关于我国郊外型购物中心的发展研究
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摘要
20世纪是购物中心发展最活跃、最辉煌的时期,它是在19世纪原型的基础真正走向成熟,成为现代先进的商业经营和管理方式的代表,并在世界范围内广泛兴起。购物中心的出现是20世纪零售商业发展的一个巨大进步,它给人类社会的生活带来了巨大的变化,它在现代社会生活中的地位也越来越重要。
大型购物中心在欧美已历时近百年,它是建立在经济和交通高度发展的基础上。近几年来,大型购物中心在我国一些特大城市方兴未艾,对大型购物中心的兴建如火如荼,而且其兴建的规模惊人;伴随着人口的郊外化转移和高效交通系统的发展,一些郊外型购物中心也在我国兴建起来。这些郊外型购物中心在充分满足人们现代生活新需求的同时,存在一系列的问题,同时也带来了一些负面的影响。郊外型购物中心的蔓延把人的购物活动吸引到了郊区,加剧了城市郊区化、城市空心化和中心区衰退。城市商业格局的变化同时也改变了城市形态。这些都不由得我们要对此做出理性的思考。
本文主要从以下几个方面对我国郊外型购物中心的发展进行探讨和研究:
第一部分,引言,介绍了本题的理论意义和实际意义、国内外同类研究的现状、本文的研究目的、研究方法、研究创新和不足之处。
第二部分,阐述了购物中心以及郊外型购物中心的相关概念,分析了郊外型购物中心的特点及郊外型购物中心在美国、日本和我国的起源及发展状况。
第三部分,从经济状况、人口郊外化水平、汽车普及率及交通状况、居民的消费结构和消费水平、科技成果的转化、生产和流通的合理化程度上对发展郊外型购物中心所需要的经济社会条件进行阐述。
第四部分,借助国内外一些关于集聚及购物中心的理论研究成果,来引证发展郊外型购物中心的理论意义以及对于郊外型购物中心进行合理规划和经营的有效模式。
第五部分,以北京市为例,从经济发展水平、汽车的普及和交通发展状况、居民的消费水平和消费结构三个主要方面对于我国日前发展郊外型购物中心所具备的条件及目前发展状况进行阐述。
第六部分,以北京市首个大型郊外型购物中心—金源购物中心为参照,从内部管理和外部规划上对建设、发展和经营郊外型购物中心中存在的难点和问题进行阐述。
第七部分,鉴于我国在建设和发展郊外型购物中心上刚刚起步以及郊外型购物中心经营和发展中存在一系列的难点问题,奉文最后对于如何规划和经营郊外型购物中心进行探讨。相信在理论界和实务界的共同努力下,我国郊外型购物中心的发展定会日臻完善。
The 20th century is the most active and prosperous period for the development of shopping center . Based on its prototype in 19th century, the shopping center not only becomes the advanced representative of commercial operation and management but also spread widely all over the world .As a great innovation for the development of retailing world in the 20th century, the appearance of shopping center brought great changes to people's lives and is becoming more and more important in the modern society.
Based on highly developed economy and transportation, the huge shopping center has experienced nearly a hundred years. In the recent years, there appeared a large number of shopping centers in the big cities in China, and the total number is mounting ; besides the suburbanization and the development of efficient traffic system ,some suburban shopping malls have appeared in our country. Not only do these suburban shopping malls satisfy people's needs ,but also bring some problems and negative effects ,such as suburbanization , unurbanization ,and the recession of some central areas. A city's change in commercial pattern has changed its form at the same time. So we have to consider all these factors rationally.
The essay discusses the development of suburban shopping mall in China from the following aspects:
The first part is forward. Explains the purpose and meaning of this text, current situation of domestic and international research, research approach, technological route and innovation, and problems remained to be studied further.
The second part describes the related concepts of shopping mall and suburban shopping mall, then analysis the merits of suburban shopping mall and its origination and development in American, Japan and China.
