萨中开发区主力油层高浓度驱油方案
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摘要
大庆油田经过今50年的勘探开发,聚合物驱油技术已经在大庆油田大面积推广应用,成为油田可持续发展的重要措施。聚合物驱油矿场试验和推广应用表明:目前聚合物驱提高采收率只有12%左右。三元复合驱提高采收率可达到20%左右,但该技术复杂、投资大、成本高,而且目前技术尚未成熟。多个项目组最近的研究结果表明,利用聚丙烯酰胺的粘弹性可以使聚合物驱采收率在水驱基础上提高20%。
为了探索一类油层进一步提高采收率新技术,在室内对高浓度驱油效果进行研究的基础上,萨中开发区经过5年多的实践,对高浓度驱适应的油层条件、动态变化特点以及驱油效果取得了一定的认识,随着对高浓度驱油技术认识的不断加深,2009年将进一步扩大推广应用规模,对南一区西东块主力油层进行整体高浓度驱油方案设计。通过南一区西东井网由250m加密到125m的沉积特征对比,对沉积单元的砂体分布及规模有了进一步认识;从单元的河道砂连通状况、渗透率分布规律、隔夹层的特点、韵律发育特征的研究对储层非均质性有了定性分析,综合剩余油的分布及对不同发育状况的油层动用程度的分析,对区块的地质状况有了比较全面的了解。并对空白水驱阶段的开采效果进行分析总结。对不同聚合物用量、不同段塞组合、注高浓度的不同时机对开采效果的影响进行了室内岩芯驱油试验,试验表明:聚合物用量越大,提高采收率越高;在段塞组合上先注高浓度聚合物的采收率提高值最大,在此基础上并结合大庆油田已完成的主力油层区块取得的好的经验和做法,围绕最大限度提高油田采收率的目标,对区块的聚合物注入分子量、注入浓度、注入速度等注聚参数采取分站个性化设计。。预计注聚前采取3500万超高分前置段塞实施整体调剖的大原则上,通过提高聚合物浓度、分层注聚等注聚过程中一系列跟踪调整措施预测达到中心井提高采收率22%以上、总采收率60%以上的目标。
Through 50 years’exploration in polymer flooding technology, this technology has been widely used and becomes an important method used for substantial development in in Daqing Oilfield. The experiments and application in polymer flooding field show that the increase of recovery factor is only about 12%. The increase using asp flooding solution can reach to 20%. However, this technique is complex and requires large investment. The research results of a number of research groups show that, As a result, this leads to recovery factor of polymer flooding increases about 20% on the basis of water flooding.
In order to explore the new technology used for the increase of recovery factor in a certain oil reservoir, Sazhong Developing Area has performed several experiments in the major reservoirs in west part of Middle Area and east part of South-1 Area. On the basis of indoor research of the effects on high concentration of oil flooding, we have understood the mechanism of high concentration of different flooding, as well as the features of their effects and variations. With these understandings, a plan regarding whole high concentration of oil flooding will be designed. Through the comparison between a 250m and 125m grid in east well of South-1 Area, we have got further knowledge about sedimentary units’sand body distribution and scale. We also get qualitative analysis about river sand connectivity, permeability distribution, features of interplay layers, and rhyme development. After analyzing the distribution of remaining oil, we can get a full view on this area’s geological condition and summarize the production effect on the stage of blank water flooding.
Indoor core oil flooding experiment was performed to test the effects of different polymer volume, different slug combination and different production time. The results show that the larger polymer volume, the higher recovery factor. Recovery factor can reach to its peak value if high concentration polymer is first injected in slug combination. According to the comparison among different stages of injection time: early stage, middle-earlier stage, middle-later stage, and late stage, we realize that the earlier injection of high concentration polymer, the higher increase of recovery factor. Combining the experience and method in major oil layer in Daqing Oilfield, the polymer injection parameters, such as polymer injection weight, injection concentration, and injection velocity, have been carefully designed to increase the recovery factor in oil field. Pressure space and PV relationship charts are drawn to calculate high concentration slug volume in single wells, which prove that every station can inject high concentration slug with different slug volume in different station. 35 million ultra-high grid previa slug should be applied to adjust before polymer injection. Through increase in polymer concentration and layer polymer injection, the recovery factor in the central well can increase by 22% with total recovery factor increasing by 60%.
