微电解处理高浓度印染废水的试验研究
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摘要
印染废水是我国工业污水的排放大户，废水具有排放量大、脱色困难、有机物浓度高、成份复杂和难生化降解等特点。在处理技术上，由于印染废水中以有机污染物为主要污染物，所以以生化法为主，绝大部分印染厂采用了物化-生化的组合处理工艺，通过物理化学的方法(格栅拦截、投加絮凝剂以及电解气浮等工艺)去除部分色度和有机污染物，然后通过生物处理单元进一步处理，使出水达到排放标准。整个处理工艺流程长、费用高，处理效果不理想，达标排放困难。因此对印染废水的治理技术进行研究具有重要意义。
论文综述了印染废水的来源，水质特点和目前处理印染废水的主要工艺。提出了微电解预处理印染废水的工艺技术。主要研究内容和结论如下：
(1)采用正交试验和单因素分析试验的方法分析得出微电解处理印染废水的最佳处理工艺条件为：pH值5；曝气量0.4L／min；铁炭质量比2：1；反应时间60min。
(2)通过设计的对比试验对微电解法处理印染废水的原理进行研究，结果显示微电解处理印染废水的机理是集合絮凝、过滤吸附、氧化还原、电附集等为一体的综合作用。
(3)对试验数据进行多项式拟合，得到微电解降解印染废水COD_(Cr)的方程为：Y=1281.57253-33.76598X+0.40631X~2-0.00148X~3。
(4)结合膜生物反应器(MBR)提出了微电解-膜生物反应器组合工艺处理印染废水的新工艺。微电解-膜生物反应器组合工艺处理印染废水效果稳定，处理后，平均出水色度值为7倍，平均出水COD_(Cr)浓度79.2mg／L。能达到印染行业污水一级排放标准。
Printing and dyeing wastewater is a big one in our country industrial wastewater. It's characteristics include difficulty to remove color , high organic concentration, complex constituent and hard to treat with bio-treatment. Because the wastewater is mainly polluted by the organic matter, the most popular treatment way is bio-treatment. The printing and dyeing plants wastewater treatment process is physical chemistry-biologic chemistry. The process removes the most color and some organic contamination by physical chemistry way (heading off by bar, using flocculants and electrolysis air flotation), then treats by biology to make the effluent meets the release standard. The process isn't a ideal one because of its high cost and long process, so it's important to research a new way to treat the wastewater.
The paper summarizes the sources of printing and dyeing wastewater, the water's qualities characteristics and the popular treatment process. The main clusions are as below:
(1) Research on the most influence factors shows the optimum conditions are: pH value was 5, air volume of blowing was 0.4 L/ min, the weight ratio of iron to carbon was 2 : 1, and reaction time was 60 min.
(2) Researching the principle of micro electrolysis degraded the wastewater. From the research we know the principle involves oxidation-reduction, flocculation, electro-enrichment, and filtration-adsorption.
(3) From the experience data analysis, the equation of COD_(Cr) degradation with micro-electrolysis is Y=1281.57253-33.76598X+0.40631X~2-0.00148X~3.
(4 ) It proposaled a new technological process of combining MBR(Membrane bio-reactor) named micro-electrolysis-MBR process to treat printing and dyeing wastewater. That process got an excellent achieve in the experience. After the process treatment, the average effluence water color is 5, and the COD_(Cr) 79.2mg/L. That accords with the wastewater release standard (I ) of printing and dyeing.
论文综述了印染废水的来源，水质特点和目前处理印染废水的主要工艺。提出了微电解预处理印染废水的工艺技术。主要研究内容和结论如下：
(1)采用正交试验和单因素分析试验的方法分析得出微电解处理印染废水的最佳处理工艺条件为：pH值5；曝气量0.4L／min；铁炭质量比2：1；反应时间60min。
(2)通过设计的对比试验对微电解法处理印染废水的原理进行研究，结果显示微电解处理印染废水的机理是集合絮凝、过滤吸附、氧化还原、电附集等为一体的综合作用。
(3)对试验数据进行多项式拟合，得到微电解降解印染废水COD_(Cr)的方程为：Y=1281.57253-33.76598X+0.40631X~2-0.00148X~3。
(4)结合膜生物反应器(MBR)提出了微电解-膜生物反应器组合工艺处理印染废水的新工艺。微电解-膜生物反应器组合工艺处理印染废水效果稳定，处理后，平均出水色度值为7倍，平均出水COD_(Cr)浓度79.2mg／L。能达到印染行业污水一级排放标准。
Printing and dyeing wastewater is a big one in our country industrial wastewater. It's characteristics include difficulty to remove color , high organic concentration, complex constituent and hard to treat with bio-treatment. Because the wastewater is mainly polluted by the organic matter, the most popular treatment way is bio-treatment. The printing and dyeing plants wastewater treatment process is physical chemistry-biologic chemistry. The process removes the most color and some organic contamination by physical chemistry way (heading off by bar, using flocculants and electrolysis air flotation), then treats by biology to make the effluent meets the release standard. The process isn't a ideal one because of its high cost and long process, so it's important to research a new way to treat the wastewater.
