新型微电解填料的开发及其在废水处理中的应用
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摘要
微电解工艺是一种成本低廉,具有“以废治废”的环境价值而被研究者广泛重视。但是,其存在的各种问题严重制约微电解工艺的实际工程应用。本研究针对微电解存在的关键问题如填料板结、填料更换等,开发新型微电解规整化填料。通过试验研究,提出以1:1的Fe与C为核心,以粘土为骨架,添加氯化铵为添加剂的微电解规整化填料开发途径,并对粘土的比例,氯化铵添加量,填料造粒、焙烧成型等进行了考察。
在填料开发相关参数确定后,对该规整化微电解填料在废水处理中的应用进行了探讨。主要把该微电解填料应用于CLT酸染料中间体生产废水和气田水的处理,对各废水处理工艺参数进行了考察。在较长时间的连续运行后,发现填料的相关优点和不足:能够取得较好的试验效果,可以改善废水的生化性指标,能够预防板结等;同时,规整化影响填料与废水之间污染物的传质,要取得与传统Fe/C微电解相同的结果,必须延长废水处理的停留时间。
最后,本文对微电解工艺和该新型微电解填料及其再生方式进行探讨和展望,希望为进一步研究提供参考。
With the development of the national economy, the environmental pollution has been serous increasingly and the forms of water pollution have been various.However, the awareness of environmental protection is increasing with the economic strength.In recent years, the Government adopted many effective measures, making preliminary containment to the continued serious pollution trend.With the growing number of environmental protection input, our country environmental workers grasp many technology of water treatment, some of them even advance in the world, but we face many problems in environmental treatment.Good effect of treatment to deal with low-cost wastewater treatment technology is the goal pursued by researchers.The Micro-electrolysis treatment technology has universe attention in this flied.
Micro-electrolysis process is to make use of Fe and C to form galvanic cell,and under the multi-mechanism of the synergies, such as galvanic interaction, electric field effect, electrochemical adsorption, physical adsorption, etc.Did the pollutant in the wastewater be degraded? The influencing factors include Fe/C, residence time, the original wastewater pH, etc.From the study, the Micro-electrolysis Wastewater Treatment Process contained almost all aspects of wastewater treatment, but there are still some problems when the technology of wastewater treatment works in the practical application, for many reasons.In many issues, the compacted fill restricting its application to the main issues.Of the issue, there have been some new reactor form (such as Dynamic Response) and the new combination of filler (such as Fe-Cu combination); but the current study is still pending depth of the compacted fill understanding of the mechanism is not yet clear, pending further study.Preventive measures from the compaction, aeration and backwashing methods more, and microwave renewable, filler layer modified reactor transformation relatively rare.From Micro-electrolysis to consider the root causes of problems, the key is to solve the compacted fill, and the regularity of filler solves existing problems is the ideal one.Based on this, this study proposed to 1:1 Fe, C as the core, with clay for the skeleton, the development of new Micro-electrolysis structured packing.
This study through tests identified regularized methods and the type of added soil, additives selection, the determined of the additives’addition, the selection of calcination temperature and other parameters.Experiments founded that: different clay played on the impact of packing effect not much; when the ratio of the clay is 20%(the ratio of Fe, C and clay is 4:4:2), add 0.5% of the ammonium chloride as additive mixed evenly then granulation, after incandescing at 600℃for 2h molding, the results more satisfactory; tests also showed that the impact of the filler particle size to wastewater treatment effect is not too much.
The new developed type of Micro-electrolysis packing will be used for CLT acid dye intermediates in the production of wastewater and treatment of gas field sewage. When using CLT acid dye intermediates for the treatment of production of wastewater, the pH, residence time, influent concentration of organic and several other factors were studied. In the process of gas field treatment, In addition to the three factors on the study, the extensive application of packing was also taking into account; the additive effect validation was carried out. The experimental results show that :both in the low concentration of CLT dye intermediate gas or gas field sewage, treatment effect was significant, the removal efficiency could reach more than 70%, particular gas field sewage, in the longer run time of the contact operation, the effect is ideal. To a certain extent packing can prevent compaction, and there is no packing replacement problem, and can improve wastewater biochemical indicators. At the same time, the experiment found that, the raw water pH had little effect for the wastewater treatment effect. While packing had adsorption for some specific wastewater, but the tests show that in the whole organic removal and transformation process adsorption can not afford a major role, Micro-electrolysis role is still on the primary role for packing on the degradation of organic. But Micro-electrolysis packing regularized, there are also some problems. After Micro-electrolysis regularized, the transfer efficiency between packing and pollutants in the wastewater decreased, for the pretreatment of high concentration of hardly degradable organic wastewater, to achieve the desired effect, must extend the retention time, this is bound to increase the volume of the reactor, so that processing equipment investment increased.
