外也是一个数据管理系统;
⑷在软件开发过程中引用了软构件技术思想,将部分程序代码构件化。尝试使用新的软件开发方法来开发市政工程设计软件。
本课题的研究成果,具有很强的现实意义。该系统可以单独做道路、给排水、管线综合中的特定设计工作,也可以将这三部分作为一个整体来完成设计工作,而且设计完后的成果图便是一个庞大的信息数据库,可以进行数据查询和修改工作。
The synthesize design of the pipelines was an indispensable part of municipal engineering in home. We usually finished the synthesize design of the pipelines by hand work, but there were too many underground pipe lines in the large city and too much consideration in the design process, so the lapse would appear in actual design process and create a lot of problems in the construction process. On the other hand, it was a very complicated job to search these data in the design process. Because the pipe lines were excessive and their design data was quite a lot, the work efficiency was very lowly and it caused mistakes easily.
So we need creating the synthesize system of the pipelines in municipal engineering to resolve the above problems. And this paper introduces the research and application on the synthesize system of the pipelines in municipal engineering.
The innovational points of this research are:
⑴Road engineering, water supply and sewerage, and the synthesize of the pipelines are united in the uniform basic model. The software becomes universality and is easy to exploit and upgrade;
⑵The objects of plane and profile surface are according to the uniform basic model. It makes their computing methods be the same, and reduces the repetitive code;
⑶The software system joins the technique of GIS together. It is more reasonable to manage the data. The software system not only accomplishes the design work but also is the data management system;
⑷We use the technique of component ware to develop the software and write part of procedure code. We try to use new exploitation method to exploit the design system of municipal engineering.
The research production of the subject matter has very strong and realistic meaning. The system can finish the particular design work for road engineering, water supply and sewerage, and the synthesize design of the pipelines. And it also can accomplish the design work by integrating with the three parts .The result drawing of the design system is just a huge information database, and the data of the result drawing can be used to search and modify.
引文
[1] 朱照宏,符锌砂,李方等 . 道路勘测设计软件开发与应用指南 . 第一版 . 北京 :人民交通出版社,2003 . 3~15
[2] 涂圣文 . CAD、GIS 及 VR 集成技术在工程领域的应用研究 :[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005 :1~4
[3] 朱照宏,陈雨人 . 道路路线 CAD . 第一版 . 上海 :同济大学出版社,1998 . 7~11
[4] 吴炳方,张明金,李新功 . 地理信息系统的发展 . 地理学报,1994,(s1) :633~640
[5] 中华人民共和国国家标准 . GB 50289-98 城市工程管线综合规划规范 . 北京 :中国建筑工业出版社,1999:1~5
[6] Autodesk . Civil3D2005 vs MX_FINAL . Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004 :1~8
[7] Autodesk . C3D 2005 vs Geopak FINAL . Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004 :1~9
[8] 萨师煊,王珊 . 数据库系统概论 . 第三版 . 北京 :高等教育出版社,2002 . 13~30
[9] 赵增敏 . 数据库应用基础 Access 2000 . 第一版 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2002 . 2~4
