含油废水处理的电凝聚气浮技术研究
|
摘要
含油废水是一种来源广泛、成分复杂、易于带来环境污染的工业和生活废水,其处理在国内外均引起高度重视。随着生产工艺的发展、出水水质要求的提高以及污水综合排放标准的日益严格,处理含油废水的隔油-絮凝气浮-生化“老三套”工艺急需改进,人们正在致力于研究新的含油废水处理技术。本文以含油废水为研究对象,对电凝聚气浮技术处理含油废水的作用机理和动力学模型等进行了深入研究。研究结论如下:
1.应用电化学、絮凝和气浮技术等基本理论,研究了电凝聚气浮技术处理含油废水的物理化学过程,给出了该处理技术中四种典型的作用机理,即电解凝聚、电解气浮、电解氧化和电解还原。
2.重点分析了影响电凝聚气浮技术处理含油废水的两个关键过程,即电解凝聚和电解气浮。给出了处理含油废水的电解凝聚动力学模型以及电解气浮动力学模型,并且对影响这两个过程的参数进行了分析,为优化电凝聚气浮技术性能提供了理论基础。
3.系统分析了电凝聚气浮装置的关键部件如电凝聚气浮槽、电极等结构与材料特点,并设计了一套电凝聚气浮实验装置。
4.基于铁阳极在该技术中应用的广泛性,给出了应用铁阳极时的单元电解电压计算模型。针对电凝聚气浮装置存在电能消耗费用较高的主要问题,深入分析了影响电能消耗的若干因素,提出了一些合理的节能措施。
Oil-wastewater is a kind of wastewater which is liable to cause serious environmental pollution to the industry and our life, its source is wide and component is complex, oil-wastewater treatment is especially attended by people at home and abroad. Traditional technology: oil separation coagulation-flotation and bio-chemistry (Old Three Sets) no longer meets the requirement of outlet water quality and the sewage integration discharge standard with the development of production technology; so many people are engaging in exploring new technologies to treat oil-containing sewage. In this paper, aiming at oil-wastewater, the further studies on function mechanisms and dynamic models of electro-coagulation flotation have been made. Conclusions are as follows:1. Based on electro-chemistry, coagulation and flotation technology, the physical and chemical processes of electro-coagulation flotation technology in oil-wastewater treatment have been studied, and four typical function mechanisms, electrolysis coagulation, electrolysis flotation, electrolysis oxidation and electrolysis deoxidization, are given.2. Two critical processes in electro-coagulation flotation technology, electrolysis coagulation and electrolysis flotation, have been analyzed. Electrolysis coagulation dynamic models and electrolysis flotation dynamic models in oil-wastewater treatment have been established, and the influence factors of processes are also analyzed, which provide theoretic basis for optimizing the performance of electro-coagulation flotation technology.3. Some critical components of electro-coagulation flotation equipments, such as electro-coagulation-flotation reactor and electrode, have been introduced, their structure and material characteristics have been given, and an electro-coagulation flotation experiment equipment has been designed.4. Based on the common use of iron anode in electro-coagulation flotation, unit electrolysis voltage calculation model of iron anode has been constructed. For the major problem of the higher electricity energy consumption of electro-coagulation flotation equipments, the further analysis on some factors which influence electricity energy consumption has been made deeply and some reasonable measures have been put forward.
