一种恒流型DC-DC大功率LED驱动电路的设计
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摘要
在能源和环境问题日趋严重的今天,以高效、节能、环保以及长寿命为主要特点的大功率照明白光LED获得了人们的重视。随着其性能的提高以及生产成本的下降,大功率照明白光LED将逐步取代白炽灯和荧光灯,引起人类照明史上又一次革命。与此同时,大功率从照明白光LED驱动电路的开发也由于大功率LED的应用的逐渐普及得到了长足的发展。
本论文的题目来源于电源公司的合作项目,论文的目的是设计一种市场需求量大的大功率白光LED恒流驱动变换器,要求其在输入电压和负载LED灯串电压(即个数)在一定范围内变化时,仍具有高恒流精度和控制结构简单、成本低、体积小、效率高等特点。
本论文的研究思路和工作内容如下:
首先,论文对大功率照明LED的特性及发展和白光LED驱动电路的分类进行了介绍。接着分析了DC-DC转换电路的原理和控制策略,包括DC-DC转换电路的三种拓扑结构的原理分析、两种反馈控制模式和三种控制方式。然后,分析了本论文提出的大功率LED的Buck型、Boost型、Buck-Boost型变换器恒流输出的控制原理和恒流电路实现算法及结构。最后,论文完成了各个单元电路的分析和设计,设计制作了一台用于驱动350mA、1W的白光LED—LuxeonTM Star的Buck型和Flyback型LED恒流DC-DC驱动变换器,并进行了调试实验和分析了各变量对恒流精度的影响,实验结果验证了本文理论研究和电路实现结构设计结果的正确性。
Nowadays the problems of energy sources and environment become more and more serious, semiconductor lighting has won people's attention for its unique attributes of low energy consumption, low pollution, long life and high efficiency. As the quality of power LED improves and the cost of power LED reduce, semiconductor lighting will replace incandescent and fluorescent lighting gradually. With the development of High Power LED, the research of its constant current driving circuit has also been greatly accelerated.
The subject of the dissertation originates from a cooperative project funded by a power source company. The dissertation aims to design a High Power LEDs constant current driving converter which is highly demanded by the market. The input voltage and load voltage of LEDs strings (i.e. numbers of LEDs) changes within a certain range, It is required still having a high-precision constant current. And the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the efficiency is high.
The research can be summarized as follows:
First, the features and the development of high power LED lighting and the classification of white LED driver circuits were introduced. Then the thesis analyzed the principle and control strategy of the DC-DC converter circuits, including the principles analysis of the three circuit topologies, two kinds of feedback control modes and three kinds of control mode. Then, the control principle, circuit algorithm and circuit structure, been presented in this paper, of constant-current output of the Buck-type, Boost-type, and Buck-Boost type high-power LED converter is analyzed. Finally, the analysis and design of various cell circuit is finished. A Buck-type and a Flyback-type LEDs constant current DC-DC driving converter are set up for driving several 350mA, 1W LuxeonTM Star. Experiments were carried out and the impacts of variables on constant current accuracy were analyzed. The experimental results have a good agreement with theoretic analysis and circuit structure design.
本论文的题目来源于电源公司的合作项目,论文的目的是设计一种市场需求量大的大功率白光LED恒流驱动变换器,要求其在输入电压和负载LED灯串电压(即个数)在一定范围内变化时,仍具有高恒流精度和控制结构简单、成本低、体积小、效率高等特点。
本论文的研究思路和工作内容如下:
首先,论文对大功率照明LED的特性及发展和白光LED驱动电路的分类进行了介绍。接着分析了DC-DC转换电路的原理和控制策略,包括DC-DC转换电路的三种拓扑结构的原理分析、两种反馈控制模式和三种控制方式。然后,分析了本论文提出的大功率LED的Buck型、Boost型、Buck-Boost型变换器恒流输出的控制原理和恒流电路实现算法及结构。最后,论文完成了各个单元电路的分析和设计,设计制作了一台用于驱动350mA、1W的白光LED—LuxeonTM Star的Buck型和Flyback型LED恒流DC-DC驱动变换器,并进行了调试实验和分析了各变量对恒流精度的影响,实验结果验证了本文理论研究和电路实现结构设计结果的正确性。
Nowadays the problems of energy sources and environment become more and more serious, semiconductor lighting has won people's attention for its unique attributes of low energy consumption, low pollution, long life and high efficiency. As the quality of power LED improves and the cost of power LED reduce, semiconductor lighting will replace incandescent and fluorescent lighting gradually. With the development of High Power LED, the research of its constant current driving circuit has also been greatly accelerated.
