光伏并网发电系统控制策略研究
摘要
能源危机和环境保护使大规模地开发利用可再生清洁能源受到人们的关注。太阳能储量的无限性、开发利用的洁净性以及逐渐显露出来的经济性等优势,使它的开发利用成为人类理想能源的替代能源。太阳能将会成为21世纪后期的主导能源。高性能的数字信号处理器芯片(DSP)的出现,使得一些先进的控制策略应用于光伏并网逆变器的控制成为可能。本文的主要内容:
1.首先分析了光伏并网逆变器的结构和控制策略,本文使用改进的固定开关频率SPWM电流控制策略,较好地实现了并网逆变器的单位功率因数正弦电流输出控制。本文还使用状态空间平均法对并网逆变器进行了建模分析,然后使用MATLAB中的Simulink工具进行了系统仿真。通过仿真给具体的硬件设计提供了有效的帮助。
2.最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking)控制问题是光伏系统中经常遇见的问题。本文详细地分析了常用的几种MPPT控制方案,提出了新型MPPT控制算法。然后重点论述了本文设计的两级变换结构光伏并网逆变器MPPT控制的实现过程。通过理论分析和具体实验,提出了对于两级变换结构的光伏并网逆变器使用DC-AC逆变器部分实现MPPT控制的控制方式。最后通过实验验证了本文提出的两级变换结构光伏并网逆变器MPPT控制方法的正确性。
3.首先设计了系统的硬件电路,包括参数的选择,器件的选型等,然后又对基于DSP芯片的单相光伏并网系统进行了软件设计。在介绍了系统的硬件资源分配后,给出了系统软件的总体设计,给出了系统的流程图。
4.最后给出了系统的实验结果,实验结果对实际控制过程中控制参数的选取提供的帮助。
With the situation of energy resource crisis and the demand of circumstance protection, the exploitation and utilization of the clean and regeneration energy resource is concerned by more and more people. The solar energy will be the dominant one at the late period of 21th century. With the appearance of high-performance Digital Signal Processor(DSP) chip, it is possible that some most advanced control strategies can be used to the PV grid-connected system. The main contents of this thesis include:
1.Through analyzing the structure and control strategy, an improved fixed-switching frequency current control strategy is adopted and a high quality injected sinusoidal current as well as unity power factor at the grid interface is realized. According to the character of grid-connected inverter, a model of grid-connected inverter based on state-space average method is proposed and a simulation with MATLAB is carried out. The simulation make a great help for circuit designing of grid-connected inverter.
2.MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking)is one of the most important and well known problem for all PV systems. Some usually used MPPT methods are analyzed and compared in the thesis, and a new algorithm is proposed. Then the development course of inverter’s MPPT control method with two stages transform structure is introduced in this thesis. Through theory analyse and experiment, author propose the MPPT control mode with DC-AC inverter stage. At last, Through the MPPT experiment with inverter prototype, the inverter’s MPPT control method with two stages transform structure that author put forward is proved to be correct.
3.First design the hardware circuit of the system, including the choice of the parametes, the choice of the types, then design the software of single-phase grid-connected solar PV system based on DSP. After introducing the distribution of the F2407A, show the total design of the system software, and give the flow chart.
4.Lastly give the result of the test, it is useful for the choice of the parameters in the real control process.
