土壤源热泵系统地理管换热器优化设计
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摘要
随着经济的发展以及人们环保意识的提高,建筑领域中降低空调采暖系统能耗和污染的研究越来越受到重视,地源热泵系统作为一种节能环保的空调系统已受到人们关注。
本文对地源热泵系统的负荷理论计算和地埋管换热器的设计进行了比较详细的分析与讨论。
首先,准确的建筑物负荷计算是地埋管换热器设计计算的基础,文中介绍了建筑物负荷计算的方法和应用计算软件。并应用地热之星软件对实际工程的逐时负荷进行累加处理,得到地埋管换热器的累计负荷。
其次,通过比较地埋管换热器的布置形式,分析了影响地埋管换热器传热的各种因素。
第三,建立了基于价值工程分析方法的地埋管换热器的技术经济分析模型,从固定钻孔深度和钻孔个数等方面分析计算了单U25管、单U32管、双U25管和双U32管四种地埋管方案的价值指数,并得出结论：单U型式埋管随钻孔费用的增加其价值系数变小,双U型式埋管反之；钻孔费用和水泵运行费用是影响价值系数的重要因素；双U管通常适用于钻孔费用高、埋管面积紧张的场合：埋管型式的价值系数同钻孔设计深度有较大的联系,双U25型式埋管具有较高的价值系数,是最佳方案；单U25型式埋管的价值系数最低,是最劣方案。
文中还以实际工程从计算到施工图进行了讨论和分析,说明双U25管在实际工程中应用的可行性。
With the development of economy and the increase of people's consciousness of environmental protection, more and more attention has been paid to reducing the energy consumption and pollution of heating and air conditioning in buildings. The Ground-Source Heat Pump systems, as an energy conservation and environment friendly technology, get more and more attention of people.
The thesis gives detailed analysis and discussion on the real style design of geothermal heat exchangers by theoretical load computation.
First, the accurate building load consumption is the foundation of the GHE designing. This thesis introduces methods of the building load computation and the software that using computer technology to simulate. To get the load that put into GHE, we cumulate sum the hourly building load by the software "GeoStar".
Second, this thesis analyses the different kinds of factors which affect heating of geothermal heat exchangers by comparing their styles of arrangement.
Third, an economic and technical analysis model of the geothermal heat exchangers is built up based on the value engineering. Independently on two conditions of the ideal design, the faxed borehole quantities and the thesis has computed value coefficients of the four buried pipe styles, and pointed out that the value coefficients of the single U-tube is decreasing with the drilling cost increasing, and on the contrary to the double U-tube configurations. Drilling cost and circulating cost are two important factors influencing the value coefficients. Usually the double U-tube is suitable for those districts where the drilling cost is high, or installation ground is limited. The value coefficients of U-tube pipe styles are linked with the bore design depth. Hastily ascertained borehole depth influences the economics and technology. Owing to smaller borehole design length and lower circulating cost, double De25, U-tube pipe style has the highest value coefficient, and is the best scheme; on the contrast, single De25 U-bend pipe style has the lowest value coefficient, and is the worst scheme.
The essay also discusses and analyzes the period from calculation to construction drawing of practical projects, by which illustrates the feasiblity of the application of the due U25 pipe in actual engineerings.
本文对地源热泵系统的负荷理论计算和地埋管换热器的设计进行了比较详细的分析与讨论。
首先,准确的建筑物负荷计算是地埋管换热器设计计算的基础,文中介绍了建筑物负荷计算的方法和应用计算软件。并应用地热之星软件对实际工程的逐时负荷进行累加处理,得到地埋管换热器的累计负荷。
其次,通过比较地埋管换热器的布置形式,分析了影响地埋管换热器传热的各种因素。
第三,建立了基于价值工程分析方法的地埋管换热器的技术经济分析模型,从固定钻孔深度和钻孔个数等方面分析计算了单U25管、单U32管、双U25管和双U32管四种地埋管方案的价值指数,并得出结论：单U型式埋管随钻孔费用的增加其价值系数变小,双U型式埋管反之；钻孔费用和水泵运行费用是影响价值系数的重要因素；双U管通常适用于钻孔费用高、埋管面积紧张的场合：埋管型式的价值系数同钻孔设计深度有较大的联系,双U25型式埋管具有较高的价值系数,是最佳方案；单U25型式埋管的价值系数最低,是最劣方案。
文中还以实际工程从计算到施工图进行了讨论和分析,说明双U25管在实际工程中应用的可行性。
With the development of economy and the increase of people's consciousness of environmental protection, more and more attention has been paid to reducing the energy consumption and pollution of heating and air conditioning in buildings. The Ground-Source Heat Pump systems, as an energy conservation and environment friendly technology, get more and more attention of people.
