GIS与SCADA集成研究及在高速公路监控系统中的应用设计
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摘要
数据采集与监视控制(SCADA)系统可以对现场运行设备进行监视和控制,以实现数据采集、设备控制、参数调节以及信号报警等各项功能,在各个领域得到了广泛应用。针对现有的SCADA系统在向综合自动化发展过程中,所带来的分布式控制和缺乏地理信息技术支持的现状,采用组件式集成技术实现SCADA系统与地理信息系统(GIS)的综合设计,符合监控系统向综合自动化发展的需求,并将设计运用到高速公路监控管理与运行业务,由此SCADA系统作为数据监控的基本手段,而GIS则为系统提供必要的地理信息支持,二者的相互结合,各显所长,可以很好地解决传统的监控系统不具备处理与空间地理分布有关的图形和数据的问题。本文主要的研究内容如下：
1)首先在研究GIS与SCADA系统及其应用的基础上,探讨二者结合的方式和途径,对当前实际用于开发过程中的集成方式和路线进行了总结,着力构建一个功能完备、相互协作的数据监控系统。
2)根据对系统集成应用的分析,着重研究了组件式集成技术在系统中的运用,即将GIS功能作为控件对象嵌入到高速公路的数据采集与监控系统中,为此,GIS被划分为几个控件模块,而每个控件模块实现相应的功能,然后通过可视化的编程环境进行集成设计与开发。
3)提出了明确的设计目标及任务,并讨论了系统的监控管理模式以及硬件组成情况。通过对监控系统的需求分析,采用基于C/S多层体系结构,以完成数据汇集以及远程监控,建立起一体化的数据模型,实现对系统数据的管理与共享。
4)从监控系统软件的功能设计出发,划分出各个应用模块,对系统功能进行了详细分析,设计了相关的流程并进行了软件的开发,以实现系统的功能、数据和界面的一体化。最后,给出了本文所建立的应用实例的运行情况,通过测试表明系统运行稳定,各项功能操作正常,能够较好地满足课题的要求。
Data acquisition and supervisory control system can monitor and control the operation of the field device, in order to achieve the functions of data acquisition, device control, parameter adjustment and a variety of signal alarm, has been widely applied in various fields. To solve the problems of distributed control and lack of geographic information technical assistance in the process of integrated automation development for SCADA systems, utilizing component integration technology to achieve the comprehensive design of Geographic Information System and SCADA system, and the design results has been applied to the highway monitoring and operation management. In this process, the SCADA system as the basic means of data monitoring, while the GIS for the system to provide the necessary geographic information support. The combination of GIS and SCADA system can solve the problem that traditional monitoring system does not have the the ability to dealing with space data related to geography graphics. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows:
1) This paper firstly analyzes the ways and means of system integration based on studying the GIS and SCADA systems, and summarizes the current commonly system integration mode used in the process of actual development. Focus on the establishment of a versatile information monitoring system.
2) According to the analysis of system integration, focusing on the use of component-based integration technology in the system. GIS functions as the control objects embedded in the highway data acquisition and monitoring system, and the GIS module is divided into several controls, each control to complete the corresponding function. Finally, the actual application system is formed by using a visual programming environment for the integrated development.
3) Provided a clear design objective and task, and discusses the management mode and hardware components of the monitoring system. The monitoring system has been developed based on the multilayer structure of C/S to realize data acquisition and remote control. With the establishment of integrated database, the seamless connection of systems and data sharing are realized, and the data consistency and real-time performance of the integrated system are ensured.
4) Departure from the perspective of software functionality design, according to the division of each application module, this paper analyzes the various functions of the system in detail, designs the related flow processes and develops the software in order to implement the integration of system in terms of data, interface and function. The system is now successfully applied in actual working environment, and all functions are verified with stable operation and high scalability.
