基于以太网络的虚拟串行通讯软件开发
摘要
随着虚拟试验技术的不断发展,分布式虚拟仿真中各种实物串行通讯链路使系统组建受到硬件设备的限制,其虚拟化研究成为一种需要。本课题的目的在于在以太网的基础上实现各种串行通讯设备的虚拟模型,使用高速以太网替代各种实物总线进行数据传输,解决虚拟试验系统中串行通讯设备成本高,系统移植困难等问题。
本课题在深入分析GJB289A、RS422、ARINC429通讯协议和总线拓扑结构的基础上,提出了虚拟串行通讯系统的开放式框架,采用统一控制接口的方式有效解决了实物设备和虚拟设备的切换问题;提出了虚拟设备分层设计思想,使得设备模型逻辑结构清晰,维护更加方便。
在深入研究各种串行通讯总线数据传输特点的基础上,提出了虚拟总线资源统一管理,总线信息统一调度机制,分离了设备逻辑功能和具体数据传输的过程,简化了虚拟设备的设计实现。
本课题深入分析了软件实现精密时钟协议带来的同步精度问题,提出了一种基于PTP的局域网高精度时钟同步方案,通过构造高精度时钟,采取握手机制以及对测量结果进行处理,实现了局域网内亚毫秒精度的时钟同步,为分布式虚拟试验系统提供了可靠的同步时钟服务。
本文采用UML建模工具对软件的需求、静态结构和动态行为进行建模;在虚拟试验系统支撑软件平台下,采用微软新一代企业级开发平台——Microsoft Visual Studio.NET框架开发了GJB289A/RS422/ARINC429总线基于以太网的虚拟设备模型和应用层控制软件。
经过软件测试和实际使用表明,本软件实现了虚拟总线构建、管理、仿真等功能,软件运行可靠,用户界面友好。
With development of the virtual test technology, various kind of serial communication link in the distributed virtual simulation make system setting up limited by the hardware, therefore the study of virtual serial communication is becoming a necessity. The purpose of this topic is to realize a variety of serial communication equipment virtual models based on Ethernet, and alternate the data buses with high-speed Ethernet, solve the problems such as the high cost of the serial communication equipment in the virtual test system, the difficulty of system transplantation.
Based on in-depth analysis of GJB289A, RS422, ARINC429 communication protocol and bus topology, a virtual serial communication system of open framework of a unified control interface which effectively solved the physical devices and virtual devices switching problem is put forward; and a layered virtual device model design method was proposed, which makes the virtual device logical structure clear, the maintenance more convenient.
Based on in-depth study on the data transmission characteristics of a variety of serial communication bus, a mechanism, the unified management of virtual resources and the unified scheduling for all the information on the bus, which separates the real equipment features and the realization of data transmission and greatly simplifies the design and implementation of the virtual device, is proposed.
In this paper, the synchronization precision problem of the precision clock synchronization protocol realization by software is analyzed, a scheme of high-precision clock synchronization in local area network based on the PTP is proposed, by constructing high-precision clock, taking shaking hands mechanism as well as the processing of measuring results, which achieves microsecond synchronization precision in the local area network and provides a reliable clock synchronization services for the distributed virtual test system.
In this paper, UML modeling tools are in use for software requirements modeling, static structure modeling, and dynamic behavior modeling; based on the virtual test system support platform, the use of the Microsoft's next-generation enterprise-class development platform - Microsoft Visual Studio.NET framework, the Ethernet-based GJB289A/RS422/ARINC429 virtual equipment model and application-level control software are developed.
After software testing and actual use, it is realized that the vitual bus creation, bus management, simulation and other functions. The software is reliable and has a user-friendly interface.
本课题在深入分析GJB289A、RS422、ARINC429通讯协议和总线拓扑结构的基础上,提出了虚拟串行通讯系统的开放式框架,采用统一控制接口的方式有效解决了实物设备和虚拟设备的切换问题;提出了虚拟设备分层设计思想,使得设备模型逻辑结构清晰,维护更加方便。
在深入研究各种串行通讯总线数据传输特点的基础上,提出了虚拟总线资源统一管理,总线信息统一调度机制,分离了设备逻辑功能和具体数据传输的过程,简化了虚拟设备的设计实现。
本课题深入分析了软件实现精密时钟协议带来的同步精度问题,提出了一种基于PTP的局域网高精度时钟同步方案,通过构造高精度时钟,采取握手机制以及对测量结果进行处理,实现了局域网内亚毫秒精度的时钟同步,为分布式虚拟试验系统提供了可靠的同步时钟服务。
本文采用UML建模工具对软件的需求、静态结构和动态行为进行建模;在虚拟试验系统支撑软件平台下,采用微软新一代企业级开发平台——Microsoft Visual Studio.NET框架开发了GJB289A/RS422/ARINC429总线基于以太网的虚拟设备模型和应用层控制软件。
经过软件测试和实际使用表明,本软件实现了虚拟总线构建、管理、仿真等功能,软件运行可靠,用户界面友好。
With development of the virtual test technology, various kind of serial communication link in the distributed virtual simulation make system setting up limited by the hardware, therefore the study of virtual serial communication is becoming a necessity. The purpose of this topic is to realize a variety of serial communication equipment virtual models based on Ethernet, and alternate the data buses with high-speed Ethernet, solve the problems such as the high cost of the serial communication equipment in the virtual test system, the difficulty of system transplantation.