1.应用电化学、絮凝和气浮技术等基本理论,研究了电凝聚气浮技术处理含油废水的物理化学过程,给出了该处理技术中四种典型的作用机理,即电解凝聚、电解气浮、电解氧化和电解还原。
2.重点分析了影响电凝聚气浮技术处理含油废水的两个关键过程,即电解凝聚和电解气浮。给出了处理含油废水的电解凝聚动力学模型以及电解气浮动力学模型,并且对影响这两个过程的参数进行了分析,为优化电凝聚气浮技术性能提供了理论基础。
3.系统分析了电凝聚气浮装置的关键部件如电凝聚气浮槽、电极等结构与材料特点,并设计了一套电凝聚气浮实验装置。
4.基于铁阳极在该技术中应用的广泛性,给出了应用铁阳极时的单元电解电压计算模型。针对电凝聚气浮装置存在电能消耗费用较高的主要问题,深入分析了影响电能消耗的若干因素,提出了一些合理的节能措施。
Oil-wastewater is a kind of wastewater which is liable to cause serious environmental pollution to the industry and our life, its source is wide and component is complex, oil-wastewater treatment is especially attended by people at home and abroad. Traditional technology: oil separation coagulation-flotation and bio-chemistry (Old Three Sets) no longer meets the requirement of outlet water quality and the sewage integration discharge standard with the development of production technology; so many people are engaging in exploring new technologies to treat oil-containing sewage. In this paper, aiming at oil-wastewater, the further studies on function mechanisms and dynamic models of electro-coagulation flotation have been made. Conclusions are as follows:1. Based on electro-chemistry, coagulation and flotation technology, the physical and chemical processes of electro-coagulation flotation technology in oil-wastewater treatment have been studied, and four typical function mechanisms, electrolysis coagulation, electrolysis flotation, electrolysis oxidation and electrolysis deoxidization, are given.2. Two critical processes in electro-coagulation flotation technology, electrolysis coagulation and electrolysis flotation, have been analyzed. Electrolysis coagulation dynamic models and electrolysis flotation dynamic models in oil-wastewater treatment have been established, and the influence factors of processes are also analyzed, which provide theoretic basis for optimizing the performance of electro-coagulation flotation technology.3. Some critical components of electro-coagulation flotation equipments, such as electro-coagulation-flotation reactor and electrode, have been introduced, their structure and material characteristics have been given, and an electro-coagulation flotation experiment equipment has been designed.4. Based on the common use of iron anode in electro-coagulation flotation, unit electrolysis voltage calculation model of iron anode has been constructed. For the major problem of the higher electricity energy consumption of electro-coagulation flotation equipments, the further analysis on some factors which influence electricity energy consumption has been made deeply and some reasonable measures have been put forward.
引文
1.侯士兵,玄雪梅,贾金平,王亚林·含油废水处理技术的研究与应用现状·上海化工,2003,9:11-14
2.隋智慧,秦煜民·油水分离技术的研究进展·油气田地面工程,2002,21(6):115-116
3.朱亦仁·环境污染治理技术·中国环境科学出版社,1998,12
4.佟玉衡·实用废水处理技术·化学工业出版社,1999,5
5.孙莉英,杨昌柱·含油废水处理技术进展·华中科技大学学报,2002,19(3):87-91
6.刘军·高效加压溶气气浮工艺·建材技术与应用,2001(3):25-26
7.王振欧,李慧敏·喷射溶气回流浮选工艺处理含油废水·化工环保,1997,17(1):19-23
8.陈水平·铁屑内电解法处理船舶含油废水的研究·水处理技术,1999,25(5):303-306
9.韩洪军·微电池滤床法处理含油废水·化工环保,2000,20(5):19-22
10.王承智,石荣·含油废水处理方法综述·辽宁师专学报,2002,4(1):104-108
11. Xinhua Xu, Xiangfeng Zhu·Treatment of Refectory Oily Wastewater by Electro-coagulation Process · Chemosphere, 2004(56): 889-894
12. Peter K Holt, Geoffrey W Barton, Mary Wark, Cynthia A Mitchell · A Quantitative Comparison between Chemical Dosing and Electro-coagulation · Colloids and Surfaces A, 2002(211): 233-248
