基于知识和多色图论的PDM版本管理研究
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摘要
产品数据管理在企业中的应用日益广泛,是近几年来CIMS领域中发展最快的技术之一。版本管理,作为产品数据管理的核心功能之一,重要性日益凸显。版本管理可以辅助企业将海量的文档信息进行统一集中的管理。目前,大多产品数据管理软件的版本管理只能管理用户提交的一些正式版本和数据,而设计过程中大量的中间版本和分析数据并没有被完整地记录保存。中间版本和分析数据中蕴涵了丰富的设计信息和设计方法,产品设计过程中中间数据的丢失和数据混乱不利于数据的重用和知识的积累。如何对产品开发过程中的大量中间版本和分析数据提供统一的管理一直是困扰很多实施产品数据管理的企业的主要问题之一。
本文提出了基于构件的PDM版本管理模型,分析了知识的定义、分类和表达,并通过对制造业知识的探查和对知识内涵的分析,借用AOP思想,提出了新的知识管理策略,即将知识“切入”版本,将知识管理和版本管理结合起来。
多色图是离散系统仿真经常用到的一种数学工具。本文在基于对现有产品数据管理版本关系模型的分析的基础上,提出了一种基于知识和多色图的版本管理模型,用以反映在整个设计过程中完整的产品设计知识;并将版本集看作多色图集合,给出了该模型具体的操作方法。
为了促进新产品的设计,本文在基于实例推理的基础上,通过版本构件特征的相似性,从版本构件库中查询最符合新产品设计特征的版本构件,然后追溯版本历史,再现了版本设计过程中的诸多方案和设计过程所引用和产生的各种知识和数据(包括CAD/CAM,CAPP等方面的数据和知识),实现了知识的重用。
Along with the development of Product Data Management (PDM), it is more and more important for Version Management (VM) as an essential function in PDM. VM can help enterprise to manage data and information systematically. But current VM used by enterprise just manages some normal versions and data submitted by users. During a design process, a great deal of middle versions and analysis data can not be recorded nicely. It makes the loss and confusion of many mid versions and is not good for knowledge reuse and accumulation. Considering that mid versions and analysis data contain plenty of design information and methods, how to provide systematical management is a crucial problem to solve.
Through analyzing the definition, classification and expression of the knowledge and detecting the knowledge of the manufacturing industry and analyzing the inner connotation of the knowledge, a component-based version model and a new knowledge management strategy that can help both version management and knowledge management were proposed.
Multicolor-Map is a mathematical tool in the field of simulation for discrete system. Through analyzing the current version management model of PDM, a new version management model based on knowledge and multicolor-map was introduced in order to acquire the integrated product design knowledge during the whole design process. Then the version set was considered as a multicolor-map set, and the arithmetic operators of the version management model of PDM are presented.
In order to speed up the design of new products, we search the version components with most similar features based on case based reasoning (CBR) theory, then we view the history of the products process, browse the solutions and knowledge used by designers, including knowledge of CAD/CAM, CAPP and so on, and realize the reuse of the version knowledge.
本文提出了基于构件的PDM版本管理模型,分析了知识的定义、分类和表达,并通过对制造业知识的探查和对知识内涵的分析,借用AOP思想,提出了新的知识管理策略,即将知识“切入”版本,将知识管理和版本管理结合起来。
多色图是离散系统仿真经常用到的一种数学工具。本文在基于对现有产品数据管理版本关系模型的分析的基础上,提出了一种基于知识和多色图的版本管理模型,用以反映在整个设计过程中完整的产品设计知识;并将版本集看作多色图集合,给出了该模型具体的操作方法。
为了促进新产品的设计,本文在基于实例推理的基础上,通过版本构件特征的相似性,从版本构件库中查询最符合新产品设计特征的版本构件,然后追溯版本历史,再现了版本设计过程中的诸多方案和设计过程所引用和产生的各种知识和数据(包括CAD/CAM,CAPP等方面的数据和知识),实现了知识的重用。
Along with the development of Product Data Management (PDM), it is more and more important for Version Management (VM) as an essential function in PDM. VM can help enterprise to manage data and information systematically. But current VM used by enterprise just manages some normal versions and data submitted by users. During a design process, a great deal of middle versions and analysis data can not be recorded nicely. It makes the loss and confusion of many mid versions and is not good for knowledge reuse and accumulation. Considering that mid versions and analysis data contain plenty of design information and methods, how to provide systematical management is a crucial problem to solve.
