彩色显微图像处理及其应用
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摘要
随着信息技术的高速发展，细微结构信息的研究已经成为一个十分重要的课题。本文以激光共焦扫描显微镜系统(LCSM)和数码显微镜为研究对象，对彩色显微图像处理及其应用这一课题展开研究和讨论的。
文中首先简要介绍了显微镜的发展史和国内外LCSM系统的发展现状，分析了激光共焦扫描原理和成像特性。其次，论述了基于Windows平台的视频捕捉技术研究并将其应用于显微图像采集。第三，讨论了彩色图像滤波、边缘检测和图像分割等的国内外最新成果，提出了一些关于彩色显微图像处理的方法，形成了较为完善的彩色显微图像处理技术。第四，探讨了彩色显微图像输入中光学系统的误差及其消除方法，并结合实际需求，研究了图像中不规则轮廓区域面积的测量方法。最后，编写了一套彩色显微图像处理软件，用于LCSM系统和数码显微镜的图像采集和处理。
总之，本文对彩色显微图像处理进行了全面的论述，并编写了全部应用程序，生成了彩色显微图像处理应用软件。
With the fast development of information technology, microscopic structure has become the key-researching problem all around the world. In this paper, we aim at the subject of color microscopic image processing and its applications obtained by the Laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM) and Digital Microscope.
First, the development of the microscope and the LCSM in domestic and board are summarized. Then the study on technique of video capture based on windows platform is discussed, and applies it to collect the microscopic image. The Third, color image filter, edge detection of color image and segmentation for color image are considered, and some color microscopic image processing technologies and the integrated processing of color microscopic image are described. The forth, error analysis and elimination of optical system in color microscopic image input and the methods of area measurement for the irregular region in the digital image are discussed. Finally, a set of color microscopic image software to collect and process the image of the LCSM and Digital Microscope is designed.
In conclusion, we discuss the technique of color microscopic image processing in the round and design the whole system software of the color microscopic image.
文中首先简要介绍了显微镜的发展史和国内外LCSM系统的发展现状，分析了激光共焦扫描原理和成像特性。其次，论述了基于Windows平台的视频捕捉技术研究并将其应用于显微图像采集。第三，讨论了彩色图像滤波、边缘检测和图像分割等的国内外最新成果，提出了一些关于彩色显微图像处理的方法，形成了较为完善的彩色显微图像处理技术。第四，探讨了彩色显微图像输入中光学系统的误差及其消除方法，并结合实际需求，研究了图像中不规则轮廓区域面积的测量方法。最后，编写了一套彩色显微图像处理软件，用于LCSM系统和数码显微镜的图像采集和处理。
总之，本文对彩色显微图像处理进行了全面的论述，并编写了全部应用程序，生成了彩色显微图像处理应用软件。
With the fast development of information technology, microscopic structure has become the key-researching problem all around the world. In this paper, we aim at the subject of color microscopic image processing and its applications obtained by the Laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM) and Digital Microscope.
First, the development of the microscope and the LCSM in domestic and board are summarized. Then the study on technique of video capture based on windows platform is discussed, and applies it to collect the microscopic image. The Third, color image filter, edge detection of color image and segmentation for color image are considered, and some color microscopic image processing technologies and the integrated processing of color microscopic image are described. The forth, error analysis and elimination of optical system in color microscopic image input and the methods of area measurement for the irregular region in the digital image are discussed. Finally, a set of color microscopic image software to collect and process the image of the LCSM and Digital Microscope is designed.
In conclusion, we discuss the technique of color microscopic image processing in the round and design the whole system software of the color microscopic image.
