摘要
随着能源和环境问题的日益突出,实现节能减排具有重要的现实意义。高压共轨喷射系统对柴油机的经济性、动力性及减噪方面具有突出贡献,应用得越来越广泛。高压共轨喷射系统的主要特点有:喷油压力柔性可调,独立灵活控制喷油正时,自由调节喷油量,柔性控制喷油率形状。基于这些特点,高压共轨电控柴油机被认为是解决环保和节能双重压力的最有效和最经济的手段之一。研究电控系统对提高我国汽车行业的技术进步和自主研发能力具有重要意义。
本文以“乘用车柴油机电控管理系统(EMS)关键技术的研发与运用”科研项目为依托,在广泛查阅国内外相关文献的基础上,对高压共轨柴油机电喷系统的控制软件和控制策略进行研究。软件采用分层模块化的方法设计,软件静态结构有应用层、设备层和核心层;软件动态过程采用前后台结构,包括主程序和中断服务程序两部分。主程序完成系统初始化后进行总体调配工作,是软件的后台部分;中断服务程序处理异步事件,执行主任务、监视和正时同步等任务。由于曲轴信号和凸轮轴信号对ECU的正常运行起着至关重要的作用,通过对高压共轨系统结构和控制原理的分析进行控制策略的研究,基于喷油正时对凸轮轴传感器和曲轴传感器的控制策略进行设计。发动机的台架试验结果表明,所研制的ECU控制程序能够使发动机顺利起动;在怠速工况下,发动机转速波动范围正常,喷油脉宽和喷油时刻与设定值相符,控制策略和软件设计具有良好的实际应用效果。
With the energy sources and environment problem becomes increasingly prominent, the realization of energy saving and exhaust reducing has important significance. The using of high pressure common rail injection system becomes more and more applicable for it has the extrude advantage in the field of economy, power performance and reducing noise of diesel engine. The main characteristics of high pressure common rail injection system are list as follows:the injection pressure is flexible adjustable, injection timing can be controlled autocephaly agility, injection amount of oil can be adjustable freely and the injection rate figure can be controlled flexible. Based on these advantages, the high pressure common rail injection system was considering being the most efficiency and economic means to resolve the environment protection and energy saving double pressure. The research of electronic control system of diesel engine has important significance in improving of technology progress and independent study ability of our country.
This thesis based on the scientific research "development of energy saving and high efficient gas engine for new type saloon car". After widely consult of home and abroad correlation literature, the control soft and strategy of high pressure common rail injection system were researched. The layered modularized method was adopted to design the control soft. Static structure of soft contains application layer, equipment layer and core layer. Dynamic process of soft adopts front ground and back ground structure, including main program and interrupt service program. The main programs complete the system initialization at first, then it carry through the collectivity prepare process and it was belong to the back ground of the soft. The interrupt service program deal with asynchronism affairs and it carry out the main test, monitor and timing synchronization and other tests. By analyzing the system structure and control theory of high pressure common rail injection system and carrying out the research of control strategy, the control strategy of camshaft sensor and crankshaft sensor were designed based on oil injection timing for signals from this sensors were important for the running of ECU. The engine bench test result shows that the control program of ECU can realize the start of engine smoothly; in the idling condition, the rotate speed of engine fluctuated in the normal field; the injection pulse width and time was match with the set value; the control strategy and soft design has a good real application effect.
引文
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