制造公司制造执行系统的设计与实现
摘要
制造执行系统(Manufacturing Execution System, MES)是面向制造过程的新型车间生产管理与控制信息系统。它接收企业上层生产管理信息系统产生的生产计划,负责管理生产现场的计划执行,指导生产现场活动;同时为企业上层生产管理信息系统制订切实有效的生产计划提供及时、准确的反馈信息,形成一个双向、实时的信息链路。MES填补了计划管理层与控制层之间的信息断层,是实现企业全面信息集成的关键,也是实施敏捷制造的重要基础。
本文针对一家制造公司的实际需求,采用软件工程的思想,详细阐述了适用于该公司的、具有一定可复用特征的制造执行系统的设计思路和实现过程。主要工作有以下几个方面:
1.从宏观的角度介绍了制造执行系统的定义、定位、应该具备的功能和国内外的发展现状;分析了在研究和工程实践中存在的不足,提出企业实施制造执行系统的规范化过程。
2.在对公司现行生产业务流程进行调研的基础上,描述了公司制造执行系统的信息流集成关系和系统边界;抽象出系统功能需求和非功能需求,并就划分的各功能模块进行了详细叙述。
3.从可复用性、抗修改能力、运行效率和便捷易用的角度出发,确定了系统的设计方案:系统总体采用框架设计,框架程序采用面向对象的设计方法;与生产管理相关的模块基于C/S技术开发;综合查询、生产现场信息模块基于B/S技术开发;数据库使用Oracle 9i大型关系数据库。论文对设计方案和部分数据表进行了解释。
4.详细阐述了计划管理、加工作业管理等与生产任务相关模块的具体实现;简要说明和分析了系统的测试方案和测试结果。
Manufacturing Execution System (MES) is a new type of manufacturing process-oriented information system for workshop production management and control. The system receives production plans from production management information system, is held responsible for the execution of the plans in real production, and directs the production activities. It also provides real-time accurate feedback to the production management system about those plans. Obviously, it’s a bridge between top-level management and low-level control system, and is the key for the integration of all enterprise information systems and implementation of advanced manufacturing strategy. For the actual requirement of a manufacture company, in the thesis, the thought of software engineering is adopted. The design idea and development procedure of the manufacture executing system which is applicable and reusable to the company is also elaborated. The main author’s work is described briefly as follows:
Firstly, the MES’s definition, position, basic functions and situation in practice are introduced generally. Its deficiencies in research and engineer practices are analyzed. And the Standardization processes of MES are proposed.
Secondly, based on the research of the company’s current production flow, the information integration relationship and system borders are described. The system functions and non-functual requirements are generalized. The function models also are divided and detailed.
Thirdly, to make the MES reusable, anti-amendable, efficient and easy-to-use, the system is generally designed with the framework and object-oriented method. Models for production tasks are developed based on C/S. Synthesis selection and production information models are realized based on B/S. Oracle 9i is adopted for database. The designation and some date sheets are explained in the thesis.
Fourthly, models realized by author such as plan management and processing operations management are elaborated. The corresponding model testing is also finished and interpreted.
本文针对一家制造公司的实际需求,采用软件工程的思想,详细阐述了适用于该公司的、具有一定可复用特征的制造执行系统的设计思路和实现过程。主要工作有以下几个方面:
1.从宏观的角度介绍了制造执行系统的定义、定位、应该具备的功能和国内外的发展现状;分析了在研究和工程实践中存在的不足,提出企业实施制造执行系统的规范化过程。
2.在对公司现行生产业务流程进行调研的基础上,描述了公司制造执行系统的信息流集成关系和系统边界;抽象出系统功能需求和非功能需求,并就划分的各功能模块进行了详细叙述。
3.从可复用性、抗修改能力、运行效率和便捷易用的角度出发,确定了系统的设计方案:系统总体采用框架设计,框架程序采用面向对象的设计方法;与生产管理相关的模块基于C/S技术开发;综合查询、生产现场信息模块基于B/S技术开发;数据库使用Oracle 9i大型关系数据库。论文对设计方案和部分数据表进行了解释。
4.详细阐述了计划管理、加工作业管理等与生产任务相关模块的具体实现;简要说明和分析了系统的测试方案和测试结果。
Manufacturing Execution System (MES) is a new type of manufacturing process-oriented information system for workshop production management and control. The system receives production plans from production management information system, is held responsible for the execution of the plans in real production, and directs the production activities. It also provides real-time accurate feedback to the production management system about those plans. Obviously, it’s a bridge between top-level management and low-level control system, and is the key for the integration of all enterprise information systems and implementation of advanced manufacturing strategy. For the actual requirement of a manufacture company, in the thesis, the thought of software engineering is adopted. The design idea and development procedure of the manufacture executing system which is applicable and reusable to the company is also elaborated. The main author’s work is described briefly as follows:
Firstly, the MES’s definition, position, basic functions and situation in practice are introduced generally. Its deficiencies in research and engineer practices are analyzed. And the Standardization processes of MES are proposed.
