摘要
建筑业是我国节能减排的重要行业,也是实现我国经济社会绿色可持续发展的重点领域。对建筑材料供给、施工使用以及废弃回收的绿色供应链管理是实现建筑及相关领域绿色化的重要环节与途径。本论文针对建筑业绿色供应链管理问题,分别对其系统构建,组织实施与优化,以及评价与支撑系统分析等方面,从微观和宏观的角度开展了较为全面的研究工作:
(1)在对建筑行业绿色供应链管理特点与结构分析的基础上,构建了建筑业绿色供应链组织结构整合模型,并对绿色供应链实施中的绿色设计、绿色承包商选择、绿色采购、绿色运输与仓储、绿色施工、绿色回收进行了较为系统地分析。最后对建筑业供应链结构模型进行了工程实例分析与比较。
(2)针对建筑业绿色供应链运作优化管理问题,首先分析了建筑业绿色供应链(CGSC)组织结构,在此基础上构建了建筑业绿色供应链数学规划模型来优化供应链成员运作。模型优化目标是建筑业正、逆向供应链系统总体经济与环境效益最大化,试验表明模型能显著改善绿色供应链系统总效益。进而分析了回收率、政府补贴和环境效益指标对建筑业绿色供应链系统总效益的影响,得出合理的补贴和控制策略能够优化建筑业绿色供应链系统。
(3)从节能、减排、经济三方面对建筑业绿色供应链的影响因素进行分析,构建了建筑业绿色供应链的评价指标体系,提出了基于模糊综合评价和数据包络分析的建筑业绿色供应链评价模型,实例验证了上述方法在建筑业绿色供应链节能减排评价中的可行性。
(4)针对建筑业绿色供应链宏观管理问题,在对其系统结构与政策动因分析的基础上,建立了建筑业绿色供应链系统因果及反馈关系图,基于系统动力学理论对其进行抽象,构建了建筑业绿色供应链实施的系统动力学模型;并以大连为例进行了仿真实验,分析了建筑绿色供应链实施的主要政策因素,研究结果可为政府宏观调控和政策制定提供决策支持。
The construction is the important industry for energy-saving and emission-reduction, and is the key field for the realization of green sustainable development in economic society in our country. Green Supply Chain Management, which includes construction materials supply, construction usage and the recycling, is the important link and way to realize green in construction and related domain. Considering the Green management of Construction Supply Chain (CSC), the construction, organization, implementation, optimization, evaluation and system analysis are studied from microscopic and macroscopic angle, respectively. The primary contents include:
(1) Based on the construction of green supply chain management characteristics and structural analysis, Then, an integrated construction green supply chain management model is proposed and its implementation for green supply chain is discussed with green design, green contractor selection, green purchasing, green transport and storage, green construction, green recycling. Finally, the proposed structural model in CGSCM is studied and compared by engineering examples.
(2) Depending on the Operational Optimization in Constuction Green Supply Chain, the organizational structure of construction green supply chain management (CGSCM) is analyzed. On this basis, a mathematical programming model of CGSCM is proposed to maximize the aggregate profits of normalized construction logistics, the reverse logistics and the environmental performance. Numerical experiments show that the proposed approach can improve the aggregate profit effectively. In addition, return ratio, subsidies from governmental organizations, and environmental performance were analyzed for CGSCM performance. Herein, the proper return, subsidy and control strategy could optimize the system of construction green supply chain.
(3) The influential factors of resource saving, pollution reduction and economic effect are analyzed for GCSC evaluation. The basic evaluative indexes for GCSC are discussed. Then, a GCSC evaluation model is presented based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP)and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Finally, the application case also shows the feasibility of the methods for GCSC evaluation.
(4) Considering macro-management of construction green supply chain, firstly, the system structure of construction green supply chain and policy reasons are analyzed. Secondly, the feedback and causal relationship of construction green supply chain implementation are studied. Then the system dynamics model of construction green supply chain implementation is proposed. Take Dalian for a simulation experiment, major policy factors for CGSCM implement are analyzed. The results can provide decision support to the government macro-control and policy formulation.
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