MgLiAlZn合金组织与性能的研究
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摘要
本论文以轻质Mg-Li合金材料为研究对象,以均化处理、时效处理等热处理手段和Li对MgLiAlZn镁合金的微观组织和力学性能影响为主要研究内容。以具有代表性的Mg-8Al-0.5Zn、Mg-2.94Li-8Al-0.5Zn、Mg-3.25Li-8Al-0.5Zn、Mg-4.2Li-8Al-0.5Zn合金为基础,对镁锂合金成分-组织结构-机械性能之间的相互关系和作用规律进行了系统的研究。
用电阻炉配制了合金,对实验合金进行了不同条件下的热处理工艺,结合SEM、OM及拉伸实验等手段观察分析热处理前后,铸态和热处理态试验合金的组织变化和力学性能变化,分析热处理和Li对合金性能的影响。
研究结果表明,加入Li的MgLiAlZn合金的铸态显微组织由基体α-Mg固溶体、β-Mg17Al12相和AlLi相组成,只是β相数量减少,且基体组织明显细化,铸态合金的宏观硬度值随着Li的加入量的增加而增加。室温抗拉强度和抗压强度提高。经过固溶处理后,合金的晶粒尺寸没有太大的变化,β相几乎完全固溶于基体中,经过时效处理后,合金组织中重新析出β相,但其数量、尺寸与形貌有所不同。经过固溶处理后,合金的硬度降低,压缩强度和压缩率提高,时效处理后,合金硬度提高,抗拉强度和延伸率降低。
Mg-Li alloy were choosed as experiment alloys in this paper. Influence of Li amounts and heat treatments such as homogenizing and aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of MgLiAlZn alloys were studied. Mg-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-2.94Li-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-3.25Li-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-4.2Li-8Al-0.5Zn were investi-gated systematically to obtain the relationship and interaction of compositon, microstructures and mechanical properties.
The alloys are prepared in electrical resistance furnace, and then heat-treated under different conditions. SEM and OM, combined with tensile test are used to analyze the influnce of Li amoutns and heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Li alloys.
The result shows that: the as-cast microstructure of MgLiAlZn alloy with Li addition are consisted of matrixα-Mg sosoloid,β-Mg17Al12 phases and AlLi phases, the fraction ofβphase decreases andα-Mg matrix is refined. With the increase of Li, the tensile strength and compression strength are increased. After solution treatment the grain size of alloys shows no obvious change and theβphases dissolve into the matrix. After aging treatment theβphases precipitate again, but the amount, size and morphology changes. The hardness values decrease after solution treatment, the compression strength and condensation improve. The hardness values improve after aging treatment, the tensile strength improve, and the ductility of alloy reduce.
用电阻炉配制了合金,对实验合金进行了不同条件下的热处理工艺,结合SEM、OM及拉伸实验等手段观察分析热处理前后,铸态和热处理态试验合金的组织变化和力学性能变化,分析热处理和Li对合金性能的影响。
研究结果表明,加入Li的MgLiAlZn合金的铸态显微组织由基体α-Mg固溶体、β-Mg17Al12相和AlLi相组成,只是β相数量减少,且基体组织明显细化,铸态合金的宏观硬度值随着Li的加入量的增加而增加。室温抗拉强度和抗压强度提高。经过固溶处理后,合金的晶粒尺寸没有太大的变化,β相几乎完全固溶于基体中,经过时效处理后,合金组织中重新析出β相,但其数量、尺寸与形貌有所不同。经过固溶处理后,合金的硬度降低,压缩强度和压缩率提高,时效处理后,合金硬度提高,抗拉强度和延伸率降低。
Mg-Li alloy were choosed as experiment alloys in this paper. Influence of Li amounts and heat treatments such as homogenizing and aging on microstructure and mechanical properties of MgLiAlZn alloys were studied. Mg-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-2.94Li-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-3.25Li-8Al-0.5Zn, Mg-4.2Li-8Al-0.5Zn were investi-gated systematically to obtain the relationship and interaction of compositon, microstructures and mechanical properties.
The alloys are prepared in electrical resistance furnace, and then heat-treated under different conditions. SEM and OM, combined with tensile test are used to analyze the influnce of Li amoutns and heat treatments on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Li alloys.
