毛竹林土壤有机碳变化及其与土壤性质的关系
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摘要
随着全球变化研究的深入,森林土壤作为陆地生态系统中最大的碳库,受到越来越多研究者的关注,毛竹因其独特的生物学、生态学等特点,将是一个不断增大的碳汇,在中国可持续发展战略中正发挥着越来越重要的作用。因此,本研究在大岗山森林生态站辖区内选取不同海拔的五个毛竹林样地,通过对林下土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度及土壤理化性质的分析,探讨不同土层、不同海拔、不同时间毛竹林下有机碳及其他土壤性质的变化特征,并进一步运用相关分析、逐步多元回归分析等数学方法研究了土壤有机碳含量、土壤有机碳密度和土壤性质的关系。
结果表明：毛竹林土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度、土壤化学性质均存在明显的垂直变化和季节变化规律,都随着土层深度的增加显著降低,但不同海拔毛竹林土壤有机碳含量减少的程度不同,表层土壤中有机碳含量随海拔的变化为300m>700m>400m>600m>500m,且存在显著差异；毛竹林土壤各个层次的有机碳含量、土壤化学指标含量都呈现出3月份>11月份>8月份的规律；不同海拔毛竹林0-20cm土层中土壤有机碳密度变化状况与土壤有机碳含量沿海拔梯度变化的状况相同,而下层呈现出不同的变化规律,不同海拔间下层土壤密度差异不显著,且其沿海拔变化的规律与有机碳密度变化规律不同；土壤自然含水率、田间持水量、最大持水量、毛管持水量、土壤密度、非毛管孔隙等物理性质都随着土层的加深而减小,且表层与其余两层存在显著差异性,而毛管孔隙度各层之间不存在显著差异。
通过相关性分析得出,土壤有机碳含量与自然含水率、田间持水量、饱和持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管孔隙度、土壤通气度、全氮量、碱解氮量、有效磷量、速效钾量均呈极显著或显著正相关,与化学性质的相关性较大,其中与全氮量的相关系数最大；土壤有机碳密度与有机碳含量、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾呈极显著正相关,与土壤密度呈显著负相关。为了进一步得到土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度与土壤性质的关系,利用逐步多元回归得出,对毛竹土壤有机碳含量影响最大的为全氮量,土壤有效磷量影响土壤有机碳含量仅次于土壤全氮量,影响程度第三的是毛管孔隙度；对毛竹土壤有机碳密度影响最大的为有机碳含量,对土壤有机碳密度的影响次之的为土壤全氮量,土壤有效磷量对其影响程度也较大。
With the deepening of the research of global change, as the largest terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool,the forest had been received more and more attention. Phyllostachys owing to its unique characteristics such as biology, ecology, will be a constant increase of carbon, sustainable development strategy in China is playing an increasingly important role. Therefore, this study selected five different altitude Phyllostachys forest plots,in DaGang mountain forest area,Through the analysis of soil organic carbon content, organic carbon density and the soil physical and chemical properties,to explore the soil organic carbon and other soil properties in different layers,different altitudes,different time in Phyllostachys forest.And further the study had researched soil organic carbon content, soil organic carbon density and soil properties of the relationship using mathematichal methods such as correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis.
The results were as follows:Phyllostachys forests Soil organic carbon content, organic carbon density, soil chemical properties are obvious vertical variation and seasonal change regularity in Phyllostachys forests,they were all significantly reduced with the increase of depth of soil.But different elevations of soil organic carbon content reduced at different levels,surface soil organic carbon content with altitude change was 300m>700m>400m>600m>500m, and there were significant differences; At all levels of soil organic carbon content and soil chemical indicators of content emerged in March> November> August; Changes of soil organic carbon density along altitudinal gradients were the same as changes of soil organic carbon content in 0～20cm,but the lower showed the variation of different.Between the lower soil density at different altitudes were no significant differences,and it was different from changes of organic carbon density; Soil physical properties are all decreased with soil depth,surface and the others had significant differences, but the capillary porosity of layers was no significant difference.
Obtained by correlation analysis, soil organic carbon content was showed a significant or significant positive correlation to natural water content, field capacity, saturated water, capillary water holding capacity, non-capillary porosity, degree of soil aeration, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, the correlation of chemical properties is more larger,and the maximum amount of nitrogen related coefficient; Soil organic carbon density was showed significant positive correlation to organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, and was showed significant negative correlation to soil density, The biggest influence to content of soil organic carbon in Phyllostachys forests was total nitrogen,Content of soil available phosphorus was less influenced than total nitrogen, The third impact is the capillary porosity. The biggest influence to soil organic carbon density was organic carbon content,the next was total nitrogen,and content of soil available phosphorus was also influenced soil organic carbon density.
