我国资源型城市棕地问题发生机理及激活策略研究
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摘要
资源型城市是世界范围内普遍存在的一种城市类型，资源型产业为主导的产业结构决定了资源型城市工业用地比例普遍高于全国平均水平。资源可采储量的减少，使资源型城市面临着“资源枯竭”，“产业衰退”，“环境恶化”，“社会动荡”的四重危机。大量污染、闲置、废弃、惨淡经营的土地在城市化地区蔓延开来，资源型城市失去了往日的生机与活力。此时，准确把握棕地问题的发生机理，有针对性的制订一套完善的棕地激活策略与方案进而重构城市土地利用方式，是我国实现资源型城市转型的前提条件。然而，在我国现阶段对棕地的界定还没有形成统一认识，少数研究仅停留在文献综述及学科前沿领域简介的阶段。本文在借鉴西方棕地问题研究经验的基础上，结合我国资源型城市的实际情况明确的定义了“棕地”的概念，并根据“棕地”属性、特征、再开发潜力的差异进行分类。在深入研究资源型城市发展规律、生命周期、经济结构、社会结构、生态环境的基础上探索我国资源型城市棕地问题的发生机理。选取我国最大的石油生产基地大庆油田所在地——大庆市为具体研究对象，明确大庆市资源型产业的发展趋势和城市土地利用的现状，进而分别从环境、经济、文化、社会四个方面提出城市棕地激活、城市更新的政策及措施。意在填补我国资源型城市棕地问题研究的空白，为资源型城市转型开拓思路，提供依据。
Resource-based city is ubiquitous world-widely. Generally, the proportion of industrialland in those cities is higher than that of average. The situation is resulted by industrialstructure which taken resource-based industry as leader and pillar industry. Workable reservesor recoverable reserves decline spawn subsequent crisis in resource-based cities, such as‘resource depletion’,‘industries decline’,‘environment deterioration’,‘social convulsion’.Great amount of contaminated field and, underused field, derelict field and vacant landscattered all around of the cities, the city lose vitality as it were. At that crucial moment, fullyunderstand the generation mechanism of the phenomenon would be a pressing task for thescholars in concern. It is self-evident that rearrange a whole package of the solution principlesand methods for settled down the question and fulfill Brownfield revitalization would be thebest choice at present, while the fundamental step needs to be taken as a base of undertakeresource-based cities reformation. However, putative definition of‘Brownfield’has not beeninformed in China yet, limited references lingered around document review and briefintroduce western experiences . This paper draw on the lessons from western countries, takenthe actual situation of our country into account, define‘Brownfield’and categorize theconception into several subcategories, according to feature, character, development potential.In the aim of unravel the mechanism the phenomenon as scattered Brownfield inresource-based cities of China. Further, take Daqing city as a case, the largest oil field baselocation of our country, certify land use situation for resource-based industries. Revitalizationmeasures in tackle with Brownfield question as well as city regeneration would be pointed outin the perspective of environment, economy, culture, social, four aspects respectively. Intentto fill the blank of the Brownfield research of resource-based city in contemporary China,meanwhile, provides new thought in due question, resource-based cites transition, in the longrun.
Resource-based city is ubiquitous world-widely. Generally, the proportion of industrialland in those cities is higher than that of average. The situation is resulted by industrialstructure which taken resource-based industry as leader and pillar industry. Workable reservesor recoverable reserves decline spawn subsequent crisis in resource-based cities, such as‘resource depletion’,‘industries decline’,‘environment deterioration’,‘social convulsion’.Great amount of contaminated field and, underused field, derelict field and vacant landscattered all around of the cities, the city lose vitality as it were. At that crucial moment, fullyunderstand the generation mechanism of the phenomenon would be a pressing task for thescholars in concern. It is self-evident that rearrange a whole package of the solution principlesand methods for settled down the question and fulfill Brownfield revitalization would be thebest choice at present, while the fundamental step needs to be taken as a base of undertakeresource-based cities reformation. However, putative definition of‘Brownfield’has not beeninformed in China yet, limited references lingered around document review and briefintroduce western experiences . This paper draw on the lessons from western countries, takenthe actual situation of our country into account, define‘Brownfield’and categorize theconception into several subcategories, according to feature, character, development potential.In the aim of unravel the mechanism the phenomenon as scattered Brownfield inresource-based cities of China. Further, take Daqing city as a case, the largest oil field baselocation of our country, certify land use situation for resource-based industries. Revitalizationmeasures in tackle with Brownfield question as well as city regeneration would be pointed outin the perspective of environment, economy, culture, social, four aspects respectively. Intentto fill the blank of the Brownfield research of resource-based city in contemporary China,meanwhile, provides new thought in due question, resource-based cites transition, in the longrun.
引文
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[6]陈成.西方国家棕地重建策略及其对我国的启示[J].国土资源情报,2008,(6)CHEN Cheng. Lessons from Brownfield Revitalization Strategy in Western Country to China.Land and Resource Informaiton. 2008,(6) PP 16-20
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