Through analyzing the definition, classification and expression of the knowledge and detecting the knowledge of the manufacturing industry and analyzing the inner connotation of the knowledge, a component-based version model and a new knowledge management strategy that can help both version management and knowledge management were proposed.
Multicolor-Map is a mathematical tool in the field of simulation for discrete system. Through analyzing the current version management model of PDM, a new version management model based on knowledge and multicolor-map was introduced in order to acquire the integrated product design knowledge during the whole design process. Then the version set was considered as a multicolor-map set, and the arithmetic operators of the version management model of PDM are presented.
In order to speed up the design of new products, we search the version components with most similar features based on case based reasoning (CBR) theory, then we view the history of the products process, browse the solutions and knowledge used by designers, including knowledge of CAD/CAM, CAPP and so on, and realize the reuse of the version knowledge.
引文
[1] RANDY H,KATZ,Toward a Unified Framework for Version Modeling in Engineering Database,ACM Computing Surveys,1990(22)4:375-408
[2] Hyerim Bac,Wonchang Hu,Document configuration control process captured in a workflow,Computers in Industry,2004(53):117-131
[3] Farid Meziane,Yacine Rezgui,A document management methodology based on similarity contents,Information Science,2004(158):15-36
[4] Raji Ahmed,Shamkant B,Navathe,Version Management of Composite Objects in CAD Databases,ACM 1991:218-227
[5] Z.Kovacs,J-M Le Gof, Support for product data from design to production,Computer Integrated manufacturing System,2001(11)4:285-290
[6] Byong G lee,An integrated Approach to distributed version management and role-based access control in computer supported collaborative writing,The Journal of Systems Software,2001(59):119-134
[7] Ruey-Kai Sheu,Yue-Shan Chang, Managing and sharing collaborative files through WWW,Future Generation Computer System,2001(17):1039-1049
[8]徐立臻,徐宏炳等,面向对象数据库中的版本管理[J],东南大学学报,1999(29) 3:34-38
[9]冯玲,冯与才,面向对象数据库的模式进化与版本管理[J],计算机时代,1994(3):7-10
[10]张劲松,刘清华,钟毅芳等,基于PDM的版本管理研究,华中科技大学学报,2001 29(12):33-36
[11] BAE.H,HU.W.C,YOO.W.S,Document configuration control processes captured in a workflow [J],Computers in Industry,2004,53(2):117-131
[12]马建其,胡晓兵,工程图档管理系统中的版本管理技术,机械工程与自动化,2007(02)48-49
[13]张劲松,刘清华,钟毅芳,万立,基于PDM的版本管理研究,华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2001(12):33-35
[14]陆翼,面向虚拟软件企业的软件配置管理研究,浙江大学,硕士学位论文,2004
[15] Andreas Zeller,A Unified Version Model for Configuration Management,Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering,volume 20(4) of ACM Software Engineering Notes,1997:151-160.