引文
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22 张艳珍，巩玉国，欧宗瑛，袁野．基于Windows平台的视频捕捉技术研究．计算机工程与设计．Vol．23．No．3．2002：10-12
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1996(5):868-880
30 Karakos D G, Tranias P E. Combining vector median and vector directional filters. Proc of IEEE Int Conf On Image Processing95. 1995(1):171-174
31 Plataniotis K N, Androutsos D, Venetsanopoulous A N. Content - based color image filters. Electonics Letters. 1997(33):203-212
32 Plataniotis K N, Androutsos D, Sri V, er al. Nearest-neighhourmultichannel filter. Electonics Letters. 1995(31):1910-1911
33 Trahanias P E, Pitas I, Venetsanopoulous A N. Color image processing. In C T Leondoes, ed. Control dynamic systems. 1994(67):45-90
34 Machuca R, Phillips K. Applications of vector fields to image processing. IEEE Trans. PAMI. 1983(5):316-329
35 Astola J, Haavisto P, Neuvo Y. Vector median filter. Processing of IEEE. 1990(78):678-689
36 Buchowicz A, Pitas I. Multidimensional distance filters. Proc of IEEE Int Conf on Image Processing 94. 1994(2):575-579
37 B Smolka, A chydzinskl, K W Wojciechowski. On the reduction of impulsive noise in multichannel image processing. Optical Engineering. Vol. 40. No. 6. 2001:902-908
38 A N Venetsanopoulos, K N Plataniotis. Multichannel image processing. in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal/Image Processing. 1995(1):2-6
39 I Pitas, A N Venetsanopoulos. Vector directional filters:a new class of multi-channel image processing filters. Proc. IEEE. Vol. 80. No. 12. 1992:1893-1923
40 K N Plataniotis, D Androutsos, A N Venetsanopoulos. Colour image processing using fuzzy vecto directional filters. In Proc. IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal/Image Processing. 1995:535-538
41 K N Plataniotis, D Androutsos, V Sri, A N Venetsanopoulos. Color image processing using adaptive multichannel filtering.IEEE Trans. Image Process. Vol. 7. No. 6. 1997:933-949
42 Machuca R, Philips K. Application of Vector Field to Image Processing. IEEE Trans. PAMI. 1983(5):316-329
43 I Pitas, Venetsanopoulous A N. Order Statistics in Digital Image Processing. In:Proceeding of the IEEE. 1992:1893-1921
44 朱宏擎，经致远，林良明，颜国正．医学彩色图像边缘检测方法的研究．中国医疗器械杂志．Vol．23．No．2．1999．83-85，
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46 Tajima J. Uniform color scale application to computer graphics. Computer Vision, Graphic, and Image rocessing. Vol. 21. No. 3. 1983:305-325
47 G J Klinker. A Physical Approach to Color Image Understanding. International Journal of Computer Vision. Vol. 21. No. 4. 1990:7-78
48 吕明忠，罗鹏，高敦岳．一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘方法．华东理工大学学报．Vol．27．No．55．2001：61-564
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50 潘晨．阈值分割与颜色聚类相结合的色度学图象分割方法．计算机应用研究．2001(12)：53-56
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2 Lichtman J W．共焦显微术．科学．1994(12)：30-35
3 夏良正主编．数字图像处理．第一版．南京：东南大学出版社．1999
4 章毓晋．图像处理和分析．第2版．北京：清华大学出版社．1999
5 朱志刚，石定机等译．数字图像处理．第1版．北京：电子工业出版社．1998
6 何斌，马天予，王运坚，朱红莲．Visual C++数字图像处理．第1版．北京：人民邮电出版社．2001
7 余松煜，周源华，吴时光．数字图像处理．北京：电子工业出版社．1989
8 刘峰．现代光学显微成像和图像处理技术．博士学位论文．南京理工大学．1997
9 陆建峰．图像处理和模式识别技术研究及其在生物医学工程中的应用．博士学位论文．南京理工大学．1997
10 郝禄国．显微图像处理和三维图像重构的研究．硕士学位论文．南京理工大学．1998
11 黄琳．激光共焦扫描光学显微镜软件系统的研究与实现．硕士学位论文．南京理工大学．2000
12 丁敬峰．显微图像处理及毛纺纤维直径的检测．硕士学位论文．南京理工大学．2001
13 T Wilson. Image of phase edges in conventional and optical microscope. Applied Optics. Vol. 20. No. 18. 1981:3238-3244
14 C J R Sheppard, A Choudhury. Image formation in the scanning microscope. OPTICAL ACTA. Vol. 24. No.10. 1977:1051-1073
15 于彦华，刑达．激光共焦扫描显微镜及其在生物医学中的应用．激光杂志．Vol．20．No．6．1999：35-38
16 陈耀文等．激光共焦扫描显微镜及其在细胞生物学中的应用．激光生物学报．1998(7)：131-134
17 Born M Wolf. Principles of Optics. Pergamon Press. Oxford England. 1980:180