1)首先在研究GIS与SCADA系统及其应用的基础上,探讨二者结合的方式和途径,对当前实际用于开发过程中的集成方式和路线进行了总结,着力构建一个功能完备、相互协作的数据监控系统。
2)根据对系统集成应用的分析,着重研究了组件式集成技术在系统中的运用,即将GIS功能作为控件对象嵌入到高速公路的数据采集与监控系统中,为此,GIS被划分为几个控件模块,而每个控件模块实现相应的功能,然后通过可视化的编程环境进行集成设计与开发。
3)提出了明确的设计目标及任务,并讨论了系统的监控管理模式以及硬件组成情况。通过对监控系统的需求分析,采用基于C/S多层体系结构,以完成数据汇集以及远程监控,建立起一体化的数据模型,实现对系统数据的管理与共享。
4)从监控系统软件的功能设计出发,划分出各个应用模块,对系统功能进行了详细分析,设计了相关的流程并进行了软件的开发,以实现系统的功能、数据和界面的一体化。最后,给出了本文所建立的应用实例的运行情况,通过测试表明系统运行稳定,各项功能操作正常,能够较好地满足课题的要求。
Data acquisition and supervisory control system can monitor and control the operation of the field device, in order to achieve the functions of data acquisition, device control, parameter adjustment and a variety of signal alarm, has been widely applied in various fields. To solve the problems of distributed control and lack of geographic information technical assistance in the process of integrated automation development for SCADA systems, utilizing component integration technology to achieve the comprehensive design of Geographic Information System and SCADA system, and the design results has been applied to the highway monitoring and operation management. In this process, the SCADA system as the basic means of data monitoring, while the GIS for the system to provide the necessary geographic information support. The combination of GIS and SCADA system can solve the problem that traditional monitoring system does not have the the ability to dealing with space data related to geography graphics. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows:
1) This paper firstly analyzes the ways and means of system integration based on studying the GIS and SCADA systems, and summarizes the current commonly system integration mode used in the process of actual development. Focus on the establishment of a versatile information monitoring system.
2) According to the analysis of system integration, focusing on the use of component-based integration technology in the system. GIS functions as the control objects embedded in the highway data acquisition and monitoring system, and the GIS module is divided into several controls, each control to complete the corresponding function. Finally, the actual application system is formed by using a visual programming environment for the integrated development.
3) Provided a clear design objective and task, and discusses the management mode and hardware components of the monitoring system. The monitoring system has been developed based on the multilayer structure of C/S to realize data acquisition and remote control. With the establishment of integrated database, the seamless connection of systems and data sharing are realized, and the data consistency and real-time performance of the integrated system are ensured.
4) Departure from the perspective of software functionality design, according to the division of each application module, this paper analyzes the various functions of the system in detail, designs the related flow processes and develops the software in order to implement the integration of system in terms of data, interface and function. The system is now successfully applied in actual working environment, and all functions are verified with stable operation and high scalability.
引文
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[2]宋新航.SCADA系统设计与实现[D].天津：天津大学,2007.
[3]王振明等.SCADA(监控与数据采集)软件系统的设计与开发[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2009.
[4]Goodchild M F.Future Directions for Geographic Information Science[J]. Geographic Information Science,1995,1(1):1-7.
[5]Clarke L.Integrating GIS with high performance SCADA[C].Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, Vancouver,2001.
[6]Trung D.The design of next generation SCADA systems[C].Proceedings of Power Industry Computer Application Conference,1995.
[7]Singh U, Caceres D.An integrated approach for implementing a distribution automation system[C].Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,2004.
[8]钟宁.配网地理信息系统数据组织及应用研究[D].重庆：重庆大学,2002.
[9]吴信才等.地理信息系统设计与实现[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2009.
[10]吴信才等.地理信息系统原理与方法[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2009.
[11]宋凤珍.基于SuperMap的电动汽车运行监控系统软件的设计与实现[D].北京：首都师范大学,2009.
[12]胡祥培,刘伟国,王旭茵.地理信息系统原理及应用[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2011.
[13]朱毅.排水管理系统中GIS与SCADA的集成研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2007.
[14]张宪.基于GIS的配电网网架规划的研究[D].河北：华北电力大学(河北),2006.
[15]吴信才,曾文,徐少平.基于SCADA和GIS技术的供水管网调度系统[J].测绘通报,2004,50(06)：49-52.
[16]朱毅,周君.GIS与SCADA集成中数据一体化技术的研究[J].计算机与数字工程.2007,35(03)：22-23.
