闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量分析
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摘要
闽江河口湿地是我国较大的河口湿地分布区之一,具有良好的代表性。鳝鱼滩湿地是闽江入海河口区域最大的湿地,人为干涉较少。本研究采用静态箱-气相色谱法,野外抽取气体样品,并定位观测了芦苇湿地涨潮前、涨落潮中和落潮后三个时段温度、pH值、Eh值、盐度、潮汐、植株等相关因子,室内精确测定、分析了长达两年的甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量变化规律。最终研究结果表明：
(1)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年和2009年的甲烷总排放通量分别为43.405·m-2·yr-1和40.761 g·m-2·yr-1,两年的二氧化碳总排放通量分别为4728.112 g·m-2·yr-1和4348.233 g·m-2·yr-1;
(2)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年涨潮前、涨落潮中、落潮后甲烷年平均排放通量分别为6.929 mg·m-2·h-1、2.163 mg·m-2·h-1和5.209 mg·m-2·h-1; 2009年三个时段甲烷年平均排放通量分别为7.126 mg·m-2·h-1、2.006 mg·m-2·h-1和4.222mg·m-2·h-1;
(3)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年涨潮前、涨落潮中、落潮后二氧化碳年平均排放通量分别为544.901 mg·m-2·h-1、437.124 mg·m-2·h-1和609.023mg·m-2·h-1;2009年三个时段二氧化碳年平均排放通量分别为626.663mg·m-2·h-1、254.525mg·m-2·h-1和555.751 mg·m-2·h-1;
(4)闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷排放通量与二氧化碳排放通量为极显著正相关关系；
(5)闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量均呈现夏、秋季高于冬、春季节的特征；
(6)温度是影响闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量年变化规律的最重要环境因子,研究区域高水位的潮汐也导致了涨落潮时段和非涨落潮时段甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量的差异。
The Minjiang river estuary marsh is one of the most representative esturay marsh in southeast of China. This article mainly studied CH4 and CO2 emissions of Phragmites australis marsh in the Shanyutan wetland. The CH4 and CO2 emissions and environment influencing factors were be monitored by using the closed black chamber-gas chromatograph techques. The relationship between environmental influencing factors and the CH4 emissions were discussed. The results indicated:
(1).The CH4 emissions were 43.405g·m-2·yr-1, and the CO2 emissions were 4728.112g·m-2·yr-1 in 2008;The CH4 emissions were 40.761g·m-2·yr-1, and the CO2 emissions were 4348.233g·m-2·yr-1 in 2009;
(2).The CH4 emissions of the Phragmites australis marsh were separated into three periods that is before flood tide, in the period of flood and ebb and after ebb.The average emissions were 6.929 mg·m-2·h-1、2.163 mg·m-2·h-1 and 5.209 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2008,which were7.126 mg·m-2·h-1、2.006 mg·m-2·h-1 and 4.222 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2009;
(3).The CO2 emissions of the Phragmites australis marsh were separated into three periods that is before flood tide, in the period of flood and ebb and after ebb.The average emissions were 544.901 mg·m-2·h-1、437.124 mg·m-2·h-1 and 609.023 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2008,and which were 626.663 mg·m-2·h-1 254.525 mg·m-2·h-1 and 555.751 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2009;
(4).The CH4 emissions has significant positive ralationships with the the CO2 emissions in the Phragmites australis marsh;
(5).The CH4 and CO2 emissions in the summer and autum were higher than in the winter and spring;
(6).The temperature is the most significant factor of which effect the CH4 and CO2 overall tendency, but the height of tide cannot be ignored.
(1)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年和2009年的甲烷总排放通量分别为43.405·m-2·yr-1和40.761 g·m-2·yr-1,两年的二氧化碳总排放通量分别为4728.112 g·m-2·yr-1和4348.233 g·m-2·yr-1;
(2)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年涨潮前、涨落潮中、落潮后甲烷年平均排放通量分别为6.929 mg·m-2·h-1、2.163 mg·m-2·h-1和5.209 mg·m-2·h-1; 2009年三个时段甲烷年平均排放通量分别为7.126 mg·m-2·h-1、2.006 mg·m-2·h-1和4.222mg·m-2·h-1;
(3)闽江河口芦苇湿地2008年涨潮前、涨落潮中、落潮后二氧化碳年平均排放通量分别为544.901 mg·m-2·h-1、437.124 mg·m-2·h-1和609.023mg·m-2·h-1;2009年三个时段二氧化碳年平均排放通量分别为626.663mg·m-2·h-1、254.525mg·m-2·h-1和555.751 mg·m-2·h-1;
(4)闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷排放通量与二氧化碳排放通量为极显著正相关关系；
(5)闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量均呈现夏、秋季高于冬、春季节的特征；
(6)温度是影响闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量年变化规律的最重要环境因子,研究区域高水位的潮汐也导致了涨落潮时段和非涨落潮时段甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量的差异。
The Minjiang river estuary marsh is one of the most representative esturay marsh in southeast of China. This article mainly studied CH4 and CO2 emissions of Phragmites australis marsh in the Shanyutan wetland. The CH4 and CO2 emissions and environment influencing factors were be monitored by using the closed black chamber-gas chromatograph techques. The relationship between environmental influencing factors and the CH4 emissions were discussed. The results indicated:
(1).The CH4 emissions were 43.405g·m-2·yr-1, and the CO2 emissions were 4728.112g·m-2·yr-1 in 2008;The CH4 emissions were 40.761g·m-2·yr-1, and the CO2 emissions were 4348.233g·m-2·yr-1 in 2009;
(2).The CH4 emissions of the Phragmites australis marsh were separated into three periods that is before flood tide, in the period of flood and ebb and after ebb.The average emissions were 6.929 mg·m-2·h-1、2.163 mg·m-2·h-1 and 5.209 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2008,which were7.126 mg·m-2·h-1、2.006 mg·m-2·h-1 and 4.222 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2009;
(3).The CO2 emissions of the Phragmites australis marsh were separated into three periods that is before flood tide, in the period of flood and ebb and after ebb.The average emissions were 544.901 mg·m-2·h-1、437.124 mg·m-2·h-1 and 609.023 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2008,and which were 626.663 mg·m-2·h-1 254.525 mg·m-2·h-1 and 555.751 mg·m-2·h-1 in 2009;
(4).The CH4 emissions has significant positive ralationships with the the CO2 emissions in the Phragmites australis marsh;
(5).The CH4 and CO2 emissions in the summer and autum were higher than in the winter and spring;
(6).The temperature is the most significant factor of which effect the CH4 and CO2 overall tendency, but the height of tide cannot be ignored.
引文
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