美国中小学营养服务研究
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摘要
当今营养健康的重点人群已经指向了中小学生,学校营养服务已经成为健康教育的一个重要组成部分。如何有效地开展学校营养服务工作以改善学生的营养健康水平、养成良好的饮食习惯,形成终身健康的意识,已经成为我们必须关注的现实教育问题。
在世界各国的中小学营养服务中,美国是开展营养服务较早、也是最具有改革成效国家之一。美国的学校营养服务无论是政策制定,还是实践发展都对世界各国的营养服务改革提供了有益的借鉴。本文共分六个部分：第一部分论述了研究选题,对国内外的研究进行综述,并界定核心概念以及阐明了研究的思路与方法。第二部分在综合大量历史文献的基础上,简要叙述和分析了美国中小学营养服务的历史发展。第三部分主要对美国中小学营养服务的主要目标和内容构成进行介绍和分析。第四部分主要对美国中小学营养服务的实施步骤和实施计划进行较为详细的叙述和分析。第五部分总结了美国中小学营养服务的主要特色和重要经验。第六部分简要叙述了我国中小学营养服务工作的现状,在与美国学校营养服务比较的基础上提出了对我国的几点启示。
Since the focus of nutrition health is on the school students, the school nutrition services are the essential part of health education. How to carry out the nutrition services effectively becomes a practical education issue that we must focus on. Because the school nutrition services can improve the status of nutrition and health among students, develop good diet habits and form life-long health consciousness.
Among the countries all over the world, the United States is the earliest country and has the best performance on school nutrition services. And America provides many experiences on policy development and practices for many other countries.There are six chapters in this thesis. Chapter one explains the research selection, the literatures review, the core concepts of nutrition services, the research methods and the research ideas.Chapter two describes and analyzes the development of the school nutrition services in the U.S.A.,which basing on a great deal of historical documents.Chapter three introduces the object and content of the school nutrition services.Chapter four narrates and analyzes the implementing steps and plan of the school nutrition services. Chapter five summarizes the characteristics and the experience of the school nutrition services. Chapter six narrates briefly the development of the school nutrition services in China and provides enlightenments by comparing the American school nutrition services.
在世界各国的中小学营养服务中,美国是开展营养服务较早、也是最具有改革成效国家之一。美国的学校营养服务无论是政策制定,还是实践发展都对世界各国的营养服务改革提供了有益的借鉴。本文共分六个部分：第一部分论述了研究选题,对国内外的研究进行综述,并界定核心概念以及阐明了研究的思路与方法。第二部分在综合大量历史文献的基础上,简要叙述和分析了美国中小学营养服务的历史发展。第三部分主要对美国中小学营养服务的主要目标和内容构成进行介绍和分析。第四部分主要对美国中小学营养服务的实施步骤和实施计划进行较为详细的叙述和分析。第五部分总结了美国中小学营养服务的主要特色和重要经验。第六部分简要叙述了我国中小学营养服务工作的现状,在与美国学校营养服务比较的基础上提出了对我国的几点启示。
Since the focus of nutrition health is on the school students, the school nutrition services are the essential part of health education. How to carry out the nutrition services effectively becomes a practical education issue that we must focus on. Because the school nutrition services can improve the status of nutrition and health among students, develop good diet habits and form life-long health consciousness.
Among the countries all over the world, the United States is the earliest country and has the best performance on school nutrition services. And America provides many experiences on policy development and practices for many other countries.There are six chapters in this thesis. Chapter one explains the research selection, the literatures review, the core concepts of nutrition services, the research methods and the research ideas.Chapter two describes and analyzes the development of the school nutrition services in the U.S.A.,which basing on a great deal of historical documents.Chapter three introduces the object and content of the school nutrition services.Chapter four narrates and analyzes the implementing steps and plan of the school nutrition services. Chapter five summarizes the characteristics and the experience of the school nutrition services. Chapter six narrates briefly the development of the school nutrition services in China and provides enlightenments by comparing the American school nutrition services.
引文
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[1]http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/default.htm美国农业部下的营养政策及促进中心主页
[2]http://www.cdc.gov/美国疾病与预防控制中心主页
[3]http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=1 & tax_subj ect=242美国农业部下的食物与营养信息中心主页
[4]http://www.hhs.gov/美国健康及人类服务部主页
[5]http://pubs.nutrition.org/美国营养学会期刊主页
[6]http://www.calsna.org/index.asp美国加利福尼亚州与学校营养协会主页
[7]http://www.nde.state.ne.us/ns/index.htm美国内布拉斯加州教育部下的营养服务主页
[8]http://www.eatright.org/cps/rde/xchg/ada/hs.xsl/nutrition.html美国餐饮协会下的食物与营养信息主页
[9]http://www.nfsmi.org/美国国际食品管理协会
[10]http://www.nutritionnc.com/美国南达科塔州营养服务主页