Based on in-depth analysis of GJB289A, RS422, ARINC429 communication protocol and bus topology, a virtual serial communication system of open framework of a unified control interface which effectively solved the physical devices and virtual devices switching problem is put forward; and a layered virtual device model design method was proposed, which makes the virtual device logical structure clear, the maintenance more convenient.
Based on in-depth study on the data transmission characteristics of a variety of serial communication bus, a mechanism, the unified management of virtual resources and the unified scheduling for all the information on the bus, which separates the real equipment features and the realization of data transmission and greatly simplifies the design and implementation of the virtual device, is proposed.
In this paper, the synchronization precision problem of the precision clock synchronization protocol realization by software is analyzed, a scheme of high-precision clock synchronization in local area network based on the PTP is proposed, by constructing high-precision clock, taking shaking hands mechanism as well as the processing of measuring results, which achieves microsecond synchronization precision in the local area network and provides a reliable clock synchronization services for the distributed virtual test system.
In this paper, UML modeling tools are in use for software requirements modeling, static structure modeling, and dynamic behavior modeling; based on the virtual test system support platform, the use of the Microsoft's next-generation enterprise-class development platform - Microsoft Visual Studio.NET framework, the Ethernet-based GJB289A/RS422/ARINC429 virtual equipment model and application-level control software are developed.
After software testing and actual use, it is realized that the vitual bus creation, bus management, simulation and other functions. The software is reliable and has a user-friendly interface.
引文
1. TIA/EIA-422-B Overview. National Semiconductor Corporation. 2000, 01
2. Georg Becke, Christian Borgert. Comparing Bus Solutions. Texas Instruments Inc. 2004: 28
3. GB/T11014-1989平衡电压数字接口电路的电气特性
4.牛思先,向征.基于RS-422/485的串行异步通讯接口设计和应用.计算机工程与设计. 2007, 5: 2472~2474
5.赵佳,唐祯安.一种实现RS422通信协议的接口电路.现代电子技术. 2007, 20: 179~186
6.李德庆,宋斌. RS422/RS485总线模型分析与应用.电子元器件与应用. 2008, 1: 16~20
7.苏建军. ARINC429串行总线在飞机测试系统中的应用.测控技术. 2000, 5: 26~27
8.孙旭光.一种多功能ARINC429总线接口板设计.测控技术. 2003, 6: 38~41
9. MIL-STD-1553B Notice 2
10. Ronnie Killough. Integrating CCSDS and MIL-STD-1553: What You Should Know. IEEE. 2002: 4-1917~4-1926
11.杜改丽,封志华等. 1553总线协议分析与应用.仪器仪表用户. 2007, 14: 6~12
12. MIL-STD-1553 Designer’s Guide. ILC Data Device Corporation
13.李刚.虚拟试验系统运行支撑软件的框架研究.硕士学位论文. 2006
14.王丽芹,杜承烈.基于Ethernet的分布仿真实时通信技术研究.微处理机. 2007, 2: 56~59
15.张新,赵峰等.基于FPGA的多通道ARINC429通信芯片的设计.航空电子技术. 2008, 39: 46~52
16.乔军.基于DSP的ARINC429总线技术研究与实现.硕士学位论文. 2006
17. Yang Duwei, Zhou Jianzhong, Zhan Lei. Implementation of Communication Board Based on 1553B Bus. The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, 2007: 1-837~1-840
18.肖隽亚,刘越敏等. 1553B总线在仿真测试平台中的应用.河南科技大学学报自然科学版. 2007, 12: 20~23
19. Yunfeng Bai, Zucheng zhou, Junbi Chen. The implementation of MIL-STD-1553B processor. IEEE
20.郭金海,尚利宏等.智能多路RS-422串行通信卡的设计.微型机与应用. 2002, 6: 25~26
21. Mifdaoui, F. Frances, and C. Fraboul, Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet For Next Generation "1553B"-based Applications. The 13th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS07), 2007.
22. Mifdaoui, F. Frances, C. Fraboul, Real-time characteristics of Switched Ethernet for "1553B"-Embedded Applications. Simulation and Analysis. IEEE, 2007
23. D J. Parish, R. Briggs, D. Chambers, C. Hunter and N. Kelsall. 1553 Emulation over ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)-A Hybrid Avionics Communications Architecture. IEEE, 1998.