The third part describes the economic and social requirements on developing the suburban shopping mall from these elements: economy, the degree of people's suburbanization, the traffic status, the prevalence of automobiles, citizens 'consuming power and consuming structure, the converting rate of technology, and the rationalization of both production and circulation.
The fourth part describes that thanks to the development of these domestic and international theories and research on convergence and shopping mall, we can illustrate the availability on developing shopping mall and try to find the most effective way on planning and managing the shopping mall.
The fifth part put Beijing as an example to illustrate the conditions we have on developing the suburban shopping mall and its current status from three parts: the economic development, traffic status and prevalence of automobiles, citizens 'consuming structure and consuming power.
The sixth part try to use Jinyuan shopping mall that runs as the first and biggest shopping mall in Beijing as reference ,to illustrate the difficulties and problems on planning ,developing and managing the shopping mall from both interior management and exterior planning.
Lastly ,we have just began to construct and develop the suburban shopping mall for quite a short time , there appeared so many difficulties in the process of operation and development ,so we have to form our own ideas on planning and managing the suburban shopping mall to the best.
大型购物中心在欧美已历时近百年,它是建立在经济和交通高度发展的基础上。近几年来,大型购物中心在我国一些特大城市方兴未艾,对大型购物中心的兴建如火如荼,而且其兴建的规模惊人;伴随着人口的郊外化转移和高效交通系统的发展,一些郊外型购物中心也在我国兴建起来。这些郊外型购物中心在充分满足人们现代生活新需求的同时,存在一系列的问题,同时也带来了一些负面的影响。郊外型购物中心的蔓延把人的购物活动吸引到了郊区,加剧了城市郊区化、城市空心化和中心区衰退。城市商业格局的变化同时也改变了城市形态。这些都不由得我们要对此做出理性的思考。
本文主要从以下几个方面对我国郊外型购物中心的发展进行探讨和研究:
第一部分,引言,介绍了本题的理论意义和实际意义、国内外同类研究的现状、本文的研究目的、研究方法、研究创新和不足之处。
第二部分,阐述了购物中心以及郊外型购物中心的相关概念,分析了郊外型购物中心的特点及郊外型购物中心在美国、日本和我国的起源及发展状况。
第三部分,从经济状况、人口郊外化水平、汽车普及率及交通状况、居民的消费结构和消费水平、科技成果的转化、生产和流通的合理化程度上对发展郊外型购物中心所需要的经济社会条件进行阐述。
第四部分,借助国内外一些关于集聚及购物中心的理论研究成果,来引证发展郊外型购物中心的理论意义以及对于郊外型购物中心进行合理规划和经营的有效模式。
第五部分,以北京市为例,从经济发展水平、汽车的普及和交通发展状况、居民的消费水平和消费结构三个主要方面对于我国日前发展郊外型购物中心所具备的条件及目前发展状况进行阐述。
第六部分,以北京市首个大型郊外型购物中心—金源购物中心为参照,从内部管理和外部规划上对建设、发展和经营郊外型购物中心中存在的难点和问题进行阐述。
第七部分,鉴于我国在建设和发展郊外型购物中心上刚刚起步以及郊外型购物中心经营和发展中存在一系列的难点问题,奉文最后对于如何规划和经营郊外型购物中心进行探讨。相信在理论界和实务界的共同努力下,我国郊外型购物中心的发展定会日臻完善。
The 20th century is the most active and prosperous period for the development of shopping center . Based on its prototype in 19th century, the shopping center not only becomes the advanced representative of commercial operation and management but also spread widely all over the world .As a great innovation for the development of retailing world in the 20th century, the appearance of shopping center brought great changes to people's lives and is becoming more and more important in the modern society.