[10] 郝安林,郭建农 . CAD 原理与 AutoCAD 开发教程 . 第一版 . 北京 :国防工业出版社, 2000 . 1~9
[11] 孙立镌 . 计算机图形学 . 第一版 . 哈尔滨 :哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000 . 78~80
[12] 李响 . 一个实用的地下管线 GIS 数据结构 . 遥感信息,1999,03 :15~18
[13] 彭仪普 . 关于 GIS 数据结构的哲学思考 . 铁路航测,2000,02 :23~24
[14] 朱文忠 . 面向对象的 GIS 结构设计 . 测绘学院学报 ,1994,11(01) :43~47
[15] 李德仁,龚健雅,边馥苓 . GIS 的数据组织与处理方法 . 测绘通报,1994,01 :28~37
[16] Scott B. Miles,Carlton L. Ho . Applications and Issues of GIS as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling . J. Comp. in Civ. Engrg,July 1999,Volume 13,Issue 3 :144~152
[17] Said M. Easa,Songnian Li,Yaoyu Shi . GIS Technology for Civil Engineering Education . J. Profl. Issues in Engrg. Educ. and Pract.,April 1998,Volume 124,Issue 2:40~47
[18] Scott McFarlane . AutoCAD 数据库连接 . 第一版 . 罗阿理,卢迪等译 . 北京 :机械工业出版社,2001 . 25~26
[19] Mukund Dangeti,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha,Shashi S. Nambisan . Work Order Management System Using GIS . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(49):3~7
[20] 陈建春 . Visual C++开发 GIS 系统 . 第二版 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2004 . 461~472
[21] Autodesk . Autodesk integrates GIS,CAD,databases . Computer Dealer News . Jun 1998,Volume 14,Issue 24:42~42
[22] Scottie Barnes . Autodesk MapGuide 6 now supports DWG,XML,Oracle 9i . Geospatial Solutions . Nov 2001,Volume 11, Issue 11:16~16
[23] William Ford,William Topp . 数据结构 C++语言描述 . 第一版 . 刘卫东,沈官林 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,1998 . 421~451
[24] William Ford,William Topp . 数据结构 C++语言描述-应用标准模板库(STL). 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2003 . 400~402
[25] 马明栋,张凯选,沈蔚 . 城市地下管线信息管理系统设计与实现 . 矿山测量 ,2001 ,01 :30~32
[26] Vijay Yelakanti,Mohammad Najafi,Ahmad Habibian . Role of GIS in Pipeline Industry . Pipelines,2003,130(75) :6~7
[27] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R. Joseph Bergquist . Geographic Information System (GIS) Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning . Pipelines,2002,114(46):2~3
[28] 孙江宏 . AutoCAD ObjectARX 开发工具及应用 . 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,1999 . 76~93
[29] 余承飞,方勇 . AutoCAD 2000 二次开发技术(ObjectARX) . 第一版 . 北京 : 人民邮电出版社,1999 . 63~78
[30] Kreiker . Visual LISP 应用程序开发指南 . 第一版 . 李世国 . 北京 :机械工业出版社,2001 . 64~71
[31] 康博 . 中文版 AutoCAD 2002/2000 Visual LISP 开发指南 . 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2001 . 268~278
[32] Philip J.Schneider,David H.Eberly . 计算机图形学几何工具算法详解 . 第一版 . 周长发 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2005 . 495~506
[33] Robert Sedgewick . C++算法-图算法 . 第一版 . 林琪 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2003 . 259~266
[34] Linmei Nie,Sveinung Sagrov,Wolfgang Schilling . GIS Based Urban Runoff Modeling . Urban Drainage,2002,112(80):3~4
[35] Tiao J. Chang,Vito A. Cimino . Use of Pipeline for Site Selection of Sediment Deposits by GIS . Pipelines,2003,130(72) :3~7
[36] M. Garaci,J. Sutherland,B. J. Mergelas . Role of GIS and Data Management Systems for Pipeline Integrity . Pipelines,114(6):1~3