The thesis gives detailed analysis and discussion on the real style design of geothermal heat exchangers by theoretical load computation.
First, the accurate building load consumption is the foundation of the GHE designing. This thesis introduces methods of the building load computation and the software that using computer technology to simulate. To get the load that put into GHE, we cumulate sum the hourly building load by the software "GeoStar".
Second, this thesis analyses the different kinds of factors which affect heating of geothermal heat exchangers by comparing their styles of arrangement.
Third, an economic and technical analysis model of the geothermal heat exchangers is built up based on the value engineering. Independently on two conditions of the ideal design, the faxed borehole quantities and the thesis has computed value coefficients of the four buried pipe styles, and pointed out that the value coefficients of the single U-tube is decreasing with the drilling cost increasing, and on the contrary to the double U-tube configurations. Drilling cost and circulating cost are two important factors influencing the value coefficients. Usually the double U-tube is suitable for those districts where the drilling cost is high, or installation ground is limited. The value coefficients of U-tube pipe styles are linked with the bore design depth. Hastily ascertained borehole depth influences the economics and technology. Owing to smaller borehole design length and lower circulating cost, double De25, U-tube pipe style has the highest value coefficient, and is the best scheme; on the contrast, single De25 U-bend pipe style has the lowest value coefficient, and is the worst scheme.
The essay also discusses and analyzes the period from calculation to construction drawing of practical projects, by which illustrates the feasiblity of the application of the due U25 pipe in actual engineerings.
引文
[1]GB 50155--2003采暖通风与空气调节术语标准[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[2]李琴云,刁乃仁,方肇洪,美国开式回路地源热泵利用地下水的若干规定[J].节能与环保,2003
[3]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地埋管地源热泵技术[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006
[4]刁乃仁.地热换热器的传热问题研究及其工程应用[D].北京：清华大学,博士论文.2005
[5]Bose J E, Parker J D and McQuiston F C. Design/data manual for closed-loop ground coupled heat pump systems [J]. Oklahoma State University for ASHRAE,1985
[6]陈卫翠,李旻,刁乃仁,方肇洪.竖直埋管地热换热器的设计和参数分析[J].中国建设信息供热制冷,2006
[7]陈卫翠.地埋管换热器增强传热的研究[D].济南：山东建筑大学,硕士学位论文.2006
[8]赵荣义,范存养,薛殿华,钱以明.空气调节[M].北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[9]江亿主编.建筑环境系统模拟分析方法—DEST[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1996
[10]崔萍.地热换热器的传热模型及设计计算[D].山东建筑工程学院硕士论文,2002
[11]Bose J E. Geothermal Heat Pumps Introductory Guide [M]. Oklahoma State University Ground Source Heat Pump Publications,1997