结果表明：毛竹林土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度、土壤化学性质均存在明显的垂直变化和季节变化规律,都随着土层深度的增加显著降低,但不同海拔毛竹林土壤有机碳含量减少的程度不同,表层土壤中有机碳含量随海拔的变化为300m>700m>400m>600m>500m,且存在显著差异；毛竹林土壤各个层次的有机碳含量、土壤化学指标含量都呈现出3月份>11月份>8月份的规律；不同海拔毛竹林0-20cm土层中土壤有机碳密度变化状况与土壤有机碳含量沿海拔梯度变化的状况相同,而下层呈现出不同的变化规律,不同海拔间下层土壤密度差异不显著,且其沿海拔变化的规律与有机碳密度变化规律不同；土壤自然含水率、田间持水量、最大持水量、毛管持水量、土壤密度、非毛管孔隙等物理性质都随着土层的加深而减小,且表层与其余两层存在显著差异性,而毛管孔隙度各层之间不存在显著差异。
通过相关性分析得出,土壤有机碳含量与自然含水率、田间持水量、饱和持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管孔隙度、土壤通气度、全氮量、碱解氮量、有效磷量、速效钾量均呈极显著或显著正相关,与化学性质的相关性较大,其中与全氮量的相关系数最大；土壤有机碳密度与有机碳含量、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾呈极显著正相关,与土壤密度呈显著负相关。为了进一步得到土壤有机碳含量、有机碳密度与土壤性质的关系,利用逐步多元回归得出,对毛竹土壤有机碳含量影响最大的为全氮量,土壤有效磷量影响土壤有机碳含量仅次于土壤全氮量,影响程度第三的是毛管孔隙度；对毛竹土壤有机碳密度影响最大的为有机碳含量,对土壤有机碳密度的影响次之的为土壤全氮量,土壤有效磷量对其影响程度也较大。
With the deepening of the research of global change, as the largest terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool,the forest had been received more and more attention. Phyllostachys owing to its unique characteristics such as biology, ecology, will be a constant increase of carbon, sustainable development strategy in China is playing an increasingly important role. Therefore, this study selected five different altitude Phyllostachys forest plots,in DaGang mountain forest area,Through the analysis of soil organic carbon content, organic carbon density and the soil physical and chemical properties,to explore the soil organic carbon and other soil properties in different layers,different altitudes,different time in Phyllostachys forest.And further the study had researched soil organic carbon content, soil organic carbon density and soil properties of the relationship using mathematichal methods such as correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis.
The results were as follows:Phyllostachys forests Soil organic carbon content, organic carbon density, soil chemical properties are obvious vertical variation and seasonal change regularity in Phyllostachys forests,they were all significantly reduced with the increase of depth of soil.But different elevations of soil organic carbon content reduced at different levels,surface soil organic carbon content with altitude change was 300m>700m>400m>600m>500m, and there were significant differences; At all levels of soil organic carbon content and soil chemical indicators of content emerged in March> November> August; Changes of soil organic carbon density along altitudinal gradients were the same as changes of soil organic carbon content in 0～20cm,but the lower showed the variation of different.Between the lower soil density at different altitudes were no significant differences,and it was different from changes of organic carbon density; Soil physical properties are all decreased with soil depth,surface and the others had significant differences, but the capillary porosity of layers was no significant difference.
Obtained by correlation analysis, soil organic carbon content was showed a significant or significant positive correlation to natural water content, field capacity, saturated water, capillary water holding capacity, non-capillary porosity, degree of soil aeration, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, the correlation of chemical properties is more larger,and the maximum amount of nitrogen related coefficient; Soil organic carbon density was showed significant positive correlation to organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, and was showed significant negative correlation to soil density, The biggest influence to content of soil organic carbon in Phyllostachys forests was total nitrogen,Content of soil available phosphorus was less influenced than total nitrogen, The third impact is the capillary porosity. The biggest influence to soil organic carbon density was organic carbon content,the next was total nitrogen,and content of soil available phosphorus was also influenced soil organic carbon density.
引文
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