24. Nicolas Downing. Virtual MIL-STD-1553. IEEE. 2006: 4E5-1~4E5-8
25. Watts S.Humphrey.软件工程规范.傅为,苏俊,许青松译.清华大学出版社. 2004: 5~101
26. M.Elaasar, L.Briand. An Overview of UML Consistency Management. Technical Report SCE-04-18. Department of Systems and Computer Engineering. August 24, 2004
27. Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley. 1999
28. Mark Priestley. Practical Object-Oriented Design with UML. McGraw-Hill Companies. Inc. 1998
29. Sun Meng, Zhang Naixiao. The formalization for UML statechart diagrams. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis. 2005, 41: 344~357
30. Holger Rasch, Heike Wehrheim. Checking Consistency in UML Diagrams. Classes and State Machines. 2003:229~243
31. F W Stone. 1553 Overview. IEEE
32. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 1 Functional Description, Electrical Interdace, Label Assignments and Word Formats. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2004, 5
33. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 2 Discrete Word Data Standards. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2004, 5
34. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 3 File Data Transfer Techniques. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2000, 10
35. ARINC429 Specification Tutorial. Aeronautical Radio Inc. 2001, 7
36. ARINC429 Protocol Tutorial(1500-029). Condor Engineering Inc.2004, 6
37. ARINC Protocol Summary. Alta Data Technologies LLC. 2008, 7
38.刘迎欢,罗志强. ARINC429协议和与之对应的俄罗斯标准的比较.航空电子技术. 2002, 3: 11~15
39. James Rumbaugh. The Unified Language Reference Manual. 2000, (10): 54~69
40. Andreas Dreher, Dirk Mohl. Precision Clock Synchronization-IEEE 1588, White Paper Rev. 1.2. Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
41. IEEE 1588,“Draft Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems”, 2007.
42. IEEE 1588 It’s About Time. Real Time Automation Corporation, 2008
43.戴宝峰,崔少辉,王岩.基于IEEE1588协议的时间戳的生成与分析.仪表技术. 2007, 7: 15~17
44. Alex McCarthy. Special Focus: Understanding the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol. NI Developer Zone, 2007, 3
45. Hans Weibel. IEEE 1588 Implementation and Performance of Time Stamping Techniques. 2004 Conference on IEEE 1588. 2004, 9
46. EXC-1553PCI/MCH EXC-1553cPCI/MCH MIL-STD-1553 Test And Simulation Board For PCI Systems User’s Manual.Excalibur Systems Inc. 2002, 5
47. EXCALIBUR PCI/MCH Family Software Tools Programmer’s Reference. Excalibur Systems Inc. 2001, 9
48. BusTools/1553-API Software Reference Manual. Condor Engineering Inc. 2004
49. BusTools/1553-API Software User’s Manual. Condor Engineering Inc. 2004
50.刘桂山,胡军程. 1553B总线信息流设计.北京理工大学学报. 2003, 23: 301~304
51. S.Uchitel. Synthesis of Behavioral Models from Scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. February 2003, 29(2): 99~115
52.吴敏.利用UML开发协同工作环境.电气传动自动化. 2008, (30): 50~52
53.周之英.现代软件工程(中).科学出版社. 2000: 397~428
54.张海藩.软件工程导论.清华大学出版社. 2002: 176~275
55.许育诚.软件测试与质量管理.电子工业出版社. 2004: 39~49
2. Georg Becke, Christian Borgert. Comparing Bus Solutions. Texas Instruments Inc. 2004: 28
3. GB/T11014-1989平衡电压数字接口电路的电气特性
4.牛思先,向征.基于RS-422/485的串行异步通讯接口设计和应用.计算机工程与设计. 2007, 5: 2472~2474
5.赵佳,唐祯安.一种实现RS422通信协议的接口电路.现代电子技术. 2007, 20: 179~186
6.李德庆,宋斌. RS422/RS485总线模型分析与应用.电子元器件与应用. 2008, 1: 16~20
7.苏建军. ARINC429串行总线在飞机测试系统中的应用.测控技术. 2000, 5: 26~27
8.孙旭光.一种多功能ARINC429总线接口板设计.测控技术. 2003, 6: 38~41
9. MIL-STD-1553B Notice 2
10. Ronnie Killough. Integrating CCSDS and MIL-STD-1553: What You Should Know. IEEE. 2002: 4-1917~4-1926
11.杜改丽,封志华等. 1553总线协议分析与应用.仪器仪表用户. 2007, 14: 6~12
12. MIL-STD-1553 Designer’s Guide. ILC Data Device Corporation
13.李刚.虚拟试验系统运行支撑软件的框架研究.硕士学位论文. 2006
14.王丽芹,杜承烈.基于Ethernet的分布仿真实时通信技术研究.微处理机. 2007, 2: 56~59
15.张新,赵峰等.基于FPGA的多通道ARINC429通信芯片的设计.航空电子技术. 2008, 39: 46~52
16.乔军.基于DSP的ARINC429总线技术研究与实现.硕士学位论文. 2006
17. Yang Duwei, Zhou Jianzhong, Zhan Lei. Implementation of Communication Board Based on 1553B Bus. The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, 2007: 1-837~1-840
18.肖隽亚,刘越敏等. 1553B总线在仿真测试平台中的应用.河南科技大学学报自然科学版. 2007, 12: 20~23
19. Yunfeng Bai, Zucheng zhou, Junbi Chen. The implementation of MIL-STD-1553B processor. IEEE
20.郭金海,尚利宏等.智能多路RS-422串行通信卡的设计.微型机与应用. 2002, 6: 25~26
21. Mifdaoui, F. Frances, and C. Fraboul, Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet For Next Generation "1553B"-based Applications. The 13th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS07), 2007.
