水稻骨干亲本SSSL群体的构建与QTL分析
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摘要
水稻是一种重要的粮食作物,多数性状为多基因控制的数量性状,对数量性状基因座进行鉴定和定位,对水稻遗传育种具有重要意义。单片段代换系(single segmentsubstitution line,SSSL)只含有一个来自供体亲本的染色体片段,消除了遗传背景的干扰,是用于QTL鉴定和精细定位的重要试验材料。本研究选用三系杂交稻恢复系蜀恢527为供体亲本,两系杂交稻恢复系93-11为轮回亲本,利用回交和分子标记辅助选择相结合的方法,建立了113个单片段代换系,利用其中42个单片段代换系对抽穗期、着粒密度和有效穗数等3个重要农艺性状进行了QTL鉴定和分析,主要结果如下:
1、用359对微卫星标记对供体亲本蜀恢527和受体亲本93-11之间的多态性进行了检测,共筛选出81对在亲本间具有明显多态性且带型较好的分子标记,标记间的平均间隔距离为18.81cM,亲本间的多态率为22.56%。
2、在BC_3F_3和BC_2F_4世代共筛选到113个SSSL,其中包括17组重复片段代换系和13个非重复片段代换系,共30个不同的SSSL。这些单片段代换系上的代换片段分布于水稻的9条染色体上,但在各条染色体上的分布很不均匀,其中5号染色体的候选SSSL最多,有35个。所有单片段代换系代换片段的总长度为3910.88cM,平均每个代换片段的长度为34.61cM。113个单片段代换系的代换片段覆盖基因组的总长度为368.7cM,占水稻基因组全长的24.13%。
3、用SSR和ISSR分子标记对候选单片段代换系进行了遗传背景分析。平均背景相似率为97.27%,遗传背景上供体亲本残留片段的平均覆盖率为0.46%。
4、通过t测验比较单片段代换系与受体亲本之间的差异,以P≤0.001为QTL存在的标准,利用42个单片段替换系共鉴定出水稻3个重要农艺性状的17个QTL,分别为9个抽穗期QTL,7个着粒密度QTL和1个有效穗数QTL。本研究检出的QTL中有Hd-3、Hd-6-1、Hd-8-2和Hd-11等4个与前人的研究结果相似,另外13个为新检出的QTL。
5、用于QTL鉴定的42个单片段代换系中共有7个片段重叠群,利用代换作图法将其上的数个QTL定位在了更短的区段上,其中抽穗期QTL Hd-9被定位于RM23785和RM23918之间,区段长度为1.62cM。通过代换作图法还鉴定出一个抽穗期QTL Hd-8-3,定位在17.75cM的区段上。
本研究建立了一批水稻的单片段代换系,并分析了代换片段上三个重要农艺性状的QTL,为分子标记辅助育种和水稻品种的遗传改良奠定了一定基础。
Rice (Oryza sativa L .) is the world's most important food crop,and its most traits are quantitative traits,which are controlled by polygene. It is very important for rice genetics and breeding to identify and map quantitative trait loci(QTL). Single segment substitution line contains only one chromosome segment from donor,and eliminates the interference of the genetic background.SSSL is a important test material to identify and finely map.The present research has developed 113 SSSLs which substituted segments from three-line hybrid rice restorer line Shuhui527(donor parent) were introgressed into an elite genetic background of two-line hybrid rice restorer line 93-11 (recipient parent),using backcross and marker-assisted selection(MAS).This study identified and analyzed the QTL for heading date (Hd)、effective panicle number (Epn) and spikelet setting density (Ssd) using 42 Single segment substitution lines selected from SSSL population. The main results are as follows:
1. The polymorphism between donor parent Shuhui527 and recipient parent 93-11 was detected by using 359 microsatellite markers.81 molecular markers which presented clear banding pattern showed definite polymorphism between parents. The average interval distance between adjacent markers is 14.44 cM. The percent of polymorphism is 22.56% between parents.
2. 113 single segment substitution lines with the 93-11 genetic background have been developed in BC_3F_3 and BC_2F_4 generations. 113 SSSLs contain 17 repetitive segment substitution lines and 13 nonrepetitive segment substitution lines,30 different SSSLs in all. Substituted segments of these SSSLs distribute on 9 chromosomes of rice, but the distribution is uneven on 9 chromosomes, and most candidate SSSLs which number are 35 are on NO.5 chromosome.The total length of all substituted segments is 3910.88cM, and the average length of each substituted segment is 34.61cM. The total coverage length of substituted segments of 113 SSSLs is 368.70cM in the rice genome,to account 24.13% of rice genome's total length.
3. This study have analyzed genetic background of candidate SSSLs using SSR and ISSR molecular marker. The average background similar percent is 97.27%,and the average covered percentage of donor parent's residual segments is 0.46% on the genetic background.
4. 17 QTLs for 3 important agronomic traits of rice have been detected in 42 SSSLs through t-test(P≤0.001) between the SSSL and recipient. These 17 QTLs contain 9 QTLs for heading date (Hd)、7 QTLs for spikelet setting density (Ssd) and 1 QTL for effective panicle number (Epn). Hd-3、Hd-6-1、Hd-8-2 and Hd-11 identified in the present research are similar with the previous studies,the other 13 QTLs are the new study.