为了探索一类油层进一步提高采收率新技术,在室内对高浓度驱油效果进行研究的基础上,萨中开发区经过5年多的实践,对高浓度驱适应的油层条件、动态变化特点以及驱油效果取得了一定的认识,随着对高浓度驱油技术认识的不断加深,2009年将进一步扩大推广应用规模,对南一区西东块主力油层进行整体高浓度驱油方案设计。通过南一区西东井网由250m加密到125m的沉积特征对比,对沉积单元的砂体分布及规模有了进一步认识;从单元的河道砂连通状况、渗透率分布规律、隔夹层的特点、韵律发育特征的研究对储层非均质性有了定性分析,综合剩余油的分布及对不同发育状况的油层动用程度的分析,对区块的地质状况有了比较全面的了解。并对空白水驱阶段的开采效果进行分析总结。对不同聚合物用量、不同段塞组合、注高浓度的不同时机对开采效果的影响进行了室内岩芯驱油试验,试验表明:聚合物用量越大,提高采收率越高;在段塞组合上先注高浓度聚合物的采收率提高值最大,在此基础上并结合大庆油田已完成的主力油层区块取得的好的经验和做法,围绕最大限度提高油田采收率的目标,对区块的聚合物注入分子量、注入浓度、注入速度等注聚参数采取分站个性化设计。。预计注聚前采取3500万超高分前置段塞实施整体调剖的大原则上,通过提高聚合物浓度、分层注聚等注聚过程中一系列跟踪调整措施预测达到中心井提高采收率22%以上、总采收率60%以上的目标。
Through 50 years’exploration in polymer flooding technology, this technology has been widely used and becomes an important method used for substantial development in in Daqing Oilfield. The experiments and application in polymer flooding field show that the increase of recovery factor is only about 12%. The increase using asp flooding solution can reach to 20%. However, this technique is complex and requires large investment. The research results of a number of research groups show that, As a result, this leads to recovery factor of polymer flooding increases about 20% on the basis of water flooding.
In order to explore the new technology used for the increase of recovery factor in a certain oil reservoir, Sazhong Developing Area has performed several experiments in the major reservoirs in west part of Middle Area and east part of South-1 Area. On the basis of indoor research of the effects on high concentration of oil flooding, we have understood the mechanism of high concentration of different flooding, as well as the features of their effects and variations. With these understandings, a plan regarding whole high concentration of oil flooding will be designed. Through the comparison between a 250m and 125m grid in east well of South-1 Area, we have got further knowledge about sedimentary units’sand body distribution and scale. We also get qualitative analysis about river sand connectivity, permeability distribution, features of interplay layers, and rhyme development. After analyzing the distribution of remaining oil, we can get a full view on this area’s geological condition and summarize the production effect on the stage of blank water flooding.
Indoor core oil flooding experiment was performed to test the effects of different polymer volume, different slug combination and different production time. The results show that the larger polymer volume, the higher recovery factor. Recovery factor can reach to its peak value if high concentration polymer is first injected in slug combination. According to the comparison among different stages of injection time: early stage, middle-earlier stage, middle-later stage, and late stage, we realize that the earlier injection of high concentration polymer, the higher increase of recovery factor. Combining the experience and method in major oil layer in Daqing Oilfield, the polymer injection parameters, such as polymer injection weight, injection concentration, and injection velocity, have been carefully designed to increase the recovery factor in oil field. Pressure space and PV relationship charts are drawn to calculate high concentration slug volume in single wells, which prove that every station can inject high concentration slug with different slug volume in different station. 35 million ultra-high grid previa slug should be applied to adjust before polymer injection. Through increase in polymer concentration and layer polymer injection, the recovery factor in the central well can increase by 22% with total recovery factor increasing by 60%.