[17]窦华成,王力,邓世军.GIS和SCADA系统数据一体化模型及其应用初探[J].工程勘察.2007,35(05)：48-50.
[18]成红琼,朱建,杨祝,韦宁,王彬.GIS与SCADA一体化系统实践[J].电力自动化设备,2002,30(11)：56-57.
[19]常保平.基于GIS的通用监控系统的设计与实现[J].计算机科学,2006,33(03)：294-295.
[20]李岑.基于GIS组件的高速公路监控系统设计与实现[D].上海：华东师范大学,2010.
[21]张烨,彭进业,葛宝,赵文静,白小鹏,马利克.组件式GIS在高速公路监控系统软件设计中的应用[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2004,34(05)：545-548.
[22]蒙映,林文介.基于GIS的高速公路管理信息系统建立方案的探讨[J].地矿测绘,2007,23(02)：18-21.
[23]张映雪,黄利芒.GIS技术在公路建设管理中的应用研究[J].中国公路学报,2004,17(1)：90-93.
[24]王志岗,彭霈.GIS与SCADA集成技术的研究与应用[J].测绘,2011,34(01)：14-17.
[25]林恺丰.高速公路监控系统的设计与实现[D].武汉：华中科技大学,2006.
[26]何雄.空间数据库引擎关键技术研究[D].北京：中国科学院研究生院(计算技术研究所),2006.
[27]Max J.Egenhofer.Spatial SQL:A Query and Presentation Language[J]. IEEE Transactions Knowledge and Data Engineering,1994,6(1):86-95.
[28]薄成文.供水系统SCADA软件开发与研究[D].大连：大连理工大学,2009.
[29]左飞航.GIS技术在城市规划管理信息系统中的应用研究[D].西安：西安科技大学,2011.
[30]毛先成,彭华熔.关系数据库存储空间数据模型与结构分析[J].地球信息科学,2005,7(01)：76-79.
[31]李学坤.数据采集处理系统中多线程的效率研究[J].工业控制计算机,2003,16(04)：52-53.
[32]Michael N.DeMers.Fundamentals of geographic information systems(Third Edition)[M]. Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.,2005.
[33]Michael G.Tait.Implementing geoportals:applications of distributed GIS[J]. Computers, Environment and urban Systems,2005,29(1):33-47.
[34]Paul A. Longly, Michael F. Goodchild, David J. Maguire, David W. Rhind.Geographic information systems and Science[M].Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.,2005.
[35]伍军云,徐少平,李春泉.基于SCADA和GIS技术的供水管网调度系统[J].微计算机信息.2009,25(7)：149-151.
[36]刘亚鑫,夏立.GIS与SCADA系统集成技术的研究[J].电网技术,2007,31(16)：42-45.
[37]王利军,李永树.基于GIS的DCS数据远程监控与可视化研究与应用[J].化工自动化及仪表,2010,37(6)：76-78.
[38]李冰山.COM组件技术及其应用[D].大连：大连理工大学,2000.
[39]杨秋霞.基于组件式GIS-SuperMap Objects的地理信息系统二次开发[J].哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,2005,21(06)：95-97.
[40]Akomolafe D T.Enhancing road monitoring and safety through the use of geospatial technology[J]. International Journal of Physical Sciences,2009,4(5):343-348.
[41]Thong C M, Wong W G.Using GIS to design a traffic information database for urban transport planning[J].Comput Environ Urban Syst,1997,21(11):425-443.
[42]Fu Jianping, Yu Yinhui.Employ and study of intelligent traffic system[J]. Comput Environ Urban Syst,1997,21(11):425-443.
[43]张伯明,孙宏斌,吴文传.三维协调的新一代电网能量管理系统[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(13)：1-6.
[44]程茂,蔡金金,温静.多层C/S系统构架的设计与实现[J].河北农业大学学报,2010,33(4)：104-108.
[45]陈银鹏,郭莉.面向多应用系统的监控系统的设计和实现[J].计算机应用,2008,28(4)：1061-1064.
[46]文永亮,孟文,王文玺.基于ADO技术的SCADA数据库开发[J].微计算机信息,2008,24(9-3)：141-143.
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