文化演化视角下的供应链企业资源整合模式研究
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摘要
在当今全球化竞争背景下,企业资源整合范围不断超越企业边界和国家边界,其整合模式的选取已经不再是纯粹管理技术的问题,而在很大程度上受到国家文化特征的影响。因此,从文化演化视角下探讨国家文化特征对供应链企业资源整合模式的影响机理,帮助企业选取合适的资源整合模式,已经成为供应链企业面对国际化竞争时所不能回避的问题。
本文从演化理论视角分析文化演化的动力机制,在对比研究美、日、中三国文化维度特征的基础上,应用Hofstede和Quinn的文化理论得到中国国家文化-企业文化的演化类型。
基于企业资源理论的相关研究,本文界定了资源和资源整合概念,并运用软系统CATWOE方法,分析国家文化-企业文化演化特征对企业资源整合的影响,并在考虑组织要素的情况下,对供应链企业资源整合演化博弈做了初步分析。
本文提出文化要素对供应链企业资源整合模式影响的概念模型,并阐述了聚合作用和杠杆作用的企业资源整合模式的机理,还探讨了基于资源的层次竞争、战略柔性与持久竞争优势的关系。
在相关文献梳理基础上,本文提出了相应的理论假设,构建了企业文化-资源整合-战略柔性研究结构模型。在实证研究阶段,笔者共向天津市、湖北省的有关制造企业的中高层管理者和员工发放调查问卷246份,并借助结构方程模型(SEM)的VisualPLS统计软件对模型进行了假设检验。结论阐明了不同文化要素及其要素组合对企业内外部资源整合模式产生不同的影响,并给出了具体的管理建议。
Under the global competition, the scope of enterprise resources integration is expanding beyond organizational and national borders, the selection of resources integration model is no longer a pure technology problem, but influenced largely by the characteristics of national culture. The dissertation attempts to recover the relationship between characteristics of national culture and resources integration model from the perspective of cultural evolution. This will help supply chain enterprises select the right resources integration model to attain competitive advantage.
Firstly, dynamic mechanism of cultural evolution is proposed from the perspective of evolutionary theory. Based on the comparative study of the characteristics of national culture among America, Japan and China, four evolution types of Chinese national-organizational culture are divided according to Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory and Quinn’s Competing Values Framework.
Secondly, the dissertation presents the concepts of resource and resources integration based on RBT (Resource-Based Theory). The relationship between evolutionary characteristics of Chinese national-organizational culture and enterprise resources integration is analyzed by using soft system CATWOE analysis. This dissertation establishes the evolutionary game model of supply chain enterprise resources integration under the condition of organizational elements, and analyzes its dynamic evolution process.
Then, the dissertation presents the conceptual framework on the relationship between cultural elements and supply chain enterprise resources integration models (RIMs). And the latter, divided by property rights of resources, not firm boundary, as internal resources integration model (IRIM) and external resources integration model (ERIM), is presented as being specific in different cultural contexts. We also explore the polymerization and leverage mechanism of enterprise resources integration model, and the relationship among resource-level competition, strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage.
Therefore, a conceptual framework of Organizational Culture-Resources Integration-Strategic Flexibility based upon relevant literature is developed, and the specific impacts of cultural elements on the selection of RIMs are analyzed. To test the theoretical hypotheses, an empirical study was carried out using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique within the Structural Equation Modeling paradigm, with 246 questionnaires from senior managers and employees from manufacturing industries in Tianjin Municipality and Hubei Province. The statistical results showed that there was a close relationship between cultural characteristics and the ways to integrate internal or external resources, though IRIM and ERIM were not necessarily linked. Further discussions of the role that cultural orientation plays in the successful implementation of resources integration process in supply chain management (SCM) is given finally.