Based on highly developed economy and transportation, the huge shopping center has experienced nearly a hundred years. In the recent years, there appeared a large number of shopping centers in the big cities in China, and the total number is mounting ; besides the suburbanization and the development of efficient traffic system ,some suburban shopping malls have appeared in our country. Not only do these suburban shopping malls satisfy people's needs ,but also bring some problems and negative effects ,such as suburbanization , unurbanization ,and the recession of some central areas. A city's change in commercial pattern has changed its form at the same time. So we have to consider all these factors rationally.
The essay discusses the development of suburban shopping mall in China from the following aspects:
The first part is forward. Explains the purpose and meaning of this text, current situation of domestic and international research, research approach, technological route and innovation, and problems remained to be studied further.
The second part describes the related concepts of shopping mall and suburban shopping mall, then analysis the merits of suburban shopping mall and its origination and development in American, Japan and China.
The third part describes the economic and social requirements on developing the suburban shopping mall from these elements: economy, the degree of people's suburbanization, the traffic status, the prevalence of automobiles, citizens 'consuming power and consuming structure, the converting rate of technology, and the rationalization of both production and circulation.
The fourth part describes that thanks to the development of these domestic and international theories and research on convergence and shopping mall, we can illustrate the availability on developing shopping mall and try to find the most effective way on planning and managing the shopping mall.
The fifth part put Beijing as an example to illustrate the conditions we have on developing the suburban shopping mall and its current status from three parts: the economic development, traffic status and prevalence of automobiles, citizens 'consuming structure and consuming power.
The sixth part try to use Jinyuan shopping mall that runs as the first and biggest shopping mall in Beijing as reference ,to illustrate the difficulties and problems on planning ,developing and managing the shopping mall from both interior management and exterior planning.
Lastly ,we have just began to construct and develop the suburban shopping mall for quite a short time , there appeared so many difficulties in the process of operation and development ,so we have to form our own ideas on planning and managing the suburban shopping mall to the best.
