人造骨骼造型及加工方法
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摘要
人体骨骼模型的个体化制造与加工是医疗康复工程中的一个热点问题,人体骨骼模型制作的好坏直接影响到医学治疗的质量。由于人体骨骼具有形状复杂和不规则性的特点,因此人体骨骼模型的三维建模和制造加工是急需解决的问题。
本文以股骨头为研究对象,利用CT(计算机断层扫描)获得的骨骼图像,通过CAXA制造工程师软件完成对人股骨头模型的建模与仿真制造加工。
在对人体骨骼的三维建模过程中,将CT扫描所得的二维断层图像,通过图像预处理、轮廓提取处理来获得骨骼表面一定数量离散点即股骨头点云。
对股骨头点云通过插值、拟合等方法生成曲线,再采用分片拟合的方法拟合形成骨骼的理想表面。应用这个曲面可最终生成能用于数控加工的CAD实体模型。
在对股骨头的数控编程中,应用CAXA制造工程师,编制出了股骨头的加工程序。股骨头的外轮廓面用知识加工的方法进行粗加工及精加工。并进行后置处理生成数控加工代码(G代码)进行加工仿真。
最后,对全文的研究工作和取得的成果进行了总结,并提出了进一步研究的建议和设想。
It has always been the focal point to study the building and processing of the individual of the human skeleton model. Quality of the model of human bone has a direct effect on the quality of medical treatment. Because of the feature of the complexity and irregularity of the human bone, the 3D modeling and machining of the human bone model becomes an urgent problem to be solved.This thesis regards human bone as an object, adopts CT images of human bone, and accomplishes the 3D model and machining of the model of human bone by using CAXA software.During the 3D modeling of the human bone, acquiring the 2- dimensional image from CT scanning, a series of discrete points are obtained through image processing outline withdraw and coordinate settle.These discrete points are used as control points for interpolation and fitting, forming a group of curves, then a method that draws up to match the cloud is adopted fitted to form an ideal surface of the bone. Finally, this surface is adopted to generate a CAD solid model for NC machining.To the numerical control programming of the human skeleton, use CAXA, has worked out the machining procedure of the bone. The outside outline of the bone surface is carried on through the method that processes with the knowledge. Post posing is carried on to create the code of cutting (code of G) and to carry on process to imitate also.At last we summarized the study work and achievements of this article, and made suggestions and tentative plan about the next steps of this study.
本文以股骨头为研究对象,利用CT(计算机断层扫描)获得的骨骼图像,通过CAXA制造工程师软件完成对人股骨头模型的建模与仿真制造加工。
在对人体骨骼的三维建模过程中,将CT扫描所得的二维断层图像,通过图像预处理、轮廓提取处理来获得骨骼表面一定数量离散点即股骨头点云。
对股骨头点云通过插值、拟合等方法生成曲线,再采用分片拟合的方法拟合形成骨骼的理想表面。应用这个曲面可最终生成能用于数控加工的CAD实体模型。
在对股骨头的数控编程中,应用CAXA制造工程师,编制出了股骨头的加工程序。股骨头的外轮廓面用知识加工的方法进行粗加工及精加工。并进行后置处理生成数控加工代码(G代码)进行加工仿真。
最后,对全文的研究工作和取得的成果进行了总结,并提出了进一步研究的建议和设想。
It has always been the focal point to study the building and processing of the individual of the human skeleton model. Quality of the model of human bone has a direct effect on the quality of medical treatment. Because of the feature of the complexity and irregularity of the human bone, the 3D modeling and machining of the human bone model becomes an urgent problem to be solved.This thesis regards human bone as an object, adopts CT images of human bone, and accomplishes the 3D model and machining of the model of human bone by using CAXA software.During the 3D modeling of the human bone, acquiring the 2- dimensional image from CT scanning, a series of discrete points are obtained through image processing outline withdraw and coordinate settle.These discrete points are used as control points for interpolation and fitting, forming a group of curves, then a method that draws up to match the cloud is adopted fitted to form an ideal surface of the bone. Finally, this surface is adopted to generate a CAD solid model for NC machining.To the numerical control programming of the human skeleton, use CAXA, has worked out the machining procedure of the bone. The outside outline of the bone surface is carried on through the method that processes with the knowledge. Post posing is carried on to create the code of cutting (code of G) and to carry on process to imitate also.At last we summarized the study work and achievements of this article, and made suggestions and tentative plan about the next steps of this study.
引文
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