本文从演化理论视角分析文化演化的动力机制,在对比研究美、日、中三国文化维度特征的基础上,应用Hofstede和Quinn的文化理论得到中国国家文化-企业文化的演化类型。
基于企业资源理论的相关研究,本文界定了资源和资源整合概念,并运用软系统CATWOE方法,分析国家文化-企业文化演化特征对企业资源整合的影响,并在考虑组织要素的情况下,对供应链企业资源整合演化博弈做了初步分析。
本文提出文化要素对供应链企业资源整合模式影响的概念模型,并阐述了聚合作用和杠杆作用的企业资源整合模式的机理,还探讨了基于资源的层次竞争、战略柔性与持久竞争优势的关系。
在相关文献梳理基础上,本文提出了相应的理论假设,构建了企业文化-资源整合-战略柔性研究结构模型。在实证研究阶段,笔者共向天津市、湖北省的有关制造企业的中高层管理者和员工发放调查问卷246份,并借助结构方程模型(SEM)的VisualPLS统计软件对模型进行了假设检验。结论阐明了不同文化要素及其要素组合对企业内外部资源整合模式产生不同的影响,并给出了具体的管理建议。
Under the global competition, the scope of enterprise resources integration is expanding beyond organizational and national borders, the selection of resources integration model is no longer a pure technology problem, but influenced largely by the characteristics of national culture. The dissertation attempts to recover the relationship between characteristics of national culture and resources integration model from the perspective of cultural evolution. This will help supply chain enterprises select the right resources integration model to attain competitive advantage.
Firstly, dynamic mechanism of cultural evolution is proposed from the perspective of evolutionary theory. Based on the comparative study of the characteristics of national culture among America, Japan and China, four evolution types of Chinese national-organizational culture are divided according to Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory and Quinn’s Competing Values Framework.
Secondly, the dissertation presents the concepts of resource and resources integration based on RBT (Resource-Based Theory). The relationship between evolutionary characteristics of Chinese national-organizational culture and enterprise resources integration is analyzed by using soft system CATWOE analysis. This dissertation establishes the evolutionary game model of supply chain enterprise resources integration under the condition of organizational elements, and analyzes its dynamic evolution process.
Then, the dissertation presents the conceptual framework on the relationship between cultural elements and supply chain enterprise resources integration models (RIMs). And the latter, divided by property rights of resources, not firm boundary, as internal resources integration model (IRIM) and external resources integration model (ERIM), is presented as being specific in different cultural contexts. We also explore the polymerization and leverage mechanism of enterprise resources integration model, and the relationship among resource-level competition, strategic flexibility and sustainable competitive advantage.
Therefore, a conceptual framework of Organizational Culture-Resources Integration-Strategic Flexibility based upon relevant literature is developed, and the specific impacts of cultural elements on the selection of RIMs are analyzed. To test the theoretical hypotheses, an empirical study was carried out using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique within the Structural Equation Modeling paradigm, with 246 questionnaires from senior managers and employees from manufacturing industries in Tianjin Municipality and Hubei Province. The statistical results showed that there was a close relationship between cultural characteristics and the ways to integrate internal or external resources, though IRIM and ERIM were not necessarily linked. Further discussions of the role that cultural orientation plays in the successful implementation of resources integration process in supply chain management (SCM) is given finally.
引文
①转引卢瑟福,经济学中的制度:老制度主义与新制度主义,中国社会科学出版社,1999年。
①相关介绍和评论,参见李其庆,法国调节学派评析,经济社会体制比较,2004(2): 113~134。
①转引自王立宏,文化演化与经济制度变迁,黑龙江社会科学,2005(1): 46~48。
①转引自张金鑫著,并购谁:并购双方资源匹配战略分析,北京:中国经济出版社,2006。
②John Teresko.Anson转载.制胜供应链[J/OL].2006-11-24[2007-10-14]. http://www.worldscm.com/publish/article/2006-11-24/37803.htm.
①转引自高道蕴等编著,美国学者论中国法律传统,中国政法大学出版社,1994。
①转引自杨艺,“传统文化”与“文化传统”之新视点,西南民族大学学报(人文社科版), 2004,25(5): 287~289。
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①相关介绍和评论,参见李其庆,法国调节学派评析,经济社会体制比较,2004(2): 113~134。
①转引自王立宏,文化演化与经济制度变迁,黑龙江社会科学,2005(1): 46~48。
①转引自张金鑫著,并购谁:并购双方资源匹配战略分析,北京:中国经济出版社,2006。
②John Teresko.Anson转载.制胜供应链[J/OL].2006-11-24[2007-10-14]. http://www.worldscm.com/publish/article/2006-11-24/37803.htm.
①转引自高道蕴等编著,美国学者论中国法律传统,中国政法大学出版社,1994。
①转引自杨艺,“传统文化”与“文化传统”之新视点,西南民族大学学报(人文社科版), 2004,25(5): 287~289。
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