基于耐久性指标的钢筋混凝土简支梁桥合理耐用构造研究
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摘要
本文针对钢筋混凝土简支梁桥的结构特点,基于现有研究成果,采用多指标分级加权法建立钢筋混凝土简支梁桥结构体系耐久性指标,用所建立的耐久性指标对某钢筋混凝土简支梁桥进行研究,通过调整影响耐久性指标的混凝土保护层厚度、钢筋直径等细部构造,分析各细部构造对桥梁耐久性的影响程度,从而确定钢筋混凝土简支梁桥的合理耐用构造,为桥梁结构的耐久性评估和设计提供依据。主要研究内容如下：
1.在分析国内外关于钢筋混凝土梁桥耐久性研究成果的基础上,针对钢筋混凝土简支梁桥耐久性的主要影响因素,选择合理的寿命准则,采用多指标分级加权的方法,建立单个部件的耐久性指标表达公式。
2.考虑各部件对结构体系的重要程度,以构件重要性系数为表达方式,建立混凝土简支梁桥耐久性指标计算公式。
3.结合混凝土简支梁桥结构特点,以主梁、桥面板、桥墩和基础为主要部件,建立混凝土简支梁桥耐久性分析层次模型,采用层次分析法确定了各部件权向量及重要性系数。
4.对T梁桥耐久性中混凝土保护层厚度、钢筋直径等细部构造进行调整,分析各因素对桥梁耐用性的影响；以承载能力和经济性作为约束条件,分析提出钢筋混凝土简支梁桥保护层厚度、钢筋直径、混凝土强度等级合理的建议值。
This paper combined with the structural features of reinforced concrete simple-supported beam bridges, based on available research results, through multi-index grading weighting method created the indicators of reinforced concrete simple-supported bridges'durability. And applied the indicators in one concrete simple-supported bridge, adjust concrete cover thickness, diameter of steel bar and other detail structures, analysis each detail structure' affect on the durability of bridge, so as to make sure rational structure of the bridge, supply gist with bridge structural viability evaluation and design.This paper had done as follows:
1.On the basis of analyses both here and abroad about reinforced concrete simple-supported bridge durability production, specific to primary influence factors of reinforced beam bridge, select rational durability criteria, through multi-index grading weighting method create a formulae of single component indicator.
2.Consider the importance of each single component in structural system, create a formulae with component significance cofficient, which can computing concrete simply supported beam bridge durability indicator.
3.Combine the characteristics of concrete simple-supported bridges, with main beam, bridge deck, bridge pier and foundation as main components, create a hierarchical model of concrete simple-supported bridges' durability,reference to historical research findings, determined each single component' weight vector and its importance factor through Analytical Hierarchy Process.
4.Take one reinforced concrete simple-supported T-beam bridge for example, use the durability indicators created in this paper judged endurance life of the bridge, based on this work,by adjust, diameter of steel bar and other detail structures, analysis each detail structure' affect on the durability of bridge, use bearing capacity and economical efficiency as the constraint condition, ascertain concrete simple-supported beam bridge in reasonable duration structure.
By the medium of durability exponential analysis of variance, suggest that the thickness of concrete cover may have little increase on the basis of the, diameter of steel bar and grade of concrete, in condition of meet the requirement of criterion,may chose a lower value.
1.在分析国内外关于钢筋混凝土梁桥耐久性研究成果的基础上,针对钢筋混凝土简支梁桥耐久性的主要影响因素,选择合理的寿命准则,采用多指标分级加权的方法,建立单个部件的耐久性指标表达公式。
2.考虑各部件对结构体系的重要程度,以构件重要性系数为表达方式,建立混凝土简支梁桥耐久性指标计算公式。
3.结合混凝土简支梁桥结构特点,以主梁、桥面板、桥墩和基础为主要部件,建立混凝土简支梁桥耐久性分析层次模型,采用层次分析法确定了各部件权向量及重要性系数。
4.对T梁桥耐久性中混凝土保护层厚度、钢筋直径等细部构造进行调整,分析各因素对桥梁耐用性的影响；以承载能力和经济性作为约束条件,分析提出钢筋混凝土简支梁桥保护层厚度、钢筋直径、混凝土强度等级合理的建议值。
This paper combined with the structural features of reinforced concrete simple-supported beam bridges, based on available research results, through multi-index grading weighting method created the indicators of reinforced concrete simple-supported bridges'durability. And applied the indicators in one concrete simple-supported bridge, adjust concrete cover thickness, diameter of steel bar and other detail structures, analysis each detail structure' affect on the durability of bridge, so as to make sure rational structure of the bridge, supply gist with bridge structural viability evaluation and design.This paper had done as follows:
1.On the basis of analyses both here and abroad about reinforced concrete simple-supported bridge durability production, specific to primary influence factors of reinforced beam bridge, select rational durability criteria, through multi-index grading weighting method create a formulae of single component indicator.