13. Michael J Matteson et al · Electro-coagulation and Separation of Aqueous Suspensions of Ultra-fine Particles· Colloids and Surfaces A, 1995(104): 101-109
14. M Yousuf A Mollah, Robert Schennach, Jose R Parga, David L Cocke · Electro-coagulation(EC) ——Science and Applications · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2001(B84) 29-41
15. Guohua Chen, Xueming Chen, Po Lock Yue · Electro-coagulation and Electro-flotation of Restaurant Wastewater[J]·Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2000,(9): 858-863
16.潘怀玉,杨岳平,徐新华,汪大翠·电凝聚气浮法处理餐饮废水试验研究·云南环境科学,2001,9
17.王车礼等·电絮凝处理油田废水初步研究·油气田环境保护,2002,12(3):19-21
18.邓皓,王蓉沙·电絮凝浮选法处理含油废水实验·江汉石油学院学报,1994,3
19.陈希慧,王志江,黄初升,蔡民廷·电絮凝法处理纸业废水的研究·广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2002,19(4):1-4
20. Jiantuan Ge, Jiuhui Qu, Pengju Lei, Huijuan Liu · New Bipolar Electro-coagulation Electroflotation Process for the Treatment of Laundry Wastewater · Separation Purification Technology, 2004, 36: 33-39
21.丁忠浩,卢寿慈·电凝聚法去除味精废水中悬浮物的机理及数学模型·中国粉体技术,2000,10
22.王三反,王文琴,刘义安,王岩·电凝聚除氟条件的研究·水处理技术,1990,16(4):298-303
23.彭海清,谭章荣,孟长再·电凝聚技术在水处理中的应用·化工技术经济,2002,2:30-32
24.李志华,吴晓珍·电气浮-二级生化法处理印染废水技术·环保科技,1995,17(2):3-7
25. Elgal G M · Recycling and Disposing of Dye-bath Solutions · Textile Chemist &Colorist, 1986, 18(5)
26.任惠萍·印染行业水污染治理技术浅析·干旱环境监测,1999,13(1):49-51
27.程太平,章家海·采用高压脉冲电絮凝法处理印染废水·安庆师范学院学报,2000,16(4):99,103
28.腾华妹·电凝聚.砂滤法处理制革染色废水[J]·环境科学与技术,1999(4):31-33
29. Lin S H, Peng C F · Continuous Treatment of Textile Wastewater by Combined Coagulation Electro- chemical Oxidation and Activated Sludge · Water Research, 1995, 30(3)
30.潘春玲等·电凝聚-二级生化-吸附工艺处理CLT酸废水·中国环境科学,2000,20(4):349-352
31.吴恬,官举德,胡海修·电凝聚微絮凝过滤法的试验研究·给水排水,1997,23(9):17-19
32.高良进,程岩法·高压脉冲电凝聚浮上法处理印染废水·环境污染与防治,1992,14(5):10-13
33.熊方文·脉冲电解处理工业废水技术·工业水处理,1990,10(2):10-11
34.王志江·电絮凝法与电催化氧化法去除纸业废水中有色有机物的研究·广西大学硕士毕业论文,2003,3
35.李亚新·国外印染废水的电化学处理·给水排水,1999,25(7)
36.李勇等·阳极材料对废水电化学处理能耗和净化效果的影响·环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(8):39-42
37. Jinping Jia et al · Treat of Dying Wastewater with ACF Electrode[J] · Water Research, 1999, 33(3): 881-884
38.熊英健·三维电极电化学水处理技术研究现状及方向[J]·工业水处理,1998,18(1):5-8
39.朱宏丽·三元电极电解在水处理中的应用[J]·环境科学,1985,6(6):36-40
40.李长海·导流电凝聚法脱除印染废水的特性研究·化工环保,1999,19(5):264-267
41.何晓莉,王志盈,袁林江·管式电凝聚法处理印染废水COD的特性研究·给水排水,2000,26(5)
42.董晓丹,王恩德,王晨翼·用电凝聚装置去除废水中重金属离子·安全与环境学报,2002,2
43.杨岳平,汪大翠·电凝聚-电气浮废水处理装置·中国专利,1999,11,24
44. N Adhoum, L Monser, N Bellakhal, J-E Belgaied · Treatment of Electroplating Wastewater Containing Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+) and Cr~(6+) by Electro-coagulation · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2004(B112): 207-213
45.杨岳平,宋爽·电絮凝法处理毛纺染色废水·环境保护,2000,8:19-20
46.王爱民等·电化学方法治理含染料废水的现状与进展·工业水处理,2001,21(8):4-7
47.丁忠浩·味精废水治理技术研究与工业实践·北京科技大学博士学位论文,2000,10
48. L Sanchez Calvo, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, et al · An Electro-coagulation Unit for the Purification of Soluble Oil Wastes of High COD · Environmental Progress, 2003, 4, 22(1): 57-65
49. O Larue, E Vorobiev, C Vu, B Durand · Electro-coagulation and Coagulation by Iron of Latex Particles in Aqueous Suspensions · Separation Purification Technology, 2003(31): 177-192
50. M Kobya, O TanerCan, M Bayramoglu · Treatment of Textile Wastewaters by Electro-coagulation Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003(B100): 163-178