Secondly, based on the research of the company’s current production flow, the information integration relationship and system borders are described. The system functions and non-functual requirements are generalized. The function models also are divided and detailed.
Thirdly, to make the MES reusable, anti-amendable, efficient and easy-to-use, the system is generally designed with the framework and object-oriented method. Models for production tasks are developed based on C/S. Synthesis selection and production information models are realized based on B/S. Oracle 9i is adopted for database. The designation and some date sheets are explained in the thesis.
Fourthly, models realized by author such as plan management and processing operations management are elaborated. The corresponding model testing is also finished and interpreted.
引文
[1]江泽民.全面建设小康社会,开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面.中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会,北京,2002
[2]柴天佑.企业信息化一数字化与智能化.大连:大工讲坛,2004,2
[3]范玉顺.企业信息化整体解决方案.北京:科学出版社,2004,1-2
[4]刘树森.现代制造企业信息化.北京:科学出版社,2005,5
[5]饶运清,李培根,李淑霞等.制造执行系统的现状与发展趋势.机械科学与技术,2002,21(6):1011-1016
[6]何霆,刘文煌,梁力平.MES的计划,调度集成问题研究.制造业自动化,2003,25(3):24-26
[7]李淑霞.复杂信息环境下MES若干关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004,5
[8] MESA International.MES Software Evaluation/Selection.MESA International White Paper Number 4,1997
[9] J.Barry,M.Aparicio,T.Durniak,tal.NIIIP-SMART:An Investigation of Distributed Object Approaches to Support MES Development and Deployment in a Virtual Enterprise.http://smart.npo.org/public-forum/,1999
[10] Chen Y Y,Fu L C,Chen Y C.Multi-agent-based dynamic scheduling for a flexible assembly system.In:Proceedings of IEEE International Comterrence on Robotics and Automarion,1998:2122-2127
[11]孙彦广,陈靖屏.流程工业制造执行系统.北京:化学工业出版社,2006,12
[12]张书亭,杨建军,邹学礼.面向敏捷制造车间的制造执行系统.新技术新工艺,2000,(12):2-4
[13]于海斌,朱云龙.可集成的制造执行系统.计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2000,6(6):1-6
[14] MESA International.Controls Definition&MES to Controls Data Flow Possibilities.MESA International-White Paper Number 3.2000
[15] MESA International.MES Explained:A 1-ligh Level Vision. MESA International-White Paper Number 6, 1997
[16]毛海军,李朝辉,王化峰.构件化制造执行系统(CBMES).辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(4):602-605
[17] MESA International. MES functionalities & MRP to MES data flow possibilities. MESA International-White Paper Number 2, 1997
[18] Steven Weygandt. Getting the MES model-methods for system analysis.ISA Transactions,1996(35):95-103
[19] Andress Schumann.SAP-R/3 in process industry:expectation,experiences and outlooks.ISA Transactions,1997,36(3):161-166
[20]王万雷.制造执行系统(MES)若干关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学,2005,7
[21] Production System Modeling Technical Committee Japan FA Open Systems Promotion Group. Specifications of the OpenMES Framework. Manufacturing Science & Technology Center, 2000
[22]王纯贤.网络化制造环境下以人为中心的制造执行系统关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2005,12
[23]柴天佑,金以慧,任德祥等.基于三层结构的流程工业现代集成制造系统.控制工程,2002,9(3):1-5
[24]马万太,谭惠民,黎志光等.ERP闭环实现关键一ERP/MES/底层控制集成系统研究.中国机械工程,2003,14(16):1387-1390
[25]罗国富,施法中.基于CORBA的可重构制造执行系统实现.高技术通讯,2004,(11):47-50
[26]邹违坤,温秋生.MES在离散制造业中的应用模式.CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2007,(12):24-26
[27]于冬青.制造制行系统MES在纺织行业中的应用.针织工业,2006,9(9):61-64
[28]张海潘.软件工程导论.北京:清华大学出版社,1998,57-59
[29] Eric J.Braude.Software Design From Programming to Architecture.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,404-426
[30] Jeffrey L. Whitten,Lonnie D.Bentley,Kevin C. Dittman.System Analysis and Design Methods.北京:机械工业出版社,2007,407-419
[31] Nilesh Shah.Database System Using Oracle:A Simplified Guide to SQL and PL/SQL .北京:清华大学出版社,2005,18-30
[32]孙凤栋.Oracle数据库基础教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,311-320