The result shows that: the as-cast microstructure of MgLiAlZn alloy with Li addition are consisted of matrixα-Mg sosoloid,β-Mg17Al12 phases and AlLi phases, the fraction ofβphase decreases andα-Mg matrix is refined. With the increase of Li, the tensile strength and compression strength are increased. After solution treatment the grain size of alloys shows no obvious change and theβphases dissolve into the matrix. After aging treatment theβphases precipitate again, but the amount, size and morphology changes. The hardness values decrease after solution treatment, the compression strength and condensation improve. The hardness values improve after aging treatment, the tensile strength improve, and the ductility of alloy reduce.
引文
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2张同俊,李星国.镁合金的应用和中国镁业.材料导报. 2002, 16(7): 11-13
3李元东,郝远,阎峰云,等.铸造镁合金及其研究进展.材料导报. 2002, 6(6): 24-27
4刘正,王越,王中光,等.镁基轻质材料的研究与应用.材料研究学报. 2000, (5): 449-450
5 A.Luo, J.Renaud, and Nakatsugawa. Magnesium castings for automotive app-lications. JOM. 1995, (47): 28-31
6 F.Klein. Application and developing tendency of magnesium die-casting alloys in automobile industry. Sepcial Casting and Nonferrous Alloys. 1999, (20): 55-56
7 F.R.Cao, J.Z.Cui. The superplasticity and deformation on mechanism of ultralight binary Mg-8wt%Li alloy. ACTA Metallurgica Sinica. 1997, 9(10): 527-530
8马春江,张荻.超轻型Mg– Li合金.宇航材料工艺. 1998, 28(2): 27-32
9彭德林.定向凝固条件下二元Mg– Li合金共晶组织的研究.哈尔滨工业大学学报. 1999, 154(9): 3-6
10陈贻瑞.基础材料与新材料.天津:天津大学出版社, 1994: 76-77
11李劲风,等.超轻Mg– Li合金.轻合金加工技术. 2004, 32(10): 35-38
12 H.Haferkamp, M.Niemeyer, R.Boehem, et al. Development processing and applica-tions range of magnesium lithium alloys. Materials Science Forum. 2000, 351: 31-42
13 P.Crawford, R.Barrosa, Jmendez, et al. On the transformation characte-ristics of LA-141A (Mg-Li-Al) alloy. Journal Of Materials Processing Technology. 1996, (56): 108-118
14 F.W.Bach, M.Niemeyer, H.Haferkamp. Dichtere duzierte and duktilitats gesteigerte magnesium-werstoffe. SFB. 2001, (3): 27-29
15钟皓.新型镁锂合金成分设计与性能研究.北京航空航天大学硕士论文. 2003: 15-20
16 H.Friedrich, S.Schumann. Research for a new age of magneslum in the automotive industry. Journal Of Materials Processing Technology. 2001, 117: 276-281
17 Jeong-Min Kim, Ki-Dug Seong, et al. Microstural characteristics and mechanical properties of Al-2.5wt.% Li-1.2wt.% Cu-χMg alloys. Alloy Compounds. 2007, 434: 324-326
18 K.Higashi, J.Wolfenstine. Microstructural evolution during superplastic flow of a binary Mg-8.5%Li alloy. Materials Letters. 1991, 10(8): 329-332
19 J.Wolfenstive, G.Gonzalez, K.Higashi. Superplastic Mg-Li. Superplasticity Matrials Society. 1995, (8): 75-82
20 S.C.Hogg, I.G.Palmer, et al. Processing, Microstructure and property aspects of a spraycast Al-Mg-Li-Zr alloy. Acta Materialia. 2007, (55): 1885-1894