2.Consider the importance of each single component in structural system, create a formulae with component significance cofficient, which can computing concrete simply supported beam bridge durability indicator.
3.Combine the characteristics of concrete simple-supported bridges, with main beam, bridge deck, bridge pier and foundation as main components, create a hierarchical model of concrete simple-supported bridges' durability,reference to historical research findings, determined each single component' weight vector and its importance factor through Analytical Hierarchy Process.
4.Take one reinforced concrete simple-supported T-beam bridge for example, use the durability indicators created in this paper judged endurance life of the bridge, based on this work,by adjust, diameter of steel bar and other detail structures, analysis each detail structure' affect on the durability of bridge, use bearing capacity and economical efficiency as the constraint condition, ascertain concrete simple-supported beam bridge in reasonable duration structure.
By the medium of durability exponential analysis of variance, suggest that the thickness of concrete cover may have little increase on the basis of the, diameter of steel bar and grade of concrete, in condition of meet the requirement of criterion,may chose a lower value.
引文
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[4]Ruben Mario Salas Pereira. Accelerated Corrosion Testing、Evaluation and Durability Design of Bonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Tendons, The University of Texas at Austin, August 2003.
[5]Kim A.T. Vu. Predicting the Likelihood and Extent of Reinforced Concrete Corrosion-Induced Cracking, Journal of Structural Engineering(?)ASCE, November 2005, 1681-1689.
[6]George E.Ramey. Structural Design Actions to Mitigate Bridge Deck Cracking, Practice periodical on Structural Design and Construction, August 1997,118-124.
[7]张誉,蒋利学,张伟平等.混凝土结构耐久性概论[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2003.12
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[13]赵鹏飞,王娴明.模糊数学在混凝土构件耐久性评定中的应用初探[J].工业建筑,1997,27(5)：7-10,62
[14]卢木,王娴明.结构耐久性多层次综合评定[J].工业建筑,1998,28(1)：1-8
[15]张德峰,等.现代预应力混凝土结构耐久性的研究现状及其特点[J].工业建筑,2000,30(11)：1-4
[16]陈昌伟,等.桥梁钢筋锈蚀及其对策[J].公路,1999(6)：1-6
[17]包琦玮,等.北京地区混凝土桥梁耐久性若干问题及对策[J].城市道路与防洪,2000(6)：16～20
[18]王春生,陈惟珍等.桥梁损伤安全评定与维护管理策略[J].交通运输工程学报,2002(1)：6～8
[19]夏宁,任青文.基于模糊聚类分析法的构件耐久性评估[J].混凝土,2004,(3)：14～16
[20]李芳.基于时变可靠度的混凝土梁式桥合理耐用结构构造分析[D].硕士学位论文,西安：长安大学.2009.
[21]中华人民共和国行业标准,公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范(JTGD62-2004)[S],北京.人民交通出版社.2004.
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[24]混凝土结构耐久性设计规范[S],GB／T 50476-2008,中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部,2008.
[25]牛荻涛.混凝土结构耐久性与寿命预测[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[26]赵卓,蒋晓东.受腐蚀混凝土结构耐久性检测诊断[M].黄河水利出版社,2006
[27]洪定海.混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与保护.北京中国铁道出版社,1998
[28]陈肇元.混凝土结构的耐久性设计方法Ⅰ[J].建筑技术,2003年第34卷第5期,328-333.
[29]吴海军,陈艾荣.桥梁结构耐久性设计方法研究[J],中国公路学报,2004年7月第17卷第3期,57-62.
[30]中华人民共和国国家标准.混凝土结构设计规范(GB50010-2002)[S].2002.北京.中国建筑工业出版社
[31]阿列克谢耶夫著,黄可信,吴兴祖等译.钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀与保护[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[32]朱安民.混凝土碳化与钢筋混凝土耐久性[J].混凝土.1992(6)：18～22.
[33]许丽萍,黄士元.预测混凝土中碳化深度的数学模型.上海建材学院学报,1991,4(4)：347～356
[34]张誉,蒋利学.基于碳化机理的混凝土碳化深度实用数学模型[J].工业建筑,1998,28(1)：16～19
[35]邸小坛,周燕.旧建筑物的检测加固与维修[M].北京.地震出版社,1992
[36]Tuutti.Corrosion of steel in concrete.CBI Forskning Research,1982
[37]王娴明等.混凝土结构耐久性检测指南[S].建设部科技研究课题85-1908,混凝土结构耐久性及耐久性设计鉴定文件之三,1996.
[38]于繁华,刘寒冰.钢筋混凝土简支梁的多目标可靠性稳健优化设计[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(8)：52—56.