The paper summarizes the sources of printing and dyeing wastewater, the water's qualities characteristics and the popular treatment process. The main clusions are as below:
(1) Research on the most influence factors shows the optimum conditions are: pH value was 5, air volume of blowing was 0.4 L/ min, the weight ratio of iron to carbon was 2 : 1, and reaction time was 60 min.
(2) Researching the principle of micro electrolysis degraded the wastewater. From the research we know the principle involves oxidation-reduction, flocculation, electro-enrichment, and filtration-adsorption.
(3) From the experience data analysis, the equation of COD_(Cr) degradation with micro-electrolysis is Y=1281.57253-33.76598X+0.40631X~2-0.00148X~3.
(4 ) It proposaled a new technological process of combining MBR(Membrane bio-reactor) named micro-electrolysis-MBR process to treat printing and dyeing wastewater. That process got an excellent achieve in the experience. After the process treatment, the average effluence water color is 5, and the COD_(Cr) 79.2mg/L. That accords with the wastewater release standard (I ) of printing and dyeing.
引文
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[3]李旭东，杨俊仕，李国欣，等．活性污泥-接触氧化处理印染废水[J]．环境工程，2003，21(1)：21～22
[4]何云芳，朱建荣．推流式曝气增氧活性污泥法处理针织漂染废水[J]．给水排水，2002，28(6)：32～34
[5]Tizaoui, C.,Ward, D.B., Slater, M.J. Wastewater dye destruction using ozone-loaded Volasil~(TM) 245 in a continuous flow liquid-liquid/ozone system[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2006, 45(2):124～39
[6]Sakkayawong, Niramol,Thiravetyan, Paitip, Nakbanpote, Woranan. Adsorption mechanism of synthetic reactive dye wastewater by chitosan[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 2005,286(1):36～42
[7]Hu, Husheng,Yang, Mingde, Dang, Jie.Treatment of strong acid dye wastewater by solvent extraction[J]. Separation and Purification Technology. 2005, 42(2):129～136
[8]Zeybek, Z.,Alpbaz, M.Fuzzy-dynamic matrix pH control for treatment of dye wastewater plant Source: Proceedings[J]. Sixth International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications, 2005:118～123
[9]Yamashita, T., Yamamoto-Ikemoto, R., Sakurai, E.Treatment of dye works wastewater using anaerobic-oxic biological filter reactor packed with carbon fibre and aerated with micro-bubbles[J]. Water Science and Technology.2006,53(11):151～161
[10]王有乐，张庆芳，期明亮．微电解-炉渣吸附工艺处理印染废水研究和工程实践[J]．给水排水，2002，28(4)：34～36
[11]贾和平．水解与接触氧化工艺处理印染废水[J]．工业安全与环保，2003，29(9)：10～12
[12]温学友，张燕君，杨景亮．接触氧化-电解工艺处理印染废水[J]．环境工程，2003，21(4)：18～19
[13]罗道成，易平贵，刘俊峰．印染废水处理工艺改进的应用研究[J]．环境工程，2002，20(3)：14～15
[14]Andrade, Leonardo S.,Ruotolo, Luis Augusto M.,Rocha-Filho, Romeu C.,Bocchi, Nerilso,Biaggio, Sonia R., Iniesta, Jesns,Garcia-Garcia, Vicente; Montiel, Vicente. On the performance of Fe and Fe,F doped Ti-Pt/PbO2 electrodes in the electrooxidation of the Blue Reactive 19 dye in simulated textile wastewater. On the performance of Fe and Fe,F doped Ti-Pt/PbO2 electrodes in the electrooxidation of the Blue Reactive 19 dye in simulated textile wastewater[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 66(11):2035～2043
[15]Zumin Qiu,Yunbing He,Xiaocheng Liu,Shuxian YuCatalytie oxidation of the dye wastewater with hydrogen peroxide[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2005,44(9):1013～1017
[16]Chen, Chun-Yun,Wang, Peng; Zhuang, Yuan-Yi.Dye removal from wastewater using the adsorbent developed from sewage sludge[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2005, 17(6):1018～1021
[17]Shen, Y.-S., Wang, D.-K.Development of photoreactor design equation for the treatment of dye wastewater by UV/H202 process[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials.2002,89(2-3):p 267～277
[18]Fongsatitkul, P., Elefsiniotis, P.; Boonyanitchakul, B. Treatment of a textile dye wastewater by an electrochemical process[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health-Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering. 2006,41(7): 1183～1195
[19]Martins, Ayrton F. (Departamento de Quimica, UFSM); Wilde, Marcelo L.; Da Silveira, Carla. Photocatalytic degradation of brilliant red dye and textile wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health-Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering.2006,41(4):675～685
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