4V-105柴油机连杆有限元分析与优化设计
摘要
柴油机连杆在工作中承受复杂的载何,对连杆的机械性能要求较高,连杆应该具有足够的抗疲劳强度和结构强度,同时质量应该尽可能小以减少惯性力对连杆工作过程的影响。采用常规设计难于使连杆达到既轻又可靠的要求,传统用解析法对连杆所受的应力和应变情况分析,解析误差太大。本文介绍了4V-105柴油机连杆的工作概况,利用CAE设计分析程序ANSYS对连杆进行了有限元分析和优化设计。在对连杆模型进行分析后,对连杆模型进行适当的必要的简化,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件的APDL参数化建模功能对4V-105型柴油机连杆进行参数化建模,并对连杆模型进行了ANSYS前处理;根据连杆的受载状况,对连杆进行载何分析,通过引入相应的惯性力,根据前期ADAMS对4V-105柴油机连杆动力学仿真结果,施加以工作过程产生的最大合载为外力,将求解连杆的动力问题化为相应的静力问题;根据分析的结果,对连杆有限元模型进行加载并求解,对结果进行了简要结构强度计算分析;用有限元的方法对连杆杆身尺寸进行了优化,并对优化结果进行较详细的体积变化分析、结构强度校核以及疲劳分析、对连杆进行相应的实验测试验证等,以验证连杆尺寸优化结果的合理性。最后得出了合理的连杆优化设计结果,为进一步研究该型号柴油机连杆的其他动态性能或进一步优化连杆大小端相关尺寸提供了有价值的依据。避免大量实验验证过程,降低设计成本,提高设计效率,缩短开发周期。
The diesel connecting rod bears complicated load in the job,so high mechanical performance of connecting rod is required, the connecting rod ought to have sufficient resisting the fatigue strength composes in reply a structure intensity, mass ought to use an impact of decrease inertial force over connecting rod course of work as far as possible for a short time at the same time. Adopt routine to design that the connecting rod difficult to make reaches the both light and reliable request, tradition uses analytical law to analyse to strain and strain condition accepted by connecting rod,analytical error is very big. 4V-105 diesel connecting rods jobs general situation the main body of a book has been introduced, the analysis and optimization making use of CAE design analysis procedure ANSYS to have carried out finite element method on the connecting rod design that. The model carries out appropriate necessary simplification on the connecting rod,make use of ANSYS finite element method to analyse the software APDL after the model carries out analysis on the connecting rod, parameterization build the model function being in progress to 4V-105 type diesel connecting rods parameterization build a model, handle and before the model has carried out ANSYS on the connecting rod; Accepting according to the connecting rod is loaded with status, the load being in progress to the connecting rod analyses, by leading into the corresponding inertial force,ADAMS checks 4V-105 diesel connecting rod dynamics emulation result according to the earlier stage, the maximum exerting coming into being with the course of work jointly is loaded with for the outside force,connecting rod driving force problem turns to finding the solution into the corresponding static problem; According to analytical result, the loading being in progress and the brief structure having found the solution, being in progress to result to connecting rod finite element method model, the intensity calculates analysis;Use finite element method method face to face design connecting rod be in progress optimization design,and face to face optimization result be in progress more detailed volume change analytical,structure intensity school core and weary analytical,face to face connecting rod be in progress corresponding experiment test verify and so on,use verify connecting rod optimization design result rationality. Have reached the rational connecting rod optimization finally designing result, the relevance dimension has provided the valuable basis to the end further, studying the other dynamic function owing a type the diesel connecting rod or optimizing connecting rod size further. Avoid large amount of experiment verifying process, reduce design cost, improve designing an effect,shorten a construction cycle.
The diesel connecting rod bears complicated load in the job,so high mechanical performance of connecting rod is required, the connecting rod ought to have sufficient resisting the fatigue strength composes in reply a structure intensity, mass ought to use an impact of decrease inertial force over connecting rod course of work as far as possible for a short time at the same time. Adopt routine to design that the connecting rod difficult to make reaches the both light and reliable request, tradition uses analytical law to analyse to strain and strain condition accepted by connecting rod,analytical error is very big. 4V-105 diesel connecting rods jobs general situation the main body of a book has been introduced, the analysis and optimization making use of CAE design analysis procedure ANSYS to have carried out finite element method on the connecting rod design that. The model carries out appropriate necessary simplification on the connecting rod,make use of ANSYS finite element method to analyse the software APDL after the model carries out analysis on the connecting rod, parameterization build the model function being in progress to 4V-105 type diesel connecting rods parameterization build a model, handle and before the model has carried out ANSYS on the connecting rod; Accepting according to the connecting rod is loaded with status, the load being in progress to the connecting rod analyses, by leading into the corresponding inertial force,ADAMS checks 4V-105 diesel connecting rod dynamics emulation result according to the earlier stage, the maximum exerting coming into being with the course of work jointly is loaded with for the outside force,connecting rod driving force problem turns to finding the solution into the corresponding static problem; According to analytical result, the loading being in progress and the brief structure having found the solution, being in progress to result to connecting rod finite element method model, the intensity calculates analysis;Use finite element method method face to face design connecting rod be in progress optimization design,and face to face optimization result be in progress more detailed volume change analytical,structure intensity school core and weary analytical,face to face connecting rod be in progress corresponding experiment test verify and so on,use verify connecting rod optimization design result rationality. Have reached the rational connecting rod optimization finally designing result, the relevance dimension has provided the valuable basis to the end further, studying the other dynamic function owing a type the diesel connecting rod or optimizing connecting rod size further. Avoid large amount of experiment verifying process, reduce design cost, improve designing an effect,shorten a construction cycle.