引文
1.王德民.发展三次采油新理论新技术,确保大庆油田持续稳定发展(上).大庆石油地质与开发,2001,29(3):1~5
2.王德民.对大庆油田持续发展有影响的四项工艺技术与方法的探讨.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):10~19
3.杨付林,王德民,杨希志,等.高浓度大段塞聚合物驱油效果的研究.石油与天然气化工,2003,32(5):298-304.
4. F. E. Debons, R. W. Braun著,李群译.聚合物驱—仍然是一项有效的IOR技术.国外油田工程,1996,(4):1~5
5.姜言里,张嘉云等.聚合物驱油最佳技术条件优选.北京:石油工业出版社,1994,51~60
6.姜言里,卢忠等.聚合物驱油经济最佳用量的优选.大庆石油地质与开发,1995,14(3),47~51
7.韩培慧,董志林,张庆茹.聚合物驱油合理用量的选择.大庆石油地质与开发,1999,18(1),40~41
8.程杰成,王德民,吴军政,李群等.驱油用聚合物的分子量优选.石油学报,2000,21(1),102~106
9.王德民,程杰成,杨清延.粘弹性聚合物溶液能够提高岩心的微观驱油效率.石油学报, 2000,21(5):45-51.
10.唐季安,聚丙烯酰胺在油水界面的流变性.物理化学学报,1998,14(1):88～92
11 .张逢玉,卢艳,韩建彬.复配体系在三次采油中的作用.石油与天然气化工,1999,28(2):130～133
12.贾忠伟.油水界面张力对复合驱驱油效果影响的实验研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(5):79～81
13. I. Lakatos,J. Lakatos-Szabo.Effect of IOR/EOR Chemicals on Interfacial Rheological Properties of Crude Oil/Water Systems.SPE,2001,136(6):13～16
14. Wang Wei,Gu Yongan.Experimental Studies of the Detection and Reuse of Produced Chemicals in Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer Floods.SPE,2005,8(5):362～371
15 .康万利,董喜贵.三次采油化学原理.北京:化学工业出版社,1997.4-7
16. P. B. Briley , A. R. Deemer , J. C. Slattery . Blunt Knife-Edge and Disk Surface Viscometers.JCIS,1976,56(l):221～229
17.王凤兰,杨凤华.高浓度复合体系的界面张力及其影响因素.大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(2):25～28
18吴文祥,张玉丰,胡锦强.聚合物及表面活性剂二元复合体系驱油物理模拟实验.大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):98～100
19.崔晓东,辛浩川,.聚合物驱后利用OCS表面活性剂/聚合物二元体系提高采收率的研究.精细石油化工进展,2006,7(1):1～3
20 .李孟涛,刘先贵,.复合体系驱油试验研究.石油钻采工艺,2004,26(5):73～76
21.Standing M. B.:“Volumetric and Phase Behavior of Oil Field Hydrocarbon Systems,”Dallas, SPE of AIME, 1977, P122.
22. Serghides T K:“Estimate Friction Factor Accurately,”Chem. Eng.(1984), 91(5): 63-64.
23.Sutton R. P.:“Compressibility Factors for High-Molecular Weight Reservoir Gases,”Paper SPE14265, 1985.
24. Sutton R P, Stuart A. Cox S A, E. Glynn Williams E G, et al:“Gas Well Performance at Sub-critical Rates,”SPE 80887, 2003
25. Takacs G.:“Comparisons Made for Computer Z-Factors Calculations,”Oil & Gas J. (20, Dec. 1976) 64.
26.Theory and Practice of the Testing of Gas Wells, Energy Resources Conservation Board, CAN, 1975.