引文
[1]北京市发展计划委员会,北京市商业委员会,北京市“十五”时期商业发展规划,2001
[1]罗桔芬编著.世界各国购物中心.世界市场全书.北京:中国大百科全岀出版社,1996 P1
[1]Shopping Center:A group of retail and other commercial establishments that is planned,developed,owned and managed as a single property.On-site parking is provided.The center's size and orientation are generally determined by the market characteristics of the trade area served by the center."-http://www.icsc.org/
[1]周一星著,城市地理学,北京:商务印书馆,2003,P99
[1]单目标购物:即只购买一种产品。
[1]吴小丁,《商品流通论》,[M]科学出版社
[1]按照世界银行划分的标准,人均GDP在550美元以下是低收入国家,550美元到2550美元算中等收入国家,2550美元到7900美元是高收入国家。“2020年如果实现人均GDP3000美元的话,就等于建成了中等收入国家。存2003年我国人均GDP超过1000美元,这个阶段对任何一个发展中国家,特别是像中国这样的人口大国来说,具有十分重要的意义和历史意义。”(据人民网人民大会堂3月8日讯)http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-03-08/12001994445s.shtml
[1]周一星著.城市地理学.北京:商务印书馆,2003,P99
[1]http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20030331/1049326294.shtml
[1]刘念雄.购物中心开发设计与管理.中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[2]罗桔芬.世界各国购物中心.中国大百科全书出版社,2002
[3]吴小丁.商品流通论.科学出版社,2005.08
[4]周伟林,严冀。城市经济学.复旦大学出版社,2003
[5]李飞.零售革命.经济管理出版,2003
[6]蔡建梅.模式宣言.浙江大学出版,2003
[7]陈建明.中国超级购物中心.经济管理出版社,2003
[8]中国购物中心产业咨询网:http://www.reallchina.net
[9]费腾.从美国北海岸购物中心谈郊区购物中心的设计特点.城市建筑,2005,
[10]李信,潘猛.加拿人超大型购物中心的空间设计.室内设计与装修,2005,
[11]张志强,王凡莉.购物中心及其规划设计.国外城市规划,2005
[12]姜海峰.从东方新天地看商业地产开发.连锁与特许,2005
[13]吕一林.美国现代商品零售业.清华大学出版社,2001
[14]田旭.购物中心在发达国家的发展及其对我国的启示.企业经济,2001(1)
[15]戢守峰.中国购物中心发展的创新模式.商场现代化,2001(12)
[16]赵萍.中国发展购物中心的前景分析.中国商贸,2001(Z2)
[17]刘念雄.购物中心:管理才是最重要的.中国商贸,2001(Z2)
[18]王学军.西方国家购物中心的类型、管理及启示.商业经济与管理,2002
[19]Tanmy.Drezner.a method for comparing the attractiveness of shopping centers.www.sbaeruca,edu/research
[20]郭东乐,宋则,荆林波.中国商业理论前沿Ⅲ.社会科学文献出版社,2003
[21]世界经理人网/国家地产网:http/www.icxo.com
[22]中国商业排名网:http//www.tops500.org
[23]余凯.我国购物中心核心竞争力研究.商业时代,2006(34)
[24]蒋华南,谢波.购物中心核心竞争力构建初探.管理科学文摘,2004(10)
[25]赵建军,麦朗.商业购物中心的人本设计.中国勘察设计,2007(01)
[26]张建华.大型购物中心建设:快上还是快下?经营与管理,2005(01)
[27]张建华.购物中心规模类型探析.中国市场,2006(23)
[28]聂冲.美国购物中心的发展探析.城市开发,2005(07)
[29]吴小丁.哈夫模型与城市商圈结构分析方法.财贸经济,2001(03)
[30]赵尔烈,于淑华,罗桔芬.流通业发展的新趋势-郊区购物中心.商场现代化,1995(04)
[31]刘威,刘颖.关于我国城市购物中心兴建的可行性分析.物流科技,2005(11)
[32]李宏宇.我国购物中心发展中存在的问题及对策.学术交流,2006(01)
[33]孙肖丽.浅说“大型购物中心”-以北京大型购物中心为例.北京社会科学,2005(04)
[34]潘洪亮.北京建设超大型购物中心的挑战和机遇.北京城市学院学报,2005(04)
[35]陈章喜,周芮仪。国内大中城市购物中心选址的确定与方法分析.商场现代化,2005(22)
[36]陈建明.国内外购物中心经典案例分析及借鉴.交流,2005(01)
[37]Sirmans C.F.,Guidry K..The Determinants of Shopping Center Rents.Journal of Real Estate Research,1993(8)
[38]Eppli M.J.,Benjamin J.D..The Evolution of Shopping Center Research:A Review and Analysis.The Journal of Real Estate Research,1994(9)
[39]田村正纪.流通原理.千仓书房,2001
[40]石原武政.商业组织的内部编成.千仓书房,2000
[41]Edgar M.Horwood,Ronald R.Boyce.Studies of the Central Business District and Urban Freeway Development.University of Washington Press,1959