51.王果庭·胶体稳定性·科学出版社,1990
52.王毅力,汤鸿霄·气浮净水技术研究及进展·环境科学进展,1999,7(6):94-103
53.赵济强·高压脉冲电凝系统治理电镀涂装废水·材料保护,2003,36(3):51-53
54.许保玖,龙腾锐·当代给水与废水处理原理·高等教育出版社,1999,12
55. K Fukushi, N Tambo, Y Matsui · A Kinetic Model for Dissolved Air Flotation in Water and Wastewater Treatment · Water Science Technology, 1995, 31(3-4): 37-47
56. K Edzwald · Principles and Applications of Dissolved Air Flotation · Water Science Technology, 1995, 31(3-4): 1-23
57. P K Holt, G W Barton, C A Mitchell · The Future for Electro-coagulation as a Localized Water Treatment Technology · Chemosphere, 2005(59): 355-367
58. Guohua Chen · Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment · Separation Purification Tech- nology, 2004(38): 11-41
59. M Y A Mollah, et al · Fundamentals, Present and Future Perspectives of Electro-coagulation · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2004(B114): 199-210
60. Xueming Chen · High-Performance Electrodes for Wastewater Treatment · A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, August, 2002
61.陈雪明·电凝聚能耗分析与节能措施·水处理技术,1997,23(3):165-168
62. Vik E A et al · Electro-coagulation of Potable Water · Water Research, 1984(18): 1355-1360
63. Xueming Chen, Guohua Chen, Po Lock Yue · Investigation on the Electrolysis Voltage of Electro- coagulation · Chemical Engineering Science, 2002, 57: 2449-2455
64.陈雪明·电凝聚电解电压计算·上海环境科学,1997,16(10):27-28,41
2.隋智慧,秦煜民·油水分离技术的研究进展·油气田地面工程,2002,21(6):115-116
3.朱亦仁·环境污染治理技术·中国环境科学出版社,1998,12
4.佟玉衡·实用废水处理技术·化学工业出版社,1999,5
5.孙莉英,杨昌柱·含油废水处理技术进展·华中科技大学学报,2002,19(3):87-91
6.刘军·高效加压溶气气浮工艺·建材技术与应用,2001(3):25-26
7.王振欧,李慧敏·喷射溶气回流浮选工艺处理含油废水·化工环保,1997,17(1):19-23
8.陈水平·铁屑内电解法处理船舶含油废水的研究·水处理技术,1999,25(5):303-306
9.韩洪军·微电池滤床法处理含油废水·化工环保,2000,20(5):19-22
10.王承智,石荣·含油废水处理方法综述·辽宁师专学报,2002,4(1):104-108
11. Xinhua Xu, Xiangfeng Zhu·Treatment of Refectory Oily Wastewater by Electro-coagulation Process · Chemosphere, 2004(56): 889-894
12. Peter K Holt, Geoffrey W Barton, Mary Wark, Cynthia A Mitchell · A Quantitative Comparison between Chemical Dosing and Electro-coagulation · Colloids and Surfaces A, 2002(211): 233-248
13. Michael J Matteson et al · Electro-coagulation and Separation of Aqueous Suspensions of Ultra-fine Particles· Colloids and Surfaces A, 1995(104): 101-109
14. M Yousuf A Mollah, Robert Schennach, Jose R Parga, David L Cocke · Electro-coagulation(EC) ——Science and Applications · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2001(B84) 29-41
15. Guohua Chen, Xueming Chen, Po Lock Yue · Electro-coagulation and Electro-flotation of Restaurant Wastewater[J]·Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2000,(9): 858-863
16.潘怀玉,杨岳平,徐新华,汪大翠·电凝聚气浮法处理餐饮废水试验研究·云南环境科学,2001,9
17.王车礼等·电絮凝处理油田废水初步研究·油气田环境保护,2002,12(3):19-21
18.邓皓,王蓉沙·电絮凝浮选法处理含油废水实验·江汉石油学院学报,1994,3
19.陈希慧,王志江,黄初升,蔡民廷·电絮凝法处理纸业废水的研究·广西师范学院学报(自然科学版),2002,19(4):1-4
20. Jiantuan Ge, Jiuhui Qu, Pengju Lei, Huijuan Liu · New Bipolar Electro-coagulation Electroflotation Process for the Treatment of Laundry Wastewater · Separation Purification Technology, 2004, 36: 33-39
21.丁忠浩,卢寿慈·电凝聚法去除味精废水中悬浮物的机理及数学模型·中国粉体技术,2000,10
22.王三反,王文琴,刘义安,王岩·电凝聚除氟条件的研究·水处理技术,1990,16(4):298-303
23.彭海清,谭章荣,孟长再·电凝聚技术在水处理中的应用·化工技术经济,2002,2:30-32
24.李志华,吴晓珍·电气浮-二级生化法处理印染废水技术·环保科技,1995,17(2):3-7
25. Elgal G M · Recycling and Disposing of Dye-bath Solutions · Textile Chemist &Colorist, 1986, 18(5)
26.任惠萍·印染行业水污染治理技术浅析·干旱环境监测,1999,13(1):49-51