[37] Gilles Rivard,Pierre Dupuis . Tools for Analysis and Decision Support for Sewer Networks:Assessment of Needs and Interface Integration . Urban Drainage,2002,112(86):5~7
[38] Fabrice Rodriguez,Herve Andrieu . Using Urban Databases to Determine the Time of Concentration of Urban Catchments . Urban Drainage,2002,112(249):6~8
[39] Danahy J . Visualization Data Needs in Urban Environmental Planning and Design [ C] . In :Photogrammetric Week,Eds. D.Fritsch,R. Spiller,Wichmann Verlag . 1999 . 351~365
[40] Vanjeeswaran Krishnakumar,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, Shashi S. Nambisan . Identification and Ranking of High Pedestrian Crash Zones Using GIS . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005, 179(70) :2~4
[41] Zhizhou Wu,Xiaoguang Yang,Jiafa Gao . Research and Development of the Traffic Design Computer Aided System for Urban Road Grade Intersections in China . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(97):7~9
[42] 李春花,周竹军,孙玉杰 . AutoCAD 数字地图转换 GIS 技术的探讨 . 山东建材学院学报,2001,15(2) :12~15
[43] 龚俊,朱庆,眭海刚 等 . 从 CAD 模型到数码城市 GIS 模型的若干问题 . 武汉大学学报,2003,03 :64~68
[44] 姜永发,张书亮,曾巧玲 等 . 城市排水管网 GIS 空间数据模型研究 . 自然科学进展,2005,15(04) :465~471
[45] 周兴汉,潘文裕,王作培 . GIS 在城市规划管理中的应用研究 . 计算机与现代化,1998, 06 :24~27
[46] 张雨化 . 道路勘测设计 . 第一版 . 北京 :人民交通出版社,1997 . 67~92
[2] 涂圣文 . CAD、GIS 及 VR 集成技术在工程领域的应用研究 :[硕士学位论文] .保存地点:华中科技大学图书馆,2005 :1~4
[3] 朱照宏,陈雨人 . 道路路线 CAD . 第一版 . 上海 :同济大学出版社,1998 . 7~11
[4] 吴炳方,张明金,李新功 . 地理信息系统的发展 . 地理学报,1994,(s1) :633~640
[5] 中华人民共和国国家标准 . GB 50289-98 城市工程管线综合规划规范 . 北京 :中国建筑工业出版社,1999:1~5
[6] Autodesk . Civil3D2005 vs MX_FINAL . Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004 :1~8
[7] Autodesk . C3D 2005 vs Geopak FINAL . Autodesk White paper,Nov 2004 :1~9
[8] 萨师煊,王珊 . 数据库系统概论 . 第三版 . 北京 :高等教育出版社,2002 . 13~30
[9] 赵增敏 . 数据库应用基础 Access 2000 . 第一版 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2002 . 2~4
[10] 郝安林,郭建农 . CAD 原理与 AutoCAD 开发教程 . 第一版 . 北京 :国防工业出版社, 2000 . 1~9
[11] 孙立镌 . 计算机图形学 . 第一版 . 哈尔滨 :哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2000 . 78~80
[12] 李响 . 一个实用的地下管线 GIS 数据结构 . 遥感信息,1999,03 :15~18
[13] 彭仪普 . 关于 GIS 数据结构的哲学思考 . 铁路航测,2000,02 :23~24
[14] 朱文忠 . 面向对象的 GIS 结构设计 . 测绘学院学报 ,1994,11(01) :43~47
[15] 李德仁,龚健雅,边馥苓 . GIS 的数据组织与处理方法 . 测绘通报,1994,01 :28~37
[16] Scott B. Miles,Carlton L. Ho . Applications and Issues of GIS as Tool for Civil Engineering Modeling . J. Comp. in Civ. Engrg,July 1999,Volume 13,Issue 3 :144~152
[17] Said M. Easa,Songnian Li,Yaoyu Shi . GIS Technology for Civil Engineering Education . J. Profl. Issues in Engrg. Educ. and Pract.,April 1998,Volume 124,Issue 2:40~47
[18] Scott McFarlane . AutoCAD 数据库连接 . 第一版 . 罗阿理,卢迪等译 . 北京 :机械工业出版社,2001 . 25~26
[19] Mukund Dangeti,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha,Shashi S. Nambisan . Work Order Management System Using GIS . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(49):3~7
[20] 陈建春 . Visual C++开发 GIS 系统 . 第二版 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2004 . 461~472