22. Mifdaoui, F. Frances, C. Fraboul, Real-time characteristics of Switched Ethernet for "1553B"-Embedded Applications. Simulation and Analysis. IEEE, 2007
23. D J. Parish, R. Briggs, D. Chambers, C. Hunter and N. Kelsall. 1553 Emulation over ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)-A Hybrid Avionics Communications Architecture. IEEE, 1998.
24. Nicolas Downing. Virtual MIL-STD-1553. IEEE. 2006: 4E5-1~4E5-8
25. Watts S.Humphrey.软件工程规范.傅为,苏俊,许青松译.清华大学出版社. 2004: 5~101
26. M.Elaasar, L.Briand. An Overview of UML Consistency Management. Technical Report SCE-04-18. Department of Systems and Computer Engineering. August 24, 2004
27. Grady Booch, James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley. 1999
28. Mark Priestley. Practical Object-Oriented Design with UML. McGraw-Hill Companies. Inc. 1998
29. Sun Meng, Zhang Naixiao. The formalization for UML statechart diagrams. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis. 2005, 41: 344~357
30. Holger Rasch, Heike Wehrheim. Checking Consistency in UML Diagrams. Classes and State Machines. 2003:229~243
31. F W Stone. 1553 Overview. IEEE
32. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 1 Functional Description, Electrical Interdace, Label Assignments and Word Formats. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2004, 5
33. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 2 Discrete Word Data Standards. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2004, 5
34. Mark 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 3 File Data Transfer Techniques. Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee. 2000, 10
35. ARINC429 Specification Tutorial. Aeronautical Radio Inc. 2001, 7
36. ARINC429 Protocol Tutorial(1500-029). Condor Engineering Inc.2004, 6
37. ARINC Protocol Summary. Alta Data Technologies LLC. 2008, 7
38.刘迎欢,罗志强. ARINC429协议和与之对应的俄罗斯标准的比较.航空电子技术. 2002, 3: 11~15
39. James Rumbaugh. The Unified Language Reference Manual. 2000, (10): 54~69
40. Andreas Dreher, Dirk Mohl. Precision Clock Synchronization-IEEE 1588, White Paper Rev. 1.2. Hirschmann Automation and Control GmbH
41. IEEE 1588,“Draft Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems”, 2007.
42. IEEE 1588 It’s About Time. Real Time Automation Corporation, 2008
43.戴宝峰,崔少辉,王岩.基于IEEE1588协议的时间戳的生成与分析.仪表技术. 2007, 7: 15~17
44. Alex McCarthy. Special Focus: Understanding the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol. NI Developer Zone, 2007, 3
45. Hans Weibel. IEEE 1588 Implementation and Performance of Time Stamping Techniques. 2004 Conference on IEEE 1588. 2004, 9
46. EXC-1553PCI/MCH EXC-1553cPCI/MCH MIL-STD-1553 Test And Simulation Board For PCI Systems User’s Manual.Excalibur Systems Inc. 2002, 5
47. EXCALIBUR PCI/MCH Family Software Tools Programmer’s Reference. Excalibur Systems Inc. 2001, 9
48. BusTools/1553-API Software Reference Manual. Condor Engineering Inc. 2004
49. BusTools/1553-API Software User’s Manual. Condor Engineering Inc. 2004
50.刘桂山,胡军程. 1553B总线信息流设计.北京理工大学学报. 2003, 23: 301~304
51. S.Uchitel. Synthesis of Behavioral Models from Scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. February 2003, 29(2): 99~115
52.吴敏.利用UML开发协同工作环境.电气传动自动化. 2008, (30): 50~52
53.周之英.现代软件工程(中).科学出版社. 2000: 397~428
54.张海藩.软件工程导论.清华大学出版社. 2002: 176~275
55.许育诚.软件测试与质量管理.电子工业出版社. 2004: 39~49