1.首先分析了光伏并网逆变器的结构和控制策略,本文使用改进的固定开关频率SPWM电流控制策略,较好地实现了并网逆变器的单位功率因数正弦电流输出控制。本文还使用状态空间平均法对并网逆变器进行了建模分析,然后使用MATLAB中的Simulink工具进行了系统仿真。通过仿真给具体的硬件设计提供了有效的帮助。
2.最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking)控制问题是光伏系统中经常遇见的问题。本文详细地分析了常用的几种MPPT控制方案,提出了新型MPPT控制算法。然后重点论述了本文设计的两级变换结构光伏并网逆变器MPPT控制的实现过程。通过理论分析和具体实验,提出了对于两级变换结构的光伏并网逆变器使用DC-AC逆变器部分实现MPPT控制的控制方式。最后通过实验验证了本文提出的两级变换结构光伏并网逆变器MPPT控制方法的正确性。
3.首先设计了系统的硬件电路,包括参数的选择,器件的选型等,然后又对基于DSP芯片的单相光伏并网系统进行了软件设计。在介绍了系统的硬件资源分配后,给出了系统软件的总体设计,给出了系统的流程图。
4.最后给出了系统的实验结果,实验结果对实际控制过程中控制参数的选取提供的帮助。
With the situation of energy resource crisis and the demand of circumstance protection, the exploitation and utilization of the clean and regeneration energy resource is concerned by more and more people. The solar energy will be the dominant one at the late period of 21th century. With the appearance of high-performance Digital Signal Processor(DSP) chip, it is possible that some most advanced control strategies can be used to the PV grid-connected system. The main contents of this thesis include:
1.Through analyzing the structure and control strategy, an improved fixed-switching frequency current control strategy is adopted and a high quality injected sinusoidal current as well as unity power factor at the grid interface is realized. According to the character of grid-connected inverter, a model of grid-connected inverter based on state-space average method is proposed and a simulation with MATLAB is carried out. The simulation make a great help for circuit designing of grid-connected inverter.
2.MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracking)is one of the most important and well known problem for all PV systems. Some usually used MPPT methods are analyzed and compared in the thesis, and a new algorithm is proposed. Then the development course of inverter’s MPPT control method with two stages transform structure is introduced in this thesis. Through theory analyse and experiment, author propose the MPPT control mode with DC-AC inverter stage. At last, Through the MPPT experiment with inverter prototype, the inverter’s MPPT control method with two stages transform structure that author put forward is proved to be correct.
3.First design the hardware circuit of the system, including the choice of the parametes, the choice of the types, then design the software of single-phase grid-connected solar PV system based on DSP. After introducing the distribution of the F2407A, show the total design of the system software, and give the flow chart.
4.Lastly give the result of the test, it is useful for the choice of the parameters in the real control process.
引文
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[2]崔民选.2006中国能源发展报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社, 2006年
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[5]杨金焕.光伏发电与建筑相结合技术[J].可再生能源,2005.2:20-22
[6]姜志勇.光伏建筑一体化(BIPV)[J].建筑电气,2008.27(6):7-10
[7]禇玉芳,沈辉.建筑节能催生光伏建筑一体化[J].工业建筑,2008.38(6):12-15
[8]王贵荣,孙晓林.可再生能源在经济社会可持续发展中的作用[J].河南科技, 2008.6:7-8
[9]林红,刘忆翥,李鑫等.太阳能光伏技术发展的新概念[J].世界科技研究与发展, 2008,30(4):253-255
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[13]庾晋.我国太阳能发电现状、发展障碍及促进措施[J].华通技术,2007,26(3):40-43
[14]熊魏,张存泉.我国太阳能技术发展概况与应用前景[J].中国建设动态:阳光能源,2005.10:74-77
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[16]余世杰,何惠若,曹仁贤.光伏水泵系统中CVT及MPPT的控制比较[J].太阳能学报, 1998.19(4):394-398
[17]周玉柱.基于MC68HC908MR16的数字式光伏水泵系统控制器设计[J].电源技术应用, 2006.9(9):5-8
[18] Liu.X.,Lopes.A.C..An improved perturbation observation maximum power point tracking algorithm for PV arrays[J] . Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2004, Vol.3:2005-2010
[19]赵庚申,王庆章.最大功率跟踪控制在光伏系统中的应用[J].光电子·激光, 2003.14(8):813-816
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[21]叶满园.电导增量法实现MPPT单级光伏并网逆变器的仿真研究[J].防爆电机,2006.41(2):32-35
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