轴向力作用下T型方管节点滞回性能的试验研究
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摘要
钢管结构由于其外表美观、自重轻、加工简单、安装快捷,在世界各国得到广泛的应用。尤其是近几年来,我国钢产量逐年增加和钢管加工技术的日益成熟,钢管在我国应用量也逐年增加。对管节点静力性能已经开展了大量的研究工作,并且研究成果已经比较成熟,但对节点在往复轴向载荷作用下工作性能的研究却很少。尤其在我国对方管节点在往复轴向荷载作用下的滞回性能还没有进行试验研究,而我国又是个多地震国家。基于此本文对T型方管节点在轴向荷载作用下的滞回性能进行试验研究,共进行了两种约束条件的12个T型方管节点的伪静力试验。对试验过程和试验结果进行了详细的分析整理,并采用ANSYS程序对试验进行模拟。具体进行了以下几个方面的工作:
(1)对T型节点进行ANSYS建模,分析主要参数对节点滞回性能的影响,同时考虑试验室现有条件,确定预做试验节点的几何参数,并分析其静力性能,为试件的详细设计做准备。
(2)设计、加工试件,并进行了两种约束条件下12个T型方管节点在支杆端部往复轴向荷载作用下的伪静力试验。对试验方法和试验现象进行了详细的描述和总结。
(3)基于试验结果,分析两种约束条件下的T型方管节点在往复荷载下的破坏机制、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、变形能力、承载力、耗能能力及刚度退化。结果表明,T型节点延性好,抗震性能好;当支、弦杆宽度比较小时,两种约束对节点的滞回曲线影响不大;当支、弦杆宽度比较大时,弦杆弯曲对节点的滞回曲线影响较大。
(4)采用ANSYS程序对试件进行模拟,比较了三种单元的计算结果,给出了两种考虑焊缝对节点性能影响的方法。确定了可以用来模拟试验的单元和考虑焊缝的方法,并进行有限元模拟。比较了开裂前有限元结果和试验结果,验证了利用ANSYS分析节点在往复荷载作用下工作性能的可行性。
Steel tubular structures have been widely used in the world because of pleasing appearance, light weight, easy fabrication and rapid installation. Especially in recent years, with the gradual increase of steel output and the developing of steel tubular’s processing technic, steel tubular has been widely used in our country. Many researches have been made to study the static behavior of tubular joints, and research production has been much mature, but there is little of study to research behavior of joints under cyclic axial loading. Especially in our country there is no experimental investigation into hysteretic behavior of SHS (Square Hollow Section) joints under cyclic axial loading, and there is much earthquake in our country. Based on above discussion an experimental investigation into the hysteretic behavior of T-type SHS joints under cyclic axial loading was conducted. Twelve T-type joints with two types of restraints were tested under cyclic quasi-static axial loading in order to get their hysteretic behavior. The detailed analysis for experiment process and its result were conducted. Experiment was simulated and its results were compared by ANSYS program.The main contents in the paper are listed as follows:
(1) The ANSYS model of T-type SHS joint was constructed, the main parameters affecting hysteretic behavior of joints were analyzed and laboratory’s existing condition was considered in order to fix geometry parameters of test specimens. Then static load-carrying capacities of these joints were analyzed to prepare for detailed designing specimens using ANSYS.
(2) Specimens were designed and fabricated, and then twelve T-type joints with two types of restraints were tested under axial cyclic quasi-static loading acting on the brace end to get their hysteretic behavior. The experimental method was introduced in detail, and experimental phenomenon was also described and summarized.
(3) Based on test results, the results of twelve T-type joints with two types of restrictions under cyclic axial loading were analyzed, including failure mechanism, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, deformation capacity, load-carrying capacity, energy dissipation, stiffness decay and so on. The results show that T- type SHS joint has good ductility and aseismic capacity. Whenβis small, there is little affection of different restraints, but whenβis very large, bending deformation of chord affects the joint’s hysteretic behavior.
(4) Experiment was simulated, two methods considering the affection of weld were given, and the results of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and test were compared. It is proved that it is feasible to analyze the working behavior of joint under axial cyclic quasi-static loading before the appearance of crack using ANSYS program.