18 田明丽，包正康．激光共焦扫描显微镜及其应用．光学仪器．Vol．23．No．1．2001：16-19
19 胡茂海，陶纯堪，卞松龄等．VC++环境下激光共焦扫描显微镜的成像实现．应用光学．Vol．22．No．1．2001：27-29
20 高万荣，陶纯堪．共焦扫描显微镜的高分辨率力．光学技术．Vol．25．No．3．1999：4-7
21 孙济宇，张秀彬，江凌云．Windows下实时图像捕获的两种方法．开发应用．Vol．16．No．5．2000：40-43
22 张艳珍，巩玉国，欧宗瑛，袁野．基于Windows平台的视频捕捉技术研究．计算机工程与设计．Vol．23．No．3．2002：10-12
23 赵军，平西建，肖永隆．视频信号的捕获采集编程．信息过程大学学报．Vol．2．No．4．2001：46-49
24 石章松，张洪向．用C++Builder开发视频捕获程序．微型电脑应用．Vol．18．No．4．2002：55-57
25 王伯胜，宋凯，刘丽瑶．数字图像技术在显微图像处理中的应用．沈阳工业大学学报．Vol．24．No．3．2002：233-236
26 蒋刚毅，郁梅，郁伯康．自适应彩色图像滤波新方法．科学通报．Vol．44．No．18．1999: 1937-1942
27 Zhiqian Wang, K R Rao, J BenArie. Optimal Ramp Edge Detection Using Expansion atching. IEEE Trans. On AMI. Vol. 18. No. 11. 1996:1092-1097
28 Trahanias P E, Venetsanopoulos A N. Vector directional filter-A proposed class of multichannel image processing filters. IEEE Trans. Image Processing. 1993(2):528-534
29 Trahanias P E, Pitas I, Venetsanopoulos A N. Directional processing of color image:Theory and experimental results. IEEE Trans. Image Processing.
1996(5):868-880
30 Karakos D G, Tranias P E. Combining vector median and vector directional filters. Proc of IEEE Int Conf On Image Processing95. 1995(1):171-174
31 Plataniotis K N, Androutsos D, Venetsanopoulous A N. Content - based color image filters. Electonics Letters. 1997(33):203-212
32 Plataniotis K N, Androutsos D, Sri V, er al. Nearest-neighhourmultichannel filter. Electonics Letters. 1995(31):1910-1911
33 Trahanias P E, Pitas I, Venetsanopoulous A N. Color image processing. In C T Leondoes, ed. Control dynamic systems. 1994(67):45-90
34 Machuca R, Phillips K. Applications of vector fields to image processing. IEEE Trans. PAMI. 1983(5):316-329
35 Astola J, Haavisto P, Neuvo Y. Vector median filter. Processing of IEEE. 1990(78):678-689
36 Buchowicz A, Pitas I. Multidimensional distance filters. Proc of IEEE Int Conf on Image Processing 94. 1994(2):575-579
37 B Smolka, A chydzinskl, K W Wojciechowski. On the reduction of impulsive noise in multichannel image processing. Optical Engineering. Vol. 40. No. 6. 2001:902-908
38 A N Venetsanopoulos, K N Plataniotis. Multichannel image processing. in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal/Image Processing. 1995(1):2-6
39 I Pitas, A N Venetsanopoulos. Vector directional filters:a new class of multi-channel image processing filters. Proc. IEEE. Vol. 80. No. 12. 1992:1893-1923
40 K N Plataniotis, D Androutsos, A N Venetsanopoulos. Colour image processing using fuzzy vecto directional filters. In Proc. IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal/Image Processing. 1995:535-538
41 K N Plataniotis, D Androutsos, V Sri, A N Venetsanopoulos. Color image processing using adaptive multichannel filtering.IEEE Trans. Image Process. Vol. 7. No. 6. 1997:933-949
42 Machuca R, Philips K. Application of Vector Field to Image Processing. IEEE Trans. PAMI. 1983(5):316-329
43 I Pitas, Venetsanopoulous A N. Order Statistics in Digital Image Processing. In:Proceeding of the IEEE. 1992:1893-1921
44 朱宏擎，经致远，林良明，颜国正．医学彩色图像边缘检测方法的研究．中国医疗器械杂志．Vol．23．No．2．1999．83-85，
45 Shen J. An optimal linear operator for edgedetection. Proceeding IEEE Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition Cong. 1986:109-114
46 Tajima J. Uniform color scale application to computer graphics. Computer Vision, Graphic, and Image rocessing. Vol. 21. No. 3. 1983:305-325
47 G J Klinker. A Physical Approach to Color Image Understanding. International Journal of Computer Vision. Vol. 21. No. 4. 1990:7-78
48 吕明忠，罗鹏，高敦岳．一种基于色差的彩色图像的边缘方法．华东理工大学学报．Vol．27．No．55．2001：61-564
49 魏宝刚，李向阳，鲁东明，潘云鹤．彩色图像分割研究进展．计算机科学．Vol．26．No．4．1999：59-62
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