The subject of the dissertation originates from a cooperative project funded by a power source company. The dissertation aims to design a High Power LEDs constant current driving converter which is highly demanded by the market. The input voltage and load voltage of LEDs strings (i.e. numbers of LEDs) changes within a certain range, It is required still having a high-precision constant current. And the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the efficiency is high.
The research can be summarized as follows:
First, the features and the development of high power LED lighting and the classification of white LED driver circuits were introduced. Then the thesis analyzed the principle and control strategy of the DC-DC converter circuits, including the principles analysis of the three circuit topologies, two kinds of feedback control modes and three kinds of control mode. Then, the control principle, circuit algorithm and circuit structure, been presented in this paper, of constant-current output of the Buck-type, Boost-type, and Buck-Boost type high-power LED converter is analyzed. Finally, the analysis and design of various cell circuit is finished. A Buck-type and a Flyback-type LEDs constant current DC-DC driving converter are set up for driving several 350mA, 1W LuxeonTM Star. Experiments were carried out and the impacts of variables on constant current accuracy were analyzed. The experimental results have a good agreement with theoretic analysis and circuit structure design.
引文
[1]蒋大鹏,赵成久,侯凤勤,刘学彦,范翊,张立功,褚明辉,申德振,范希武,白光发光二极管的制备技术及主要特征,发光学报,2003,24(4).385-389
[2]刘行仁,薛胜薛,黄德森,林秀华,白光LED现状和问题,光源与照明,2003(3),4-8
[3]周太明,半导体照明的曙光,照明工程学报,2004,15(2),1-6
[4]Beraie Weir,用白色LED做背光照明需考虑的事项,今日电子,2003(8),19-90
[5]Tiradar Szabo,DeAnn Wright,面向便携设备的LED驱动器,世界电子元器件,2003(11),29-30
[6]颜重光,手机LCD背光驱动电荷泵的选择,电子产品世界,2002(08B),37-38
[7]应用笔记 3070:标准和白光LED的基础知识与驱动 MAX1912http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3070
[8]陈志忠,秦志新,胡晓东,于彤军,杨志坚,章蓓,姚光庆,邱秀敏,张国义,大功率白光LED的制备和表征,电子产品世界,液晶与显示,2004,19(2),83-86
[9]梁秉文,刘乃涛,加强产业化关键技术开发促进半导体照明产业发展,科技与经济(南京),2004,17(2),61-64
[10]王国宏,半导体照明大功率LED进展,新材料产业,2004(6),26-29
[11]黄绮,周均铭,国内外高亮度发光二极管的产业特点分析,新材料产业,2004(6),22-25
[12]尹长安,赵成久等,白光LED的最新进展,发光学报,2000,21(4),380-382
[13]晨光,白光LED发展趋势,光源与照明,2004(1),41-41
[14]余德芳,新型的半导体光源-白光LED,世界产品与技术.2003(3),46-48
[15]Jeff Y Tsao.Light Emitting Diodes(LEDs) for General Illumination[R].Washington,DC:Optoelectronics Industry Development Association(OIDA),2002:7-9
[16]应用笔记 3256:白色LED 的恒流驱动-MAX1910http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3256
[17]数据资料:MAX1916,Maxim Integrated Products,2001http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/max1916
[18]数据资料:MAX1912,Maxim Integrated Products,2002http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/max1912
[19]应用笔记3070:标准和白光LED的基础知识与驱动 MAX1916http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3070
[20]Lee Chia-Ming,Chuo Chang-Cheng,Chen I-Ling.High-Brightness Inverted InGaN-GaN Multiple-Quantum-Well Light-Emitting Diodes Without a Transparent Conductive Layer[J].IEEE Electron Device Letters,2003;24(3):156-158
[21]Why Drive White LEDs with Constant Current,Maxim Integrated Products,Jun 2004.