[16]徐向阳,版本管理系统的层次设计,计算机工程与设计,1990(05):27-28
[17]杨芙清,梅宏,常继传,李克勤,郭立峰,青鸟系统中可复用软件构件的表示与查询电子学报,2000,28(8):20-24
[18]马亮,孙艳春,软件概念的变迁,计算机科学,2002,29(4):28-30
[19]徐晓春,李高键,软件配置管理,北京:清华大学出版社,2002.7
[20]倪晓峰,赵文耕,张捷构件软件配置管理以及其版本控制技术研究,计算机工程与应用,2005,2:94-96
[21]李欣,张路,谢冰,杨芙清基于构件的软件版本管理系统,电子学报,2000,11:120-122
[22]王德禄,企业知识管理的理论基础,http://www-chinakm.com/
[23] YogeshMalhotra,企业与知识管理,http://www.chinakm.com/
[24]田雨,何谓知识管理,北京日报,1998年12月28日
[25]王德禄,知识作为一种资本,http://www.chinakm.com/
[26]王德禄,知识的分类,http://www.chinakm.com/
[27]童秉枢,现代CAD技术,清华大学出版社,2000.7
[28]王克宏等,知识工程与知识处理系统,清华大学出版社,1994.7
[29]冯培恩,刘瑾主编,专家系统,机械工业出版社,1993.7
[30]王先奎,计算机辅助制造,清华大学出版社,1991.1
[31]吕昱,产品数据管理体系结构与实施方法学研究,重庆大学硕士论文,2000.5
[32]王德禄,企业知识管理的理论基础,http://www.chinakm.com/
[33]綦振杰,APQC对知识管理的定义,http://www.chinakm.com/
[34]赵键编译,什么是知识管理,http://www.chinakm.com/
[35]赵键,知识管理:企业竞争力之源,http://www.chinakm.com/
[36]陈兵兵,ERP的新内容——知识链管理,计算机世界,1999.5.24
[37] RANDY H,KATZ,Toward a Unified Framework for Version Modeling in Engineering Database,ACM Computing Surveys,2001,44:205-227
[38]徐啸峰,周儒荣,周来水,智能CAD中的产品设计知识的研究[J],计算机辅助工程,2002(3):8-12
[39]祁国宁,J.萧塔纳,顾新建.图解产品数据管理[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[40]方世昌,离散数学[M],西安,西安电子科技大学出版社社,1996.11
[41] V V Pavlov原著,系统理论中的多色集合和多色集合的系统结构,李宗斌译,西安:西安交通大学,2000
[42] Wang Fujun,Mills J J,Devarajan V。A Conceptual Approach Managing Design Resource[J],Computers in Industry,2002,47(2):169-183
[43]苗东升系统科学精要第一版,北京中国人民大学出版社,1998
[44]周美立,相似工程学[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[45] Salhieh Sa’ed M.,Kamrani Ali K。Macro Level Product Development Using Design for Modularity。Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,1999,(15):319~329
[46] LI Zongbin,The research and application of polychromatic sets in advanced manufacture [M]。Bejing:China Waterpower Press,Intellectual Property Publishing House,2005(in Chinese)。[李宗斌,先进制造中多色集合理论的研究及应用[M]。北京:中国水利水电出版社,知识产权出版社,2005]
[47]孙卫琴,精通Eclipse Web开发—Java体系结构、工具、框架及整合应用[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[48]孙卫琴,精通Struts:基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[49]夏昕,曹晓钢,唐勇,深入浅出Hibernate[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[50] Spring框架简介,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/wa-spring1/
[2] Hyerim Bac,Wonchang Hu,Document configuration control process captured in a workflow,Computers in Industry,2004(53):117-131
[3] Farid Meziane,Yacine Rezgui,A document management methodology based on similarity contents,Information Science,2004(158):15-36
[4] Raji Ahmed,Shamkant B,Navathe,Version Management of Composite Objects in CAD Databases,ACM 1991:218-227
[5] Z.Kovacs,J-M Le Gof, Support for product data from design to production,Computer Integrated manufacturing System,2001(11)4:285-290
[6] Byong G lee,An integrated Approach to distributed version management and role-based access control in computer supported collaborative writing,The Journal of Systems Software,2001(59):119-134
[7] Ruey-Kai Sheu,Yue-Shan Chang, Managing and sharing collaborative files through WWW,Future Generation Computer System,2001(17):1039-1049
[8]徐立臻,徐宏炳等,面向对象数据库中的版本管理[J],东南大学学报,1999(29) 3:34-38
[9]冯玲,冯与才,面向对象数据库的模式进化与版本管理[J],计算机时代,1994(3):7-10
[10]张劲松,刘清华,钟毅芳等,基于PDM的版本管理研究,华中科技大学学报,2001 29(12):33-36
[11] BAE.H,HU.W.C,YOO.W.S,Document configuration control processes captured in a workflow [J],Computers in Industry,2004,53(2):117-131
[12]马建其,胡晓兵,工程图档管理系统中的版本管理技术,机械工程与自动化,2007(02)48-49
[13]张劲松,刘清华,钟毅芳,万立,基于PDM的版本管理研究,华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2001(12):33-35
[14]陆翼,面向虚拟软件企业的软件配置管理研究,浙江大学,硕士学位论文,2004
[15] Andreas Zeller,A Unified Version Model for Configuration Management,Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering,volume 20(4) of ACM Software Engineering Notes,1997:151-160.