(1)对T型节点进行ANSYS建模,分析主要参数对节点滞回性能的影响,同时考虑试验室现有条件,确定预做试验节点的几何参数,并分析其静力性能,为试件的详细设计做准备。
(2)设计、加工试件,并进行了两种约束条件下12个T型方管节点在支杆端部往复轴向荷载作用下的伪静力试验。对试验方法和试验现象进行了详细的描述和总结。
(3)基于试验结果,分析两种约束条件下的T型方管节点在往复荷载下的破坏机制、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、变形能力、承载力、耗能能力及刚度退化。结果表明,T型节点延性好,抗震性能好;当支、弦杆宽度比较小时,两种约束对节点的滞回曲线影响不大;当支、弦杆宽度比较大时,弦杆弯曲对节点的滞回曲线影响较大。
(4)采用ANSYS程序对试件进行模拟,比较了三种单元的计算结果,给出了两种考虑焊缝对节点性能影响的方法。确定了可以用来模拟试验的单元和考虑焊缝的方法,并进行有限元模拟。比较了开裂前有限元结果和试验结果,验证了利用ANSYS分析节点在往复荷载作用下工作性能的可行性。
Steel tubular structures have been widely used in the world because of pleasing appearance, light weight, easy fabrication and rapid installation. Especially in recent years, with the gradual increase of steel output and the developing of steel tubular’s processing technic, steel tubular has been widely used in our country. Many researches have been made to study the static behavior of tubular joints, and research production has been much mature, but there is little of study to research behavior of joints under cyclic axial loading. Especially in our country there is no experimental investigation into hysteretic behavior of SHS (Square Hollow Section) joints under cyclic axial loading, and there is much earthquake in our country. Based on above discussion an experimental investigation into the hysteretic behavior of T-type SHS joints under cyclic axial loading was conducted. Twelve T-type joints with two types of restraints were tested under cyclic quasi-static axial loading in order to get their hysteretic behavior. The detailed analysis for experiment process and its result were conducted. Experiment was simulated and its results were compared by ANSYS program.The main contents in the paper are listed as follows:
(1) The ANSYS model of T-type SHS joint was constructed, the main parameters affecting hysteretic behavior of joints were analyzed and laboratory’s existing condition was considered in order to fix geometry parameters of test specimens. Then static load-carrying capacities of these joints were analyzed to prepare for detailed designing specimens using ANSYS.
(2) Specimens were designed and fabricated, and then twelve T-type joints with two types of restraints were tested under axial cyclic quasi-static loading acting on the brace end to get their hysteretic behavior. The experimental method was introduced in detail, and experimental phenomenon was also described and summarized.
(3) Based on test results, the results of twelve T-type joints with two types of restrictions under cyclic axial loading were analyzed, including failure mechanism, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, deformation capacity, load-carrying capacity, energy dissipation, stiffness decay and so on. The results show that T- type SHS joint has good ductility and aseismic capacity. Whenβis small, there is little affection of different restraints, but whenβis very large, bending deformation of chord affects the joint’s hysteretic behavior.
(4) Experiment was simulated, two methods considering the affection of weld were given, and the results of FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and test were compared. It is proved that it is feasible to analyze the working behavior of joint under axial cyclic quasi-static loading before the appearance of crack using ANSYS program.
引文
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2. J. Wardenie著. Hollow Sections in Structural Applications.张其林,刘大康译.同济大学出版社,2002:1～101
3.武振宇,张耀春.直接焊接钢管节点静力工作性能的研究现状.哈尔滨建筑大学学报,Vol.29 .NO.6,Dec.1996
4. Packer, J A., et a1. Ultimate Strength of Gapped Joints in RHS Trusses. J. Struct. Engrg, ASCE. 1982,108(2): 4ll～431