[22]ggxx11.开关电源设计知识介绍(中文).http://bbs.chinaecnet.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=40&RootID=9137&ID=9137,2005-03-19
[23]国内中小功率模块电源市场现状.http://asp.6to23.com/ranhs/article/list.asp?id=68.2002-12-20
[24]孙俊杰.电源做主-电源管理风靡 2005.http://www.ednchina.com/Article/html/2005-11/20051117055301.htm.2005-11-18
[25]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1999:31-32
[26]郭家荣,孟祥瑞,周耀.DC-DC开关电源管理芯片的设计.微计算机信息,2005,21(1)
[27]高效率的DC/DC转换器技术.http://www.knowsky.com/10700.html,2005-2-14
[28]何希才,江云霞.现代电力电子技术.北京:国防工业出版社,1996:53-67
[29]Robert W.Erickson,DraganMaksimovic.Fundamentals of power electronics.2nd edition.University of Colorado,Boulder,Colorado:3-22
[30]阮新波,严仰光.实用电源技术丛书-直流开关电源的软开关技术.北京:科学出版社,2000:4-17
[31]陈坚.电力电子学-电力电子变换和控制技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:62
[32]Abranham I.Pressman.Switching Power Supply Design.2nd edition.McGraw-Hill Inc,1998:14-164
[33]Timothy L.Skvarenina.The Power Electronics Handbook,part Ⅱ Power electronic circuits and controls.CRC press,2001
[34]华伟.通信开关电源的五种PWM反馈控制模式研究.通信电源技术.2001
[18]杨尊峰,贾贵玺.电流控制型开关稳压电源的研究.电力电子技术,1996
[35]Marty Brown..Power Supply Cookbook.2nd edition.2001:72-75
[36]邹怀安,张锐,胡荣强.开关电源的PWM-PFM 控制电路.http://www.telepower.com.cn/5/112/200468154919.htm
[37]Ping Luo,Zhaoji Li,Bo Zhang.Analysis of PSM mode in switching converter and its improved mode.Communications,circuits and systems,2005.Proceedings.2005 International Conrerence,2005,2:1385-1389
[38]C.-M.Wang,H.-J.Chiu and D.-R.Chen.Novel zero-current-switching(ZCS)PWM converters.IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl,2005,152(2):407 415
[39]B.K.H.Wong and H.Chung.A systematic graphing technique for small-signal low-frequency characterization of PWM DC/DC converters.IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron,2000,47(1):45 54
[40]胡黎强,林争辉,李林森.一种高效率低功耗开关电源的实现.微电子学,2003,33(2):136-139
[41]戴显治,林争辉.一种高效率的PFM控制策略.微电子学,2003,33(5):387-389
[42]魏智.DC-DC转换器设计.国外电子元器件,2001,(2):65-67
[43]范然然,林争辉,冯晖.一种新型的DC-DC芯片设计.微电子学与计算机,2003,(5):51-54
[44]XC6 372系列,PWM/PFM切换控制、升压型DC-DC控制器-转换器.http://www.zymcu.com/datasheet/torex/xc6372.pdf
[45]杨尊峰,贾贵玺.电流控制型开关稳压电源的研究.电力电子技术,1996
[46]吴顺珉.高性能降压型白光LED驱动芯片设计[D].浙江大学,2007
[47]陆兴.照明LED恒流源驱动的设计[D].厦门大学,2007
[48]谢治中.大功率照明LED恒流驱动芯片的研制[D].浙江大学,2008
[49]G.carraro," Solving high-voltage off-line HBLED constant-current control-circuit issues." in Proc.IEEE Appl.Power Electron,Conf.(APEC),2007,pp.1316-1318.
[50]Xingming Long and Jing Zhou, "An intelligent driver for Light Emitting Diode Street Lighting" , World Automation Congress, 2008. Sept. 28 2008-Oct. 2 2008 pp: 15.