5. There are 7 segment-overlapping groups in 42 SSSLs used to identify QTL.Several QTLs were mapped in a shorter segment through substitution mapping. Hd-9 for heading date was mapped between RM23785 and RM23918 that the length of the segment is 1.62cM. Hd-8-3 for heading date have been identified in a segment which length is 17.75cM through substitution mapping.
SSSLs of rice have been developed in the present research,and QTLs of 3 important agronomic traits on substituted segments have been analyzed. This study lays a certain foundation for molecular marker-assisted breeding and rice varieties' genetic improvement.
1、用359对微卫星标记对供体亲本蜀恢527和受体亲本93-11之间的多态性进行了检测,共筛选出81对在亲本间具有明显多态性且带型较好的分子标记,标记间的平均间隔距离为18.81cM,亲本间的多态率为22.56%。
2、在BC_3F_3和BC_2F_4世代共筛选到113个SSSL,其中包括17组重复片段代换系和13个非重复片段代换系,共30个不同的SSSL。这些单片段代换系上的代换片段分布于水稻的9条染色体上,但在各条染色体上的分布很不均匀,其中5号染色体的候选SSSL最多,有35个。所有单片段代换系代换片段的总长度为3910.88cM,平均每个代换片段的长度为34.61cM。113个单片段代换系的代换片段覆盖基因组的总长度为368.7cM,占水稻基因组全长的24.13%。
3、用SSR和ISSR分子标记对候选单片段代换系进行了遗传背景分析。平均背景相似率为97.27%,遗传背景上供体亲本残留片段的平均覆盖率为0.46%。
4、通过t测验比较单片段代换系与受体亲本之间的差异,以P≤0.001为QTL存在的标准,利用42个单片段替换系共鉴定出水稻3个重要农艺性状的17个QTL,分别为9个抽穗期QTL,7个着粒密度QTL和1个有效穗数QTL。本研究检出的QTL中有Hd-3、Hd-6-1、Hd-8-2和Hd-11等4个与前人的研究结果相似,另外13个为新检出的QTL。
5、用于QTL鉴定的42个单片段代换系中共有7个片段重叠群,利用代换作图法将其上的数个QTL定位在了更短的区段上,其中抽穗期QTL Hd-9被定位于RM23785和RM23918之间,区段长度为1.62cM。通过代换作图法还鉴定出一个抽穗期QTL Hd-8-3,定位在17.75cM的区段上。
本研究建立了一批水稻的单片段代换系,并分析了代换片段上三个重要农艺性状的QTL,为分子标记辅助育种和水稻品种的遗传改良奠定了一定基础。
Rice (Oryza sativa L .) is the world's most important food crop,and its most traits are quantitative traits,which are controlled by polygene. It is very important for rice genetics and breeding to identify and map quantitative trait loci(QTL). Single segment substitution line contains only one chromosome segment from donor,and eliminates the interference of the genetic background.SSSL is a important test material to identify and finely map.The present research has developed 113 SSSLs which substituted segments from three-line hybrid rice restorer line Shuhui527(donor parent) were introgressed into an elite genetic background of two-line hybrid rice restorer line 93-11 (recipient parent),using backcross and marker-assisted selection(MAS).This study identified and analyzed the QTL for heading date (Hd)、effective panicle number (Epn) and spikelet setting density (Ssd) using 42 Single segment substitution lines selected from SSSL population. The main results are as follows:
1. The polymorphism between donor parent Shuhui527 and recipient parent 93-11 was detected by using 359 microsatellite markers.81 molecular markers which presented clear banding pattern showed definite polymorphism between parents. The average interval distance between adjacent markers is 14.44 cM. The percent of polymorphism is 22.56% between parents.
2. 113 single segment substitution lines with the 93-11 genetic background have been developed in BC_3F_3 and BC_2F_4 generations. 113 SSSLs contain 17 repetitive segment substitution lines and 13 nonrepetitive segment substitution lines,30 different SSSLs in all. Substituted segments of these SSSLs distribute on 9 chromosomes of rice, but the distribution is uneven on 9 chromosomes, and most candidate SSSLs which number are 35 are on NO.5 chromosome.The total length of all substituted segments is 3910.88cM, and the average length of each substituted segment is 34.61cM. The total coverage length of substituted segments of 113 SSSLs is 368.70cM in the rice genome,to account 24.13% of rice genome's total length.
3. This study have analyzed genetic background of candidate SSSLs using SSR and ISSR molecular marker. The average background similar percent is 97.27%,and the average covered percentage of donor parent's residual segments is 0.46% on the genetic background.
4. 17 QTLs for 3 important agronomic traits of rice have been detected in 42 SSSLs through t-test(P≤0.001) between the SSSL and recipient. These 17 QTLs contain 9 QTLs for heading date (Hd)、7 QTLs for spikelet setting density (Ssd) and 1 QTL for effective panicle number (Epn). Hd-3、Hd-6-1、Hd-8-2 and Hd-11 identified in the present research are similar with the previous studies,the other 13 QTLs are the new study.
5. There are 7 segment-overlapping groups in 42 SSSLs used to identify QTL.Several QTLs were mapped in a shorter segment through substitution mapping. Hd-9 for heading date was mapped between RM23785 and RM23918 that the length of the segment is 1.62cM. Hd-8-3 for heading date have been identified in a segment which length is 17.75cM through substitution mapping.
SSSLs of rice have been developed in the present research,and QTLs of 3 important agronomic traits on substituted segments have been analyzed. This study lays a certain foundation for molecular marker-assisted breeding and rice varieties' genetic improvement.
引文
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