[39]甘应爱,田丰,李维铮等.运筹学[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[40]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津大学出版社.1988
[2]黄兴隶.工程结构可靠性设计[M].北京：人民交通出版社,1989
[3]李田,刘西拉.混凝土结构的耐久性设计[J].土木工程学报,1994,27(2)：47-55
[4]Ruben Mario Salas Pereira. Accelerated Corrosion Testing、Evaluation and Durability Design of Bonded Post-Tensioned Concrete Tendons, The University of Texas at Austin, August 2003.
[5]Kim A.T. Vu. Predicting the Likelihood and Extent of Reinforced Concrete Corrosion-Induced Cracking, Journal of Structural Engineering(?)ASCE, November 2005, 1681-1689.
[6]George E.Ramey. Structural Design Actions to Mitigate Bridge Deck Cracking, Practice periodical on Structural Design and Construction, August 1997,118-124.
[7]张誉,蒋利学,张伟平等.混凝土结构耐久性概论[M].上海：上海科学技术出版社,2003.12
[8]段树金.日本《混凝土结构物耐久性设计准则(试行)》简介[J].华北水利水电学院学报,1991(2)：31-36
[9]周燕.CEB耐久混凝土结构设计指南(第三版)[S].北京：中国建筑科学研究院结构所,1991
[10]金伟良,赵羽习.混凝土结构耐久性[M].北京：科学出版社,2002
[11]贡金鑫,赵国藩.钢筋混凝土结构耐久性研究的进展[J].工业建筑,2000(5)：1-5
[12]屈文俊,车惠民.裂缝对混凝土桥梁耐久性影响的评估[J].铁道学报,1997,19(4)：90-98
[13]赵鹏飞,王娴明.模糊数学在混凝土构件耐久性评定中的应用初探[J].工业建筑,1997,27(5)：7-10,62
[14]卢木,王娴明.结构耐久性多层次综合评定[J].工业建筑,1998,28(1)：1-8
[15]张德峰,等.现代预应力混凝土结构耐久性的研究现状及其特点[J].工业建筑,2000,30(11)：1-4
[16]陈昌伟,等.桥梁钢筋锈蚀及其对策[J].公路,1999(6)：1-6
[17]包琦玮,等.北京地区混凝土桥梁耐久性若干问题及对策[J].城市道路与防洪,2000(6)：16～20
[18]王春生,陈惟珍等.桥梁损伤安全评定与维护管理策略[J].交通运输工程学报,2002(1)：6～8
[19]夏宁,任青文.基于模糊聚类分析法的构件耐久性评估[J].混凝土,2004,(3)：14～16
[20]李芳.基于时变可靠度的混凝土梁式桥合理耐用结构构造分析[D].硕士学位论文,西安：长安大学.2009.
[21]中华人民共和国行业标准,公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范(JTGD62-2004)[S],北京.人民交通出版社.2004.
[22]金伟良,赵羽习著.混凝土结构耐久性[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[23]混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南[S],CCES 01-2004北京：中国土木工程学会标准,2004.
[24]混凝土结构耐久性设计规范[S],GB／T 50476-2008,中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部,2008.
[25]牛荻涛.混凝土结构耐久性与寿命预测[M].北京：科学出版社,2003
[26]赵卓,蒋晓东.受腐蚀混凝土结构耐久性检测诊断[M].黄河水利出版社,2006
[27]洪定海.混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀与保护.北京中国铁道出版社,1998
[28]陈肇元.混凝土结构的耐久性设计方法Ⅰ[J].建筑技术,2003年第34卷第5期,328-333.
[29]吴海军,陈艾荣.桥梁结构耐久性设计方法研究[J],中国公路学报,2004年7月第17卷第3期,57-62.
[30]中华人民共和国国家标准.混凝土结构设计规范(GB50010-2002)[S].2002.北京.中国建筑工业出版社
[31]阿列克谢耶夫著,黄可信,吴兴祖等译.钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋腐蚀与保护[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[32]朱安民.混凝土碳化与钢筋混凝土耐久性[J].混凝土.1992(6)：18～22.
[33]许丽萍,黄士元.预测混凝土中碳化深度的数学模型.上海建材学院学报,1991,4(4)：347～356
[34]张誉,蒋利学.基于碳化机理的混凝土碳化深度实用数学模型[J].工业建筑,1998,28(1)：16～19
[35]邸小坛,周燕.旧建筑物的检测加固与维修[M].北京.地震出版社,1992
[36]Tuutti.Corrosion of steel in concrete.CBI Forskning Research,1982
[37]王娴明等.混凝土结构耐久性检测指南[S].建设部科技研究课题85-1908,混凝土结构耐久性及耐久性设计鉴定文件之三,1996.
[38]于繁华,刘寒冰.钢筋混凝土简支梁的多目标可靠性稳健优化设计[J].公路交通科技,2007,24(8)：52—56.
[39]甘应爱,田丰,李维铮等.运筹学[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[40]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津大学出版社.1988