[51]K. M. Smadley, S. Cuk; "One-Cycle Control of Switching Converters" , IEEE Trans. Power Electron. Vol.10, no. 6, pp: 625-633, Nov. 1995.
[52]Bor-Ren Lin, Huann-Keng Chiang, Kao-Cheng Chen, Wang, D, "Analysis, design and implementation of an active clamp flyback converter" , Power Electronics and Drives Systems, 2005. PEDS 2005. International Conference on Vol. 1, pp:424 429.
[53]Nalepa, R, Barry, N, and Meaney, P, "Primary side control circuit of a flyback converter" , Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2001. APEC 2001. Sixteenth Annual IEEE.Vol. 1, 4-8 March 2001 pp:542 547.
[54] R. Nalepa and N. Barry, "Primary side control circuit of a flyback converter" , in Proc. APEC, vol.1, pp. 542-547, 2001
[2]刘行仁,薛胜薛,黄德森,林秀华,白光LED现状和问题,光源与照明,2003(3),4-8
[3]周太明,半导体照明的曙光,照明工程学报,2004,15(2),1-6
[4]Beraie Weir,用白色LED做背光照明需考虑的事项,今日电子,2003(8),19-90
[5]Tiradar Szabo,DeAnn Wright,面向便携设备的LED驱动器,世界电子元器件,2003(11),29-30
[6]颜重光,手机LCD背光驱动电荷泵的选择,电子产品世界,2002(08B),37-38
[7]应用笔记 3070:标准和白光LED的基础知识与驱动 MAX1912http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3070
[8]陈志忠,秦志新,胡晓东,于彤军,杨志坚,章蓓,姚光庆,邱秀敏,张国义,大功率白光LED的制备和表征,电子产品世界,液晶与显示,2004,19(2),83-86
[9]梁秉文,刘乃涛,加强产业化关键技术开发促进半导体照明产业发展,科技与经济(南京),2004,17(2),61-64
[10]王国宏,半导体照明大功率LED进展,新材料产业,2004(6),26-29
[11]黄绮,周均铭,国内外高亮度发光二极管的产业特点分析,新材料产业,2004(6),22-25
[12]尹长安,赵成久等,白光LED的最新进展,发光学报,2000,21(4),380-382
[13]晨光,白光LED发展趋势,光源与照明,2004(1),41-41
[14]余德芳,新型的半导体光源-白光LED,世界产品与技术.2003(3),46-48
[15]Jeff Y Tsao.Light Emitting Diodes(LEDs) for General Illumination[R].Washington,DC:Optoelectronics Industry Development Association(OIDA),2002:7-9
[16]应用笔记 3256:白色LED 的恒流驱动-MAX1910http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3256
[17]数据资料:MAX1916,Maxim Integrated Products,2001http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/max1916
[18]数据资料:MAX1912,Maxim Integrated Products,2002http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/max1912
[19]应用笔记3070:标准和白光LED的基础知识与驱动 MAX1916http://www.maxim-ic.com.cn/appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/3070
[20]Lee Chia-Ming,Chuo Chang-Cheng,Chen I-Ling.High-Brightness Inverted InGaN-GaN Multiple-Quantum-Well Light-Emitting Diodes Without a Transparent Conductive Layer[J].IEEE Electron Device Letters,2003;24(3):156-158
[21]Why Drive White LEDs with Constant Current,Maxim Integrated Products,Jun 2004.