[16]徐向阳,版本管理系统的层次设计,计算机工程与设计,1990(05):27-28
[17]杨芙清,梅宏,常继传,李克勤,郭立峰,青鸟系统中可复用软件构件的表示与查询电子学报,2000,28(8):20-24
[18]马亮,孙艳春,软件概念的变迁,计算机科学,2002,29(4):28-30
[19]徐晓春,李高键,软件配置管理,北京:清华大学出版社,2002.7
[20]倪晓峰,赵文耕,张捷构件软件配置管理以及其版本控制技术研究,计算机工程与应用,2005,2:94-96
[21]李欣,张路,谢冰,杨芙清基于构件的软件版本管理系统,电子学报,2000,11:120-122
[22]王德禄,企业知识管理的理论基础,http://www-chinakm.com/
[23] YogeshMalhotra,企业与知识管理,http://www.chinakm.com/
[24]田雨,何谓知识管理,北京日报,1998年12月28日
[25]王德禄,知识作为一种资本,http://www.chinakm.com/
[26]王德禄,知识的分类,http://www.chinakm.com/
[27]童秉枢,现代CAD技术,清华大学出版社,2000.7
[28]王克宏等,知识工程与知识处理系统,清华大学出版社,1994.7
[29]冯培恩,刘瑾主编,专家系统,机械工业出版社,1993.7
[30]王先奎,计算机辅助制造,清华大学出版社,1991.1
[31]吕昱,产品数据管理体系结构与实施方法学研究,重庆大学硕士论文,2000.5
[32]王德禄,企业知识管理的理论基础,http://www.chinakm.com/
[33]綦振杰,APQC对知识管理的定义,http://www.chinakm.com/
[34]赵键编译,什么是知识管理,http://www.chinakm.com/
[35]赵键,知识管理:企业竞争力之源,http://www.chinakm.com/
[36]陈兵兵,ERP的新内容——知识链管理,计算机世界,1999.5.24
[37] RANDY H,KATZ,Toward a Unified Framework for Version Modeling in Engineering Database,ACM Computing Surveys,2001,44:205-227
[38]徐啸峰,周儒荣,周来水,智能CAD中的产品设计知识的研究[J],计算机辅助工程,2002(3):8-12
[39]祁国宁,J.萧塔纳,顾新建.图解产品数据管理[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[40]方世昌,离散数学[M],西安,西安电子科技大学出版社社,1996.11
[41] V V Pavlov原著,系统理论中的多色集合和多色集合的系统结构,李宗斌译,西安:西安交通大学,2000
[42] Wang Fujun,Mills J J,Devarajan V。A Conceptual Approach Managing Design Resource[J],Computers in Industry,2002,47(2):169-183
[43]苗东升系统科学精要第一版,北京中国人民大学出版社,1998
[44]周美立,相似工程学[M],北京:机械工业出版社,1998
[45] Salhieh Sa’ed M.,Kamrani Ali K。Macro Level Product Development Using Design for Modularity。Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing,1999,(15):319~329
[46] LI Zongbin,The research and application of polychromatic sets in advanced manufacture [M]。Bejing:China Waterpower Press,Intellectual Property Publishing House,2005(in Chinese)。[李宗斌,先进制造中多色集合理论的研究及应用[M]。北京:中国水利水电出版社,知识产权出版社,2005]
[47]孙卫琴,精通Eclipse Web开发—Java体系结构、工具、框架及整合应用[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[48]孙卫琴,精通Struts:基于MVC的Java Web设计与开发[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[49]夏昕,曹晓钢,唐勇,深入浅出Hibernate[M],北京:电子工业出版社,2005
[50] Spring框架简介,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/wa-spring1/