5. Packer, J.A. Web Crippling of Rectangular Hollow Sections. J.Struct. Engrg, ASCE. 1984,l10(10):2357～2373
6. Xiao Ling Zhao, Gregory J. Hancock. T-Joints in Rectangular Hollow Sections Subject To Combined Actions. J. Struct. Engrg, ASCE. 1991, 117(8): 2258～2277
7. Gandhi P, Stig, Berge. Fatigue Behavior of T-Joints: Square Chords and Circular Braces. Journal of Structural Engineering. 1998, 124(4):399～404
8. Xiao Ling Zhao. Deformation limit and Ultimate Strength of Welded T-joints in Cold- formed RHS Sections. J.Constr. Steel Res. 2000,127(10):1173～1182
9. Kim J.R.Rasmussen, Ben Young. Tests of X- and K-Joints in SHS Stainless Steel Tubes. J.Struct.Engrg.2001,127(10):1173～1182
10. C.K.Soh, Fung, F.Qin, W.M. Gho. Behavior of Completely Overlapped under Cyclic Loading. J. Struct. Engrg, ASCE. 2001,127(2):122～128
11. F.Qin, T.C.Fung, C.K.Soh. Hysteretic Behavior of Completely Overlap Tubular Joints. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2001,57(10) :811～829
12. Li Chun Bian, Jae Kyoo Lim. Fatigue Strength and Stress Concentration Factors of CHS-to-RHS T-joints. Journal of Constructional Steel Research.2003, 59: 627～640
13. Sarah Hall, Dr John Owen. The Behavior of Hollow Section Connections under Seismic Loading. The Structural Engineer,17February 2004:22～24
14. M.MK.Lee, S.R.Wilmshurst. Strength of Multiplanar Tubular KK-joints under Antisymmettical Axial Loading. J.Struct.Engrg, ASCE. 1997, 123(6): 755～764
15. Dexter EM, Lee MMK, Kirkwood MG. Overlap K Joints in Circular Hollow Sections under Axial Loading. J Offshore Mech Arctic Engng OMAE 1996,118:53～61
16. M.M.K.Lee, S.R.Wilmshurst. Parameter Study of Strength of Tubular Multiplanar KK-joints. Journal of Structural Engineering. Vol.122,No.8. August,1996:894～904
17. Goto, Y., Wang, Q., and Obata, M. FEM Analysis for Hysteretic Behavior of Thin-walled Steel Columns. J.Struct.Engrg,ASCE.1998,124(11): 1290～1301.
18. E.M.Dexter, M.M.K.Lee. Static Strength of Axially Loaded Tubular K-Joints. Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.125, No.2, February, 1999.
19. Kim J.R.Rasmussen, Ben Young. Tests of X- and K-Joints in SHS Stainless Steel Tubes. J.Struct.Engrg.2001,127(10):1173～1182
20. T.C. Fung, C.K. Soh, W.M. Gho. Ultimate Capacity of Completely Overlapped Tubular Joints. II: Behavioral study. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 57 (2001) :881～906
21. L.Gardner, D.A.Nethercot. Numerical Modeling of Stainless Steel Structural Components-A Consistent Approach. Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.130,No.10, October 1, 2004
22. Y.S.Choo, X.D.Qian, J.Wardenier. Effects of Boundary Conditions and Chord Stresses on Static Strength of Thick-walled CHS K-joints. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 62(2006) :316～328
23.云大真等. T型管节点的拟协调元的计算.计算结构力学及其应用. 1989,6(1):217～223
24.沈祖炎,张志良.焊接方管节点极限承载力计算.同济大学学报. 1990,18(3):273～279
25.武振宇,谭慧光.不等宽T型方管弦杆表面塑性铰线分析模型的研究.工程力学增刊. 1998,336～340
26.武振宇,张耀春.直接焊接T型钢管节点性能的试验研究[J].钢结构.1999,14(2):36～39
27.陈以一,沈祖炎,詹琛,虞晓华,林颖儒.直接汇交节点三重屈服线模型及试验验证.土木工程学报.1999,32(6):27～31
28.武振宇,张耀春,谭慧光.不等宽T型方管节点性能的有限元分析.工程力学增刊.1999:154～158
29.沈祖炎,赵宪忠,陈以一,陈扬骥.大型空间结构整体模型静力试验的若干关键技术.土木程学报. 2001,34(4):102～106
30.武振宇,谭慧光,张耀春.不等宽T型方钢管节点的刚度计算.哈尔滨建筑大学学报. 2002,35(5):13～16
31.陈以一,沈祖炎,翟红,陈扬骥,陈荣毅,杨叔庸,龚模松.圆钢管相贯节点滞回特性的实验研究.建筑结构学报. 2003,24(6):57～62
32.武振宇,张耀春.轴向力作用下T型方管节点的塑性铰线分析.土木工程学报. 2002,35(4):20～24
33.武振宇,张耀春.等宽T型方管节点承载力计算.钢结构. 2002,4(17):13～15
34.武振宇,张耀春.等宽T型方管节点静力工作性能与设计.土木工程学报. 2004,4(37):23～28
35.武胜,武振宇.等宽K形间隙方管节点静力工作性能的研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报. Vol.35 .NO.13,Mar.2003
36.武胜,武振宇.弦杆轴力作用下K型间隙方管节点静力性能的研究.钢结构. 2003,18(2):38～42
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