[22]ggxx11.开关电源设计知识介绍(中文).http://bbs.chinaecnet.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=40&RootID=9137&ID=9137,2005-03-19
[23]国内中小功率模块电源市场现状.http://asp.6to23.com/ranhs/article/list.asp?id=68.2002-12-20
[24]孙俊杰.电源做主-电源管理风靡 2005.http://www.ednchina.com/Article/html/2005-11/20051117055301.htm.2005-11-18
[25]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计.北京:电子工业出版社,1999:31-32
[26]郭家荣,孟祥瑞,周耀.DC-DC开关电源管理芯片的设计.微计算机信息,2005,21(1)
[27]高效率的DC/DC转换器技术.http://www.knowsky.com/10700.html,2005-2-14
[28]何希才,江云霞.现代电力电子技术.北京:国防工业出版社,1996:53-67
[29]Robert W.Erickson,DraganMaksimovic.Fundamentals of power electronics.2nd edition.University of Colorado,Boulder,Colorado:3-22
[30]阮新波,严仰光.实用电源技术丛书-直流开关电源的软开关技术.北京:科学出版社,2000:4-17
[31]陈坚.电力电子学-电力电子变换和控制技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:62
[32]Abranham I.Pressman.Switching Power Supply Design.2nd edition.McGraw-Hill Inc,1998:14-164
[33]Timothy L.Skvarenina.The Power Electronics Handbook,part Ⅱ Power electronic circuits and controls.CRC press,2001
[34]华伟.通信开关电源的五种PWM反馈控制模式研究.通信电源技术.2001
[18]杨尊峰,贾贵玺.电流控制型开关稳压电源的研究.电力电子技术,1996
[35]Marty Brown..Power Supply Cookbook.2nd edition.2001:72-75
[36]邹怀安,张锐,胡荣强.开关电源的PWM-PFM 控制电路.http://www.telepower.com.cn/5/112/200468154919.htm
[37]Ping Luo,Zhaoji Li,Bo Zhang.Analysis of PSM mode in switching converter and its improved mode.Communications,circuits and systems,2005.Proceedings.2005 International Conrerence,2005,2:1385-1389
[38]C.-M.Wang,H.-J.Chiu and D.-R.Chen.Novel zero-current-switching(ZCS)PWM converters.IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl,2005,152(2):407 415
[39]B.K.H.Wong and H.Chung.A systematic graphing technique for small-signal low-frequency characterization of PWM DC/DC converters.IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron,2000,47(1):45 54
[40]胡黎强,林争辉,李林森.一种高效率低功耗开关电源的实现.微电子学,2003,33(2):136-139
[41]戴显治,林争辉.一种高效率的PFM控制策略.微电子学,2003,33(5):387-389
[42]魏智.DC-DC转换器设计.国外电子元器件,2001,(2):65-67
[43]范然然,林争辉,冯晖.一种新型的DC-DC芯片设计.微电子学与计算机,2003,(5):51-54
[44]XC6 372系列,PWM/PFM切换控制、升压型DC-DC控制器-转换器.http://www.zymcu.com/datasheet/torex/xc6372.pdf
[45]杨尊峰,贾贵玺.电流控制型开关稳压电源的研究.电力电子技术,1996
[46]吴顺珉.高性能降压型白光LED驱动芯片设计[D].浙江大学,2007
[47]陆兴.照明LED恒流源驱动的设计[D].厦门大学,2007
[48]谢治中.大功率照明LED恒流驱动芯片的研制[D].浙江大学,2008
[49]G.carraro," Solving high-voltage off-line HBLED constant-current control-circuit issues." in Proc.IEEE Appl.Power Electron,Conf.(APEC),2007,pp.1316-1318.
[50]Xingming Long and Jing Zhou, "An intelligent driver for Light Emitting Diode Street Lighting" , World Automation Congress, 2008. Sept. 28 2008-Oct. 2 2008 pp: 15.
[51]K. M. Smadley, S. Cuk; "One-Cycle Control of Switching Converters" , IEEE Trans. Power Electron. Vol.10, no. 6, pp: 625-633, Nov. 1995.
[52]Bor-Ren Lin, Huann-Keng Chiang, Kao-Cheng Chen, Wang, D, "Analysis, design and implementation of an active clamp flyback converter" , Power Electronics and Drives Systems, 2005. PEDS 2005. International Conference on Vol. 1, pp:424 429.
[53]Nalepa, R, Barry, N, and Meaney, P, "Primary side control circuit of a flyback converter" , Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2001. APEC 2001. Sixteenth Annual IEEE.Vol. 1, 4-8 March 2001 pp:542 547.
[54] R. Nalepa and N. Barry, "Primary side control circuit of a flyback converter" , in Proc. APEC, vol.1, pp. 542-547, 2001