In the renewable ways of packing, this paper considered two ways, one is backwash regeneration, and the other is burning renewable. But, neither of the renewable forms can fundamentally solve the problem of low efficiency of packing treatment. The two ways could make the packing reable, but the high efficiency couldn’t keep, and the efficiency became low in a little time. In a world, the renewable ways of this packing should be researched in the future.
Finally, this paper also discussed the new Micro-electrolysis packing related issues. Hope for providing reference for further study.
在填料开发相关参数确定后,对该规整化微电解填料在废水处理中的应用进行了探讨。主要把该微电解填料应用于CLT酸染料中间体生产废水和气田水的处理,对各废水处理工艺参数进行了考察。在较长时间的连续运行后,发现填料的相关优点和不足:能够取得较好的试验效果,可以改善废水的生化性指标,能够预防板结等;同时,规整化影响填料与废水之间污染物的传质,要取得与传统Fe/C微电解相同的结果,必须延长废水处理的停留时间。
最后,本文对微电解工艺和该新型微电解填料及其再生方式进行探讨和展望,希望为进一步研究提供参考。
With the development of the national economy, the environmental pollution has been serous increasingly and the forms of water pollution have been various.However, the awareness of environmental protection is increasing with the economic strength.In recent years, the Government adopted many effective measures, making preliminary containment to the continued serious pollution trend.With the growing number of environmental protection input, our country environmental workers grasp many technology of water treatment, some of them even advance in the world, but we face many problems in environmental treatment.Good effect of treatment to deal with low-cost wastewater treatment technology is the goal pursued by researchers.The Micro-electrolysis treatment technology has universe attention in this flied.
Micro-electrolysis process is to make use of Fe and C to form galvanic cell,and under the multi-mechanism of the synergies, such as galvanic interaction, electric field effect, electrochemical adsorption, physical adsorption, etc.Did the pollutant in the wastewater be degraded? The influencing factors include Fe/C, residence time, the original wastewater pH, etc.From the study, the Micro-electrolysis Wastewater Treatment Process contained almost all aspects of wastewater treatment, but there are still some problems when the technology of wastewater treatment works in the practical application, for many reasons.In many issues, the compacted fill restricting its application to the main issues.Of the issue, there have been some new reactor form (such as Dynamic Response) and the new combination of filler (such as Fe-Cu combination); but the current study is still pending depth of the compacted fill understanding of the mechanism is not yet clear, pending further study.Preventive measures from the compaction, aeration and backwashing methods more, and microwave renewable, filler layer modified reactor transformation relatively rare.From Micro-electrolysis to consider the root causes of problems, the key is to solve the compacted fill, and the regularity of filler solves existing problems is the ideal one.Based on this, this study proposed to 1:1 Fe, C as the core, with clay for the skeleton, the development of new Micro-electrolysis structured packing.
This study through tests identified regularized methods and the type of added soil, additives selection, the determined of the additives’addition, the selection of calcination temperature and other parameters.Experiments founded that: different clay played on the impact of packing effect not much; when the ratio of the clay is 20%(the ratio of Fe, C and clay is 4:4:2), add 0.5% of the ammonium chloride as additive mixed evenly then granulation, after incandescing at 600℃for 2h molding, the results more satisfactory; tests also showed that the impact of the filler particle size to wastewater treatment effect is not too much.
The new developed type of Micro-electrolysis packing will be used for CLT acid dye intermediates in the production of wastewater and treatment of gas field sewage. When using CLT acid dye intermediates for the treatment of production of wastewater, the pH, residence time, influent concentration of organic and several other factors were studied. In the process of gas field treatment, In addition to the three factors on the study, the extensive application of packing was also taking into account; the additive effect validation was carried out. The experimental results show that :both in the low concentration of CLT dye intermediate gas or gas field sewage, treatment effect was significant, the removal efficiency could reach more than 70%, particular gas field sewage, in the longer run time of the contact operation, the effect is ideal. To a certain extent packing can prevent compaction, and there is no packing replacement problem, and can improve wastewater biochemical indicators. At the same time, the experiment found that, the raw water pH had little effect for the wastewater treatment effect. While packing had adsorption for some specific wastewater, but the tests show that in the whole organic removal and transformation process adsorption can not afford a major role, Micro-electrolysis role is still on the primary role for packing on the degradation of organic. But Micro-electrolysis packing regularized, there are also some problems. After Micro-electrolysis regularized, the transfer efficiency between packing and pollutants in the wastewater decreased, for the pretreatment of high concentration of hardly degradable organic wastewater, to achieve the desired effect, must extend the retention time, this is bound to increase the volume of the reactor, so that processing equipment investment increased.
In the renewable ways of packing, this paper considered two ways, one is backwash regeneration, and the other is burning renewable. But, neither of the renewable forms can fundamentally solve the problem of low efficiency of packing treatment. The two ways could make the packing reable, but the high efficiency couldn’t keep, and the efficiency became low in a little time. In a world, the renewable ways of this packing should be researched in the future.
Finally, this paper also discussed the new Micro-electrolysis packing related issues. Hope for providing reference for further study.
引文
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