[12]李新国,汪洪军,赵军等.不同回填材料对U型垂直埋管换热性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003
[13]Diao Nairen, Zeng Heyi and Fang Zhaohong. Improvement on modeling of heat transfer in vertical ground heat exchangers [J]. International Journal of HVAC&R Research,2004
[14]范军,刁乃仁,方肇洪.竖直U型埋地换热器两支管间热量回流的分析[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2004
[15]方肇洪,刁乃仁.地热换热器的传热分析[J].建筑热能通风空调,2004
[16]李新国,汪洪军,赵军等.不同回填材料对U型垂直埋管换热性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003
[17]Diao Nairen, Zeng Heyi and Fang Zhaohong. Improvement on modeling of heat transfer in vertical ground heat exchangers[J]. International Journal of HVAC&R Research,2004
[18]于明志,方肇洪.现场测试地下岩土平均热物性参数方法[J].热能动力工程,2002
[19]中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50366—2005.地源热泵系统工程技术规范[S].北京：中国建筑出版社,2005
[20]陈锡璞,工程经济[M],机械工业出版社.1999
[21]Caneta Research Inc.地源热泵工程技术指南[M].徐伟.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[22]曲云霞,张林华,方肇洪,地源热泵系统辅助散热设备及其经济性能[J].可再生能源,2003
[23]曲云霞,方肇洪,张林华,李安桂,太阳能辅助供暖的地源热泵经济性分析[J].研究与实验,2003
[24]方肇洪,地源热泵技术集成及其推广应用[J].通用机械,2004
[25]曾和义,刁乃仁,方肇洪,竖直埋管地热换热器钻孔内的热阻[J].煤气与热力,2003
[2]李琴云,刁乃仁,方肇洪,美国开式回路地源热泵利用地下水的若干规定[J].节能与环保,2003
[3]刁乃仁,方肇洪.地埋管地源热泵技术[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006
[4]刁乃仁.地热换热器的传热问题研究及其工程应用[D].北京：清华大学,博士论文.2005
[5]Bose J E, Parker J D and McQuiston F C. Design/data manual for closed-loop ground coupled heat pump systems [J]. Oklahoma State University for ASHRAE,1985
[6]陈卫翠,李旻,刁乃仁,方肇洪.竖直埋管地热换热器的设计和参数分析[J].中国建设信息供热制冷,2006
[7]陈卫翠.地埋管换热器增强传热的研究[D].济南：山东建筑大学,硕士学位论文.2006
[8]赵荣义,范存养,薛殿华,钱以明.空气调节[M].北京,中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[9]江亿主编.建筑环境系统模拟分析方法—DEST[M].中国建筑工业出版社,1996
[10]崔萍.地热换热器的传热模型及设计计算[D].山东建筑工程学院硕士论文,2002
[11]Bose J E. Geothermal Heat Pumps Introductory Guide [M]. Oklahoma State University Ground Source Heat Pump Publications,1997
[12]李新国,汪洪军,赵军等.不同回填材料对U型垂直埋管换热性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003
[13]Diao Nairen, Zeng Heyi and Fang Zhaohong. Improvement on modeling of heat transfer in vertical ground heat exchangers [J]. International Journal of HVAC&R Research,2004
[14]范军,刁乃仁,方肇洪.竖直U型埋地换热器两支管间热量回流的分析[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2004
[15]方肇洪,刁乃仁.地热换热器的传热分析[J].建筑热能通风空调,2004
[16]李新国,汪洪军,赵军等.不同回填材料对U型垂直埋管换热性能的影响[J].太阳能学报,2003
[17]Diao Nairen, Zeng Heyi and Fang Zhaohong. Improvement on modeling of heat transfer in vertical ground heat exchangers[J]. International Journal of HVAC&R Research,2004
[18]于明志,方肇洪.现场测试地下岩土平均热物性参数方法[J].热能动力工程,2002
[19]中华人民共和国建设部.GB 50366—2005.地源热泵系统工程技术规范[S].北京：中国建筑出版社,2005
[20]陈锡璞,工程经济[M],机械工业出版社.1999
[21]Caneta Research Inc.地源热泵工程技术指南[M].徐伟.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[22]曲云霞,张林华,方肇洪,地源热泵系统辅助散热设备及其经济性能[J].可再生能源,2003
[23]曲云霞,方肇洪,张林华,李安桂,太阳能辅助供暖的地源热泵经济性分析[J].研究与实验,2003
[24]方肇洪,地源热泵技术集成及其推广应用[J].通用机械,2004
[25]曾和义,刁乃仁,方肇洪,竖直埋管地热换热器钻孔内的热阻[J].煤气与热力,2003