27.Turner R G, Hubbard M G and Dukler A E:“Analysis and Prediction of Minimum Flow Rate for the Continuous Removal of Liquids from Gas Wells,”J. Pet. Tech. (Nov., 1969) 1475-82.
2.王德民.对大庆油田持续发展有影响的四项工艺技术与方法的探讨.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):10~19
3.杨付林,王德民,杨希志,等.高浓度大段塞聚合物驱油效果的研究.石油与天然气化工,2003,32(5):298-304.
4. F. E. Debons, R. W. Braun著,李群译.聚合物驱—仍然是一项有效的IOR技术.国外油田工程,1996,(4):1~5
5.姜言里,张嘉云等.聚合物驱油最佳技术条件优选.北京:石油工业出版社,1994,51~60
6.姜言里,卢忠等.聚合物驱油经济最佳用量的优选.大庆石油地质与开发,1995,14(3),47~51
7.韩培慧,董志林,张庆茹.聚合物驱油合理用量的选择.大庆石油地质与开发,1999,18(1),40~41
8.程杰成,王德民,吴军政,李群等.驱油用聚合物的分子量优选.石油学报,2000,21(1),102~106
9.王德民,程杰成,杨清延.粘弹性聚合物溶液能够提高岩心的微观驱油效率.石油学报, 2000,21(5):45-51.
10.唐季安,聚丙烯酰胺在油水界面的流变性.物理化学学报,1998,14(1):88～92
11 .张逢玉,卢艳,韩建彬.复配体系在三次采油中的作用.石油与天然气化工,1999,28(2):130～133
12.贾忠伟.油水界面张力对复合驱驱油效果影响的实验研究.大庆石油地质与开发,2005,24(5):79～81
13. I. Lakatos,J. Lakatos-Szabo.Effect of IOR/EOR Chemicals on Interfacial Rheological Properties of Crude Oil/Water Systems.SPE,2001,136(6):13～16
14. Wang Wei,Gu Yongan.Experimental Studies of the Detection and Reuse of Produced Chemicals in Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer Floods.SPE,2005,8(5):362～371
15 .康万利,董喜贵.三次采油化学原理.北京:化学工业出版社,1997.4-7
16. P. B. Briley , A. R. Deemer , J. C. Slattery . Blunt Knife-Edge and Disk Surface Viscometers.JCIS,1976,56(l):221～229
17.王凤兰,杨凤华.高浓度复合体系的界面张力及其影响因素.大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(2):25～28
18吴文祥,张玉丰,胡锦强.聚合物及表面活性剂二元复合体系驱油物理模拟实验.大庆石油学院学报,2005,29(6):98～100
19.崔晓东,辛浩川,.聚合物驱后利用OCS表面活性剂/聚合物二元体系提高采收率的研究.精细石油化工进展,2006,7(1):1～3
20 .李孟涛,刘先贵,.复合体系驱油试验研究.石油钻采工艺,2004,26(5):73～76
21.Standing M. B.:“Volumetric and Phase Behavior of Oil Field Hydrocarbon Systems,”Dallas, SPE of AIME, 1977, P122.
22. Serghides T K:“Estimate Friction Factor Accurately,”Chem. Eng.(1984), 91(5): 63-64.
23.Sutton R. P.:“Compressibility Factors for High-Molecular Weight Reservoir Gases,”Paper SPE14265, 1985.
24. Sutton R P, Stuart A. Cox S A, E. Glynn Williams E G, et al:“Gas Well Performance at Sub-critical Rates,”SPE 80887, 2003
25. Takacs G.:“Comparisons Made for Computer Z-Factors Calculations,”Oil & Gas J. (20, Dec. 1976) 64.
26.Theory and Practice of the Testing of Gas Wells, Energy Resources Conservation Board, CAN, 1975.
27.Turner R G, Hubbard M G and Dukler A E:“Analysis and Prediction of Minimum Flow Rate for the Continuous Removal of Liquids from Gas Wells,”J. Pet. Tech. (Nov., 1969) 1475-82.