炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度研究及应用
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摘要
瓦斯系统是炼油企业能量系统的重要组成部分,并且是炼油企业最主要的燃料源,对瓦斯系统的操作进行优化调度将极大地挖掘炼油企业降本增效的潜力,同时为其节能降耗工作发挥重大作用。然而,目前学术界和工程界对炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度的研究和应用并不多见,为此,对该课题的研究就显得更为迫切。本文在综述了炼油企业瓦斯系统以及调度问题的国内外研究和应用现状后,对炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度的相关问题进行了系统而深入的研究,并在此基础上实现了瓦斯系统优化调度在现场中的应用,所取得的研究成果包括:
1)根据炼油企业的实际情况,将瓦斯系统视为炼油企业能量系统的核心,并且以瓦斯管网的逻辑拓扑结构为基础,建立起集成了瓦斯、蒸汽和电力等能量介质的多周期瓦斯系统优化调度建模框架,为炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度研究奠定基础。
2)基于合理的假设,建立了多周期瓦斯系统优化调度MILP模型,并用边际价值分析的方法,对该模型进行了经济分析,以指出瓦斯系统中的瓶颈问题,提出相应的改良方案,以及辅助现场调度决策的生成。
3)提出了采用模糊可能性规划来处理炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度问题中瓦斯产量预测、装置能耗预测、目标函数惩罚参数等不确定因素的方法,并利用边际价值分析方法对模型中的不确定性参数以及去模糊化过程中的各项参数进行了灵敏度分析,增加了灵敏度分析的灵活性。
4)对瓦斯系统中的瓦斯管线做了分类分析,使用广义析取规划(GDP)方法对自产自耗装置管线和带瓦斯源管线进行了建模,并且提出了一种基于仿真的迭代求解策略来处理环状管线的运行状态,从而在保证了调度决策可靠性的基础上,避免了对混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)问题的求解,为瓦斯系统优化调度的实际应用创造了条件。
5)描述了蒸汽动力系统优化调度的建模过程,并将其与瓦斯系统优化调度模型集成,提出了瓦斯系统和蒸汽动力系统的集成优化调度策略,并实现了瓦斯系统和蒸汽动力系统(即炼油企业能量系统)的全局最优。
6)以国内某大型炼油企业的瓦斯系统为应用背景,建立了该炼油企业的瓦斯系统优化调度模型,并且提出了系统的工程应用验证方法,以确保调度模型和求解方法的可靠性和调度决策的有效性,最终实现了瓦斯系统优化调度在该炼油企业的应用。
本文最后对所有研究内容进行总结和分析,并提出进一步研究的若干设想和建议。
Fuel gas system, which is the largest energy source in refinery, is one of the most important parts of refinery's energy system. Optimal scheduling of fuel gas system will play a great part in energy saving, and definitely will bring considerable profit to the refinery at the same time. However, few research works, neither in academic nor in engineering, have been reported on this field. As a result, it is extremely valuable to give a comprehensive research in this problem. After surveyed major research issues in refinery fuel gas system and scheduling problem, some research items about the optimization of fuel gas system scheduling in refinery are investigated systematically. Finally, the application of this optimal scheduling is realized in a real refinery. i he main contributions in this dissertation are listed as follows:
1) Fuel gas system is considered as core of the energy system according to its important role in refinery. Consequently, a modeling framework for multi-period optimization of fuel gas system scheduling, which integrate all kinds of the energy form such as fuel gas, steam, electricity and so on, is proposed based on the topology structure of fuel gas networks. The modeling framework is the base of the whole research.
2) Some reasonable assumptions are presented so that an MILP model for multi-period optimization of fuel gas system scheduling can be proposed. Marginal value analysis, which provides additional economic information of the fuel gas system, is introduced into the research. This analytical method is used to identify the system bottleneck, propose the improvement measure and assist decision-making in the case study.
3) In order to deal with the imprecise natures in the fuel gas system, such as prediction of production rate of fuel gas, prediction of energy demand of equipments and cost coefficient in the objective function, fuzzy possibilistic programming method is introduced. To give the sensitivity analysis of the uncertainty parameters in the fuzzy model, marginal vale analysis method, which will improve the flexibility, is proposed.
4) The fuel gas pipeline network is classified by its topology structure. A logical modeling method, which is called generalized disjunctive programming(GDP), is introduced to model the pipeline with self-producing-self-consuming equipment and the pipeline with fuel gas source, while an iterative procedure based on pipeline network simulation is proposed to effectively deal with the loop structure pipeline network. Thus, the solution of a complex MINLP formulation is replaced by the sequential MILP problem in condition that the reliability of the scheduling decisions are guaranteed. This makes it possible to execute optimal fuel gas system scheduling in real refinery.
5) The model for optimization of steam system in refinery is introduced. By integrating this model with that for optimization of fuel gas system, an integrated optimal scheduling strategy which consider steam system and fuel gas system simultaneously is presented. Global optimization will be obtained during scheduling of refinery energy system by using this integrated optimal scheduling strategy.