[42]美.汤斯利.零售管理.人民邮电出版社,2002.8
[43]巴里.伯曼,乔尔.R.埃文斯等.零售管理(第七版).中国人民大学出版社,2002.8
[1]罗桔芬编著.世界各国购物中心.世界市场全书.北京:中国大百科全岀出版社,1996 P1
[1]Shopping Center:A group of retail and other commercial establishments that is planned,developed,owned and managed as a single property.On-site parking is provided.The center's size and orientation are generally determined by the market characteristics of the trade area served by the center."-http://www.icsc.org/
[1]周一星著,城市地理学,北京:商务印书馆,2003,P99
[1]单目标购物:即只购买一种产品。
[1]吴小丁,《商品流通论》,[M]科学出版社
[1]按照世界银行划分的标准,人均GDP在550美元以下是低收入国家,550美元到2550美元算中等收入国家,2550美元到7900美元是高收入国家。“2020年如果实现人均GDP3000美元的话,就等于建成了中等收入国家。存2003年我国人均GDP超过1000美元,这个阶段对任何一个发展中国家,特别是像中国这样的人口大国来说,具有十分重要的意义和历史意义。”(据人民网人民大会堂3月8日讯)http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-03-08/12001994445s.shtml
[1]周一星著.城市地理学.北京:商务印书馆,2003,P99
[1]http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20030331/1049326294.shtml
[1]刘念雄.购物中心开发设计与管理.中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[2]罗桔芬.世界各国购物中心.中国大百科全书出版社,2002
[3]吴小丁.商品流通论.科学出版社,2005.08
[4]周伟林,严冀。城市经济学.复旦大学出版社,2003
[5]李飞.零售革命.经济管理出版,2003
[6]蔡建梅.模式宣言.浙江大学出版,2003
[7]陈建明.中国超级购物中心.经济管理出版社,2003
[8]中国购物中心产业咨询网:http://www.reallchina.net
[9]费腾.从美国北海岸购物中心谈郊区购物中心的设计特点.城市建筑,2005,
[10]李信,潘猛.加拿人超大型购物中心的空间设计.室内设计与装修,2005,
[11]张志强,王凡莉.购物中心及其规划设计.国外城市规划,2005
[12]姜海峰.从东方新天地看商业地产开发.连锁与特许,2005
[13]吕一林.美国现代商品零售业.清华大学出版社,2001
[14]田旭.购物中心在发达国家的发展及其对我国的启示.企业经济,2001(1)
[15]戢守峰.中国购物中心发展的创新模式.商场现代化,2001(12)
[16]赵萍.中国发展购物中心的前景分析.中国商贸,2001(Z2)
[17]刘念雄.购物中心:管理才是最重要的.中国商贸,2001(Z2)
[18]王学军.西方国家购物中心的类型、管理及启示.商业经济与管理,2002
[19]Tanmy.Drezner.a method for comparing the attractiveness of shopping centers.www.sbaeruca,edu/research
[20]郭东乐,宋则,荆林波.中国商业理论前沿Ⅲ.社会科学文献出版社,2003
[21]世界经理人网/国家地产网:http/www.icxo.com
[22]中国商业排名网:http//www.tops500.org
[23]余凯.我国购物中心核心竞争力研究.商业时代,2006(34)
[24]蒋华南,谢波.购物中心核心竞争力构建初探.管理科学文摘,2004(10)
[25]赵建军,麦朗.商业购物中心的人本设计.中国勘察设计,2007(01)
[26]张建华.大型购物中心建设:快上还是快下?经营与管理,2005(01)
[27]张建华.购物中心规模类型探析.中国市场,2006(23)
[28]聂冲.美国购物中心的发展探析.城市开发,2005(07)
[29]吴小丁.哈夫模型与城市商圈结构分析方法.财贸经济,2001(03)
[30]赵尔烈,于淑华,罗桔芬.流通业发展的新趋势-郊区购物中心.商场现代化,1995(04)
[31]刘威,刘颖.关于我国城市购物中心兴建的可行性分析.物流科技,2005(11)
[32]李宏宇.我国购物中心发展中存在的问题及对策.学术交流,2006(01)
[33]孙肖丽.浅说“大型购物中心”-以北京大型购物中心为例.北京社会科学,2005(04)
[34]潘洪亮.北京建设超大型购物中心的挑战和机遇.北京城市学院学报,2005(04)
[35]陈章喜,周芮仪。国内大中城市购物中心选址的确定与方法分析.商场现代化,2005(22)
[36]陈建明.国内外购物中心经典案例分析及借鉴.交流,2005(01)
[37]Sirmans C.F.,Guidry K..The Determinants of Shopping Center Rents.Journal of Real Estate Research,1993(8)
[38]Eppli M.J.,Benjamin J.D..The Evolution of Shopping Center Research:A Review and Analysis.The Journal of Real Estate Research,1994(9)
[39]田村正纪.流通原理.千仓书房,2001
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