[21] Autodesk . Autodesk integrates GIS,CAD,databases . Computer Dealer News . Jun 1998,Volume 14,Issue 24:42~42
[22] Scottie Barnes . Autodesk MapGuide 6 now supports DWG,XML,Oracle 9i . Geospatial Solutions . Nov 2001,Volume 11, Issue 11:16~16
[23] William Ford,William Topp . 数据结构 C++语言描述 . 第一版 . 刘卫东,沈官林 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,1998 . 421~451
[24] William Ford,William Topp . 数据结构 C++语言描述-应用标准模板库(STL). 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2003 . 400~402
[25] 马明栋,张凯选,沈蔚 . 城市地下管线信息管理系统设计与实现 . 矿山测量 ,2001 ,01 :30~32
[26] Vijay Yelakanti,Mohammad Najafi,Ahmad Habibian . Role of GIS in Pipeline Industry . Pipelines,2003,130(75) :6~7
[27] Daniel F. Moore,Curtis Thompson,R. Joseph Bergquist . Geographic Information System (GIS) Decision Modeling for Water Pipeline Planning . Pipelines,2002,114(46):2~3
[28] 孙江宏 . AutoCAD ObjectARX 开发工具及应用 . 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,1999 . 76~93
[29] 余承飞,方勇 . AutoCAD 2000 二次开发技术(ObjectARX) . 第一版 . 北京 : 人民邮电出版社,1999 . 63~78
[30] Kreiker . Visual LISP 应用程序开发指南 . 第一版 . 李世国 . 北京 :机械工业出版社,2001 . 64~71
[31] 康博 . 中文版 AutoCAD 2002/2000 Visual LISP 开发指南 . 第一版 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2001 . 268~278
[32] Philip J.Schneider,David H.Eberly . 计算机图形学几何工具算法详解 . 第一版 . 周长发 . 北京 :电子工业出版社,2005 . 495~506
[33] Robert Sedgewick . C++算法-图算法 . 第一版 . 林琪 . 北京 :清华大学出版社,2003 . 259~266
[34] Linmei Nie,Sveinung Sagrov,Wolfgang Schilling . GIS Based Urban Runoff Modeling . Urban Drainage,2002,112(80):3~4
[35] Tiao J. Chang,Vito A. Cimino . Use of Pipeline for Site Selection of Sediment Deposits by GIS . Pipelines,2003,130(72) :3~7
[36] M. Garaci,J. Sutherland,B. J. Mergelas . Role of GIS and Data Management Systems for Pipeline Integrity . Pipelines,114(6):1~3
[37] Gilles Rivard,Pierre Dupuis . Tools for Analysis and Decision Support for Sewer Networks:Assessment of Needs and Interface Integration . Urban Drainage,2002,112(86):5~7
[38] Fabrice Rodriguez,Herve Andrieu . Using Urban Databases to Determine the Time of Concentration of Urban Catchments . Urban Drainage,2002,112(249):6~8
[39] Danahy J . Visualization Data Needs in Urban Environmental Planning and Design [ C] . In :Photogrammetric Week,Eds. D.Fritsch,R. Spiller,Wichmann Verlag . 1999 . 351~365
[40] Vanjeeswaran Krishnakumar,Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, Shashi S. Nambisan . Identification and Ranking of High Pedestrian Crash Zones Using GIS . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005, 179(70) :2~4
[41] Zhizhou Wu,Xiaoguang Yang,Jiafa Gao . Research and Development of the Traffic Design Computer Aided System for Urban Road Grade Intersections in China . Computing in Civil Engineering,2005,179(97):7~9
[42] 李春花,周竹军,孙玉杰 . AutoCAD 数字地图转换 GIS 技术的探讨 . 山东建材学院学报,2001,15(2) :12~15
[43] 龚俊,朱庆,眭海刚 等 . 从 CAD 模型到数码城市 GIS 模型的若干问题 . 武汉大学学报,2003,03 :64~68
[44] 姜永发,张书亮,曾巧玲 等 . 城市排水管网 GIS 空间数据模型研究 . 自然科学进展,2005,15(04) :465~471
[45] 周兴汉,潘文裕,王作培 . GIS 在城市规划管理中的应用研究 . 计算机与现代化,1998, 06 :24~27
[46] 张雨化 . 道路勘测设计 . 第一版 . 北京 :人民交通出版社,1997 . 67~92