6) A model for optimization of fuel gas system scheduling in a domestic complex refinery is proposed. Furthermore, a systematic validation method for engineering application is designed. Through these validations, reliability of the scheduling model and solving strategy and effectiveness of the scheduling decisions is guaranteed, and application of optimal fuel gas system scheduling is realized in this real refinery.
Finally, a summary of the research referred above is concluded and the prospect of future study is indicated in this dissertation.
1)根据炼油企业的实际情况,将瓦斯系统视为炼油企业能量系统的核心,并且以瓦斯管网的逻辑拓扑结构为基础,建立起集成了瓦斯、蒸汽和电力等能量介质的多周期瓦斯系统优化调度建模框架,为炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度研究奠定基础。
2)基于合理的假设,建立了多周期瓦斯系统优化调度MILP模型,并用边际价值分析的方法,对该模型进行了经济分析,以指出瓦斯系统中的瓶颈问题,提出相应的改良方案,以及辅助现场调度决策的生成。
3)提出了采用模糊可能性规划来处理炼油企业瓦斯系统优化调度问题中瓦斯产量预测、装置能耗预测、目标函数惩罚参数等不确定因素的方法,并利用边际价值分析方法对模型中的不确定性参数以及去模糊化过程中的各项参数进行了灵敏度分析,增加了灵敏度分析的灵活性。
4)对瓦斯系统中的瓦斯管线做了分类分析,使用广义析取规划(GDP)方法对自产自耗装置管线和带瓦斯源管线进行了建模,并且提出了一种基于仿真的迭代求解策略来处理环状管线的运行状态,从而在保证了调度决策可靠性的基础上,避免了对混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)问题的求解,为瓦斯系统优化调度的实际应用创造了条件。
5)描述了蒸汽动力系统优化调度的建模过程,并将其与瓦斯系统优化调度模型集成,提出了瓦斯系统和蒸汽动力系统的集成优化调度策略,并实现了瓦斯系统和蒸汽动力系统(即炼油企业能量系统)的全局最优。
6)以国内某大型炼油企业的瓦斯系统为应用背景,建立了该炼油企业的瓦斯系统优化调度模型,并且提出了系统的工程应用验证方法,以确保调度模型和求解方法的可靠性和调度决策的有效性,最终实现了瓦斯系统优化调度在该炼油企业的应用。
本文最后对所有研究内容进行总结和分析,并提出进一步研究的若干设想和建议。
Fuel gas system, which is the largest energy source in refinery, is one of the most important parts of refinery's energy system. Optimal scheduling of fuel gas system will play a great part in energy saving, and definitely will bring considerable profit to the refinery at the same time. However, few research works, neither in academic nor in engineering, have been reported on this field. As a result, it is extremely valuable to give a comprehensive research in this problem. After surveyed major research issues in refinery fuel gas system and scheduling problem, some research items about the optimization of fuel gas system scheduling in refinery are investigated systematically. Finally, the application of this optimal scheduling is realized in a real refinery. i he main contributions in this dissertation are listed as follows:
1) Fuel gas system is considered as core of the energy system according to its important role in refinery. Consequently, a modeling framework for multi-period optimization of fuel gas system scheduling, which integrate all kinds of the energy form such as fuel gas, steam, electricity and so on, is proposed based on the topology structure of fuel gas networks. The modeling framework is the base of the whole research.
2) Some reasonable assumptions are presented so that an MILP model for multi-period optimization of fuel gas system scheduling can be proposed. Marginal value analysis, which provides additional economic information of the fuel gas system, is introduced into the research. This analytical method is used to identify the system bottleneck, propose the improvement measure and assist decision-making in the case study.
3) In order to deal with the imprecise natures in the fuel gas system, such as prediction of production rate of fuel gas, prediction of energy demand of equipments and cost coefficient in the objective function, fuzzy possibilistic programming method is introduced. To give the sensitivity analysis of the uncertainty parameters in the fuzzy model, marginal vale analysis method, which will improve the flexibility, is proposed.
4) The fuel gas pipeline network is classified by its topology structure. A logical modeling method, which is called generalized disjunctive programming(GDP), is introduced to model the pipeline with self-producing-self-consuming equipment and the pipeline with fuel gas source, while an iterative procedure based on pipeline network simulation is proposed to effectively deal with the loop structure pipeline network. Thus, the solution of a complex MINLP formulation is replaced by the sequential MILP problem in condition that the reliability of the scheduling decisions are guaranteed. This makes it possible to execute optimal fuel gas system scheduling in real refinery.
5) The model for optimization of steam system in refinery is introduced. By integrating this model with that for optimization of fuel gas system, an integrated optimal scheduling strategy which consider steam system and fuel gas system simultaneously is presented. Global optimization will be obtained during scheduling of refinery energy system by using this integrated optimal scheduling strategy.
6) A model for optimization of fuel gas system scheduling in a domestic complex refinery is proposed. Furthermore, a systematic validation method for engineering application is designed. Through these validations, reliability of the scheduling model and solving strategy and effectiveness of the scheduling decisions is guaranteed, and application of optimal fuel gas system scheduling is realized in this real refinery.
Finally, a summary of the research referred above is concluded and the prospect of future study is indicated in this dissertation.
引文
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