引文
[1] 刘显玉,汽车发动机连杆的有限元分析.机电设备,2005,3(24) :10
[2] 刘子建,叶南海,现代 CAD 基础与应用技术.1.长沙:湖南大学出版社,2004,158
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[7] 谈卓君,左正兴,内燃机连杆有限元分析进展.中国机械工程,2004,4:365-369
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[9] Brebbia CA.Advanced Analysis of Vehicles’Components using the BE Method SAE Paper 860807,1986
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[11] 杨杰民,现代汽车发动机构造.1.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1999,53-71
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[14] 博弈创作室,ANSYS9.0 经典产品高级分析技术与实例详解.1.北京:中国水利出版社,2005,1
[15] 李显明,有限元法在柴油机连杆分析中的应用.上海铁道科技,2005,1:46
[16] 张永昌,MSC.Nastran 有限元分析理论基础与应用.1.北京:科学出版社,2004,74
[17] 马迅,胡振华,张胜兰,连杆强度和刚度的三维有限元分析.湖北汽车工业学院学报,2003,4(17):11
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[19] G.R.Liu,S.S.Quek,有限元法实用教程.龙述尧 ,侯淑娟,钱长照,1.长沙:湖南大学出版社,2004, 5
[20] HO-LE K,Finite Element Mesh Generation Methids[J],Computer Aided Design,1998,20(1):27-38
[21] 楼华山,楼江燕,杨靖,虚拟样机技术在柴油机中的应用.科技咨询导报,2007,9:35
[22] 王红卫,夏利轿车发动机连杆静态和谐响应分析.机械设计与制造,2006,5:33
[23] 博弈创作室,ANSYS9.0 经典产品高级分析技术基础教程与实例详解.1.北京:中国水利出版社,2006,1
[24] 杨小兰,刘极峰,陈旋,基于 ANSYS 的有限元法网格划分浅析.煤矿机械,2005,1:39
[25] 苏炜,工程力学.1.安陆:武汉工业大学出版社,2002,80
[26] 濮良贵,机械设计.5.北京:高等教育出版社,1989,39
[27] 刘鸿文,材料力学.1.北京:高等教育出版社,1989,131-149
[28] 孙靖民,梁迎春,陈时锦,机械结构优化设计.1. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004,1
[29]梁尚明,殷国富,现代机械优化设计方法.1. 北京:化学工业出版社,2005,40
[30] 徐灏,安全系数和许用应力.北京:机械工业出版社,1981
[2] 刘子建,叶南海,现代 CAD 基础与应用技术.1.长沙:湖南大学出版社,2004,158
[3] 杨敏,汽车发动机连杆的有限元计算.吉林林业科技,2002, 31 (4) :48-49
[4] Crocker , S.H. , Engineering Analysis:A Survey of Numerical Procedures , McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956
[5] 范 蒙,姜树李,SL4105 柴油机的连杆杆身的变形分析.农机化研究,2006,7:217
[6] 宋勇,艾宴清,梁波,精通 ANSYS7.0 有限元分析.1.北京:清华大学出版,2003,1
[7] 谈卓君,左正兴,内燃机连杆有限元分析进展.中国机械工程,2004,4:365-369
[8] Sanders RJ.The Application of Boundary Element Analysis to Engine Component Design.SAE Paper 870578,1987
[9] Brebbia CA.Advanced Analysis of Vehicles’Components using the BE Method SAE Paper 860807,1986
[10] 吴衍平,陈国华,马元镐.发动机连杆的三维整体形状优化设计的研究.车用发动机,1998,2:21-24
[11] 杨杰民,现代汽车发动机构造.1.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1999,53-71
[12] 南京工学院,西安交通大学,理论力学(下册),2,北京:高等教育出版社,1986 ,212-230
[13] Saeed Moaveni, Finite Element Analysis Theory and Application with ANSYS.欧阳宇,王崧,1. 北京:电子工业出版社,2003 ,2
[14] 博弈创作室,ANSYS9.0 经典产品高级分析技术与实例详解.1.北京:中国水利出版社,2005,1
[15] 李显明,有限元法在柴油机连杆分析中的应用.上海铁道科技,2005,1:46
[16] 张永昌,MSC.Nastran 有限元分析理论基础与应用.1.北京:科学出版社,2004,74
[17] 马迅,胡振华,张胜兰,连杆强度和刚度的三维有限元分析.湖北汽车工业学院学报,2003,4(17):11
[18] 崔忠圻,金属学与热处理.1.北京:机械工业出版社,1989,347
[19] G.R.Liu,S.S.Quek,有限元法实用教程.龙述尧 ,侯淑娟,钱长照,1.长沙:湖南大学出版社,2004, 5
[20] HO-LE K,Finite Element Mesh Generation Methids[J],Computer Aided Design,1998,20(1):27-38
[21] 楼华山,楼江燕,杨靖,虚拟样机技术在柴油机中的应用.科技咨询导报,2007,9:35
[22] 王红卫,夏利轿车发动机连杆静态和谐响应分析.机械设计与制造,2006,5:33
[23] 博弈创作室,ANSYS9.0 经典产品高级分析技术基础教程与实例详解.1.北京:中国水利出版社,2006,1
[24] 杨小兰,刘极峰,陈旋,基于 ANSYS 的有限元法网格划分浅析.煤矿机械,2005,1:39
[25] 苏炜,工程力学.1.安陆:武汉工业大学出版社,2002,80
[26] 濮良贵,机械设计.5.北京:高等教育出版社,1989,39
[27] 刘鸿文,材料力学.1.北京:高等教育出版社,1989,131-149
[28] 孙靖民,梁迎春,陈时锦,机械结构优化设计.1. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004,1
[29]梁尚明,殷国富,现代机械优化设计方法.1. 北京:化学工业出版社,2005,40
[30] 徐灏,安全系数和许用应力.北京:机械工业出版社,1981