27.程太平,章家海·采用高压脉冲电絮凝法处理印染废水·安庆师范学院学报,2000,16(4):99,103
28.腾华妹·电凝聚.砂滤法处理制革染色废水[J]·环境科学与技术,1999(4):31-33
29. Lin S H, Peng C F · Continuous Treatment of Textile Wastewater by Combined Coagulation Electro- chemical Oxidation and Activated Sludge · Water Research, 1995, 30(3)
30.潘春玲等·电凝聚-二级生化-吸附工艺处理CLT酸废水·中国环境科学,2000,20(4):349-352
31.吴恬,官举德,胡海修·电凝聚微絮凝过滤法的试验研究·给水排水,1997,23(9):17-19
32.高良进,程岩法·高压脉冲电凝聚浮上法处理印染废水·环境污染与防治,1992,14(5):10-13
33.熊方文·脉冲电解处理工业废水技术·工业水处理,1990,10(2):10-11
34.王志江·电絮凝法与电催化氧化法去除纸业废水中有色有机物的研究·广西大学硕士毕业论文,2003,3
35.李亚新·国外印染废水的电化学处理·给水排水,1999,25(7)
36.李勇等·阳极材料对废水电化学处理能耗和净化效果的影响·环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(8):39-42
37. Jinping Jia et al · Treat of Dying Wastewater with ACF Electrode[J] · Water Research, 1999, 33(3): 881-884
38.熊英健·三维电极电化学水处理技术研究现状及方向[J]·工业水处理,1998,18(1):5-8
39.朱宏丽·三元电极电解在水处理中的应用[J]·环境科学,1985,6(6):36-40
40.李长海·导流电凝聚法脱除印染废水的特性研究·化工环保,1999,19(5):264-267
41.何晓莉,王志盈,袁林江·管式电凝聚法处理印染废水COD的特性研究·给水排水,2000,26(5)
42.董晓丹,王恩德,王晨翼·用电凝聚装置去除废水中重金属离子·安全与环境学报,2002,2
43.杨岳平,汪大翠·电凝聚-电气浮废水处理装置·中国专利,1999,11,24
44. N Adhoum, L Monser, N Bellakhal, J-E Belgaied · Treatment of Electroplating Wastewater Containing Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+) and Cr~(6+) by Electro-coagulation · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2004(B112): 207-213
45.杨岳平,宋爽·电絮凝法处理毛纺染色废水·环境保护,2000,8:19-20
46.王爱民等·电化学方法治理含染料废水的现状与进展·工业水处理,2001,21(8):4-7
47.丁忠浩·味精废水治理技术研究与工业实践·北京科技大学博士学位论文,2000,10
48. L Sanchez Calvo, Jean-Pierre Leclerc, et al · An Electro-coagulation Unit for the Purification of Soluble Oil Wastes of High COD · Environmental Progress, 2003, 4, 22(1): 57-65
49. O Larue, E Vorobiev, C Vu, B Durand · Electro-coagulation and Coagulation by Iron of Latex Particles in Aqueous Suspensions · Separation Purification Technology, 2003(31): 177-192
50. M Kobya, O TanerCan, M Bayramoglu · Treatment of Textile Wastewaters by Electro-coagulation Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2003(B100): 163-178
51.王果庭·胶体稳定性·科学出版社,1990
52.王毅力,汤鸿霄·气浮净水技术研究及进展·环境科学进展,1999,7(6):94-103
53.赵济强·高压脉冲电凝系统治理电镀涂装废水·材料保护,2003,36(3):51-53
54.许保玖,龙腾锐·当代给水与废水处理原理·高等教育出版社,1999,12
55. K Fukushi, N Tambo, Y Matsui · A Kinetic Model for Dissolved Air Flotation in Water and Wastewater Treatment · Water Science Technology, 1995, 31(3-4): 37-47
56. K Edzwald · Principles and Applications of Dissolved Air Flotation · Water Science Technology, 1995, 31(3-4): 1-23
57. P K Holt, G W Barton, C A Mitchell · The Future for Electro-coagulation as a Localized Water Treatment Technology · Chemosphere, 2005(59): 355-367
58. Guohua Chen · Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment · Separation Purification Tech- nology, 2004(38): 11-41
59. M Y A Mollah, et al · Fundamentals, Present and Future Perspectives of Electro-coagulation · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2004(B114): 199-210
60. Xueming Chen · High-Performance Electrodes for Wastewater Treatment · A Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, August, 2002
61.陈雪明·电凝聚能耗分析与节能措施·水处理技术,1997,23(3):165-168
62. Vik E A et al · Electro-coagulation of Potable Water · Water Research, 1984(18): 1355-1360
63. Xueming Chen, Guohua Chen, Po Lock Yue · Investigation on the Electrolysis Voltage of Electro- coagulation · Chemical Engineering Science, 2002, 57: 2449-2455
64.陈雪明·电凝聚电解电压计算·上海环境科学,1997,16(10):27-28,41