21罗丽娟.镁锂合金的开发加工和应用.轻金属. 2001, (4): 4-6
22郝启堂,等.镁锂系合金的研究现状.铸造技术. 2004, (1): 19-20
23于化顺,闽光辉,王大庆.反应合成法制备Mg-Li基复合材料的热力学研究.稀有金属. 1997(3): 156-159
24马春江,张荻,张国定,等. Mg-Li基复合材料.稀有金属材料与工程. 1998, (3): 125-129
25陈振华.镁合金.北京:化学工业出版社, 2004: 35-48
26《有色金属及热处理》编写组.有色金属及其热处理.国防工业出版社, 1981: 28-32
27崔昆.钢铁材料及有色金属材料.北京:机械工业出版社, 1986: 78-84
28郭会廷,夏兰廷.合金元素对镁及镁合金力学性能强化的研究.铸造设备研究. 2007, (2): 41-44
29 Tien-Chan Chang, Jian-Yih Wang, et al. Mechanical properties and microstructures of various Mg-Li alloys. Materials Letters. 2006, (60): 3272-3276
30 R.W.Cahn, P.Haasen, E.J.Kramer. Materials science and technology acompre-hensive treatment in matucha K.H.. Structure and Properties of Nonferrous Alloys. 1996, (18): 25-26
31张诗昌,段汉桥,蔡启舟,等.主要合金元素对镁合金组织和性能的影响.铸造. 2001, 50(6): 310-314
32刘鹏.铸造Mg-Li-Zn-Zr系镁合金组织及性能研究.西华大学硕士学位论文. 2006, 3: 5-8
33 Hansen, Eschurmann, G.Formneyer. The deformation and strengthening mechan-isms of multiphase Mg-Li-Al Alloys. Metals. 1986, 40: 1-6
34陈斌,等.变形Mg-Li-Al-Zn合金的组织与性能.北京航空航天大学学报. 2004, (10): 977-978
35 Abhijit Dutta, Prabhakar, D.Anil Kumar. Superplastic behavior of Mg-8Li-0.5Al alloy. Manufacturing Technology. 2000, (8): 459-463
36 M.V.Kral, B.C.Muddle, J.F.Nie. Crystallography of the bcc/hcp Trans-formation in a Mg-8Li alloy. Materials Science And Engineering [A]. 2007, 460: 227-232
37 Y.D.Koryakin, M.M.Shteinberg, N.T.Kareva, et al. The non-ferrous met. Res.. 1980, 8(5): 477-478
38牛中毅,景晓燕. Mg-χLi-3Al-2Zn-0.7Re合金的显微组织及力学性能.化学工程师. 2007, (1): 51-54
39 A.K.Kazakov, M.A.Timonava, L.G.Borisova. Mechanical properties and workability of Mg-Li-Alβbased alloyss. Metal Sci. Treat. 1983, 25: 9-10
40 Das.Sciddhartha. Mg-Li alloys of RSP. Manufacturing Technology. 1992, (2) : 236-250
41 P.J.Meschter, J.E.ONeal. Effect of RSP on the microstructure and the properties of Mg-9Li, Mg-9Li-1Si And Mg-9Li-1Ce alloys. Met. Trans.. 1984, (15): 237-238
42 M.C.Lin, C.Y.Tsai, J.Y.Uan. Converting hcp Mg-Al-Zn alloy into bcc Mg-Li-Al-Zn alloy by electrolytic deposition and diffusion of reduced litheium atoms in a molten salt electrolyte LICL-KCL. Scripta Materialia. 2007, (56): 597-600
43 B.S.You, W.W. Park, I.S.Chung. The effect of calcium additions on the oxidation behavior in magesium. Alloys Scripta Materialia. 2000, 42: 1089-1094
44 X.Q.Zeng, Q.D.Wang, Y.Z.Liu, et al. Kinetic Study on the surface oxida-tion of the molten Mg-9Al-0.5Zn-0.3Be alloy. Journal Of Materials Sci.. 2001, 36: 2499-2504
45宁兴龙.最轻的金属结构材料--镁锂合金.稀有金属快报. 2002, (10): 17-19
46李劲风,郑子樵,李世晨.热处理对Mg-10.02Li-3.86Zn-2.54Al-1.76Cu合金力学性能的影响.稀有金属材料与工程. 2005, (11): 1771-1773
47 T.Liu, S.D.Wu, et al. Microstructure evolution of Mg-14%Li-1%Al alloy during the process of equal channel angular pressing. Materials Science And Engineering[A]. 2007, 460: 499-503
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