[33]杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报,1999,27(2):68-75
[34]李朝辉.基于构件复用技术的组态模型及平台研究:[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学,2005,2
[35]孙佳,刘中兵,李伯华.JSP+Oracle动态网站开发案例精选.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,228-230
[36]舒红平.Web数据库编程-Java.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005,120-121
[37]卢守东.PowerBuilder数据库应用开发技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2006,228-230
[38]郭兴成.PowerBuilder9.0实用教程.北京:科学出版社,2006,300
[39]康一梅,张永革,李志军等.嵌入式软件测试.北京:机械工业出版社,2008,36
[40]姜同强.信息系统分析与设计.北京:机械工业出版社,2008,242
[2]柴天佑.企业信息化一数字化与智能化.大连:大工讲坛,2004,2
[3]范玉顺.企业信息化整体解决方案.北京:科学出版社,2004,1-2
[4]刘树森.现代制造企业信息化.北京:科学出版社,2005,5
[5]饶运清,李培根,李淑霞等.制造执行系统的现状与发展趋势.机械科学与技术,2002,21(6):1011-1016
[6]何霆,刘文煌,梁力平.MES的计划,调度集成问题研究.制造业自动化,2003,25(3):24-26
[7]李淑霞.复杂信息环境下MES若干关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学,2004,5
[8] MESA International.MES Software Evaluation/Selection.MESA International White Paper Number 4,1997
[9] J.Barry,M.Aparicio,T.Durniak,tal.NIIIP-SMART:An Investigation of Distributed Object Approaches to Support MES Development and Deployment in a Virtual Enterprise.http://smart.npo.org/public-forum/,1999
[10] Chen Y Y,Fu L C,Chen Y C.Multi-agent-based dynamic scheduling for a flexible assembly system.In:Proceedings of IEEE International Comterrence on Robotics and Automarion,1998:2122-2127
[11]孙彦广,陈靖屏.流程工业制造执行系统.北京:化学工业出版社,2006,12
[12]张书亭,杨建军,邹学礼.面向敏捷制造车间的制造执行系统.新技术新工艺,2000,(12):2-4
[13]于海斌,朱云龙.可集成的制造执行系统.计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2000,6(6):1-6
[14] MESA International.Controls Definition&MES to Controls Data Flow Possibilities.MESA International-White Paper Number 3.2000
[15] MESA International.MES Explained:A 1-ligh Level Vision. MESA International-White Paper Number 6, 1997
[16]毛海军,李朝辉,王化峰.构件化制造执行系统(CBMES).辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(4):602-605
[17] MESA International. MES functionalities & MRP to MES data flow possibilities. MESA International-White Paper Number 2, 1997
[18] Steven Weygandt. Getting the MES model-methods for system analysis.ISA Transactions,1996(35):95-103
[19] Andress Schumann.SAP-R/3 in process industry:expectation,experiences and outlooks.ISA Transactions,1997,36(3):161-166
[20]王万雷.制造执行系统(MES)若干关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学,2005,7
[21] Production System Modeling Technical Committee Japan FA Open Systems Promotion Group. Specifications of the OpenMES Framework. Manufacturing Science & Technology Center, 2000
[22]王纯贤.网络化制造环境下以人为中心的制造执行系统关键技术研究:[博士学位论文].合肥:合肥工业大学,2005,12
[23]柴天佑,金以慧,任德祥等.基于三层结构的流程工业现代集成制造系统.控制工程,2002,9(3):1-5
[24]马万太,谭惠民,黎志光等.ERP闭环实现关键一ERP/MES/底层控制集成系统研究.中国机械工程,2003,14(16):1387-1390
[25]罗国富,施法中.基于CORBA的可重构制造执行系统实现.高技术通讯,2004,(11):47-50
[26]邹违坤,温秋生.MES在离散制造业中的应用模式.CAD/CAM与制造业信息化,2007,(12):24-26
[27]于冬青.制造制行系统MES在纺织行业中的应用.针织工业,2006,9(9):61-64
[28]张海潘.软件工程导论.北京:清华大学出版社,1998,57-59
[29] Eric J.Braude.Software Design From Programming to Architecture.北京:电子工业出版社,2005,404-426
[30] Jeffrey L. Whitten,Lonnie D.Bentley,Kevin C. Dittman.System Analysis and Design Methods.北京:机械工业出版社,2007,407-419
[31] Nilesh Shah.Database System Using Oracle:A Simplified Guide to SQL and PL/SQL .北京:清华大学出版社,2005,18-30
[32]孙凤栋.Oracle数据库基础教程.北京:电子工业出版社,2007,311-320
[33]杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报,1999,27(2):68-75
[34]李朝辉.基于构件复用技术的组态模型及平台研究:[博士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学,2005,2
[35]孙佳,刘中兵,李伯华.JSP+Oracle动态网站开发案例精选.北京:清华大学出版社,2005,228-230
[36]舒红平.Web数据库编程-Java.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005,120-121
[37]卢守东.PowerBuilder数据库应用开发技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2006,228-230
[38]郭兴成.PowerBuilder9.0实用教程.北京:科学出版社,2006,300
[39]康一梅,张永革,李志军等.嵌入式软件测试.北京:机械工业出版社,2008,36
[40]姜同强.信息系统分析与设计.北京:机械工业出版社,2008,242