基于LonWorks技术的分布式控制系统研究
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摘要
伴随着微电子技术，计算机网络通讯技术的发展，自动化控制仪表由单一测控表、DCS集散控制系统向分布型现场总线技术发展。现场总线技术是当前自动化领域的应用热点之一。在现场总线技术的应用中，通信的可靠性、可扩展性、速率都很重要。而LonWorks现场总线以其协议的完整性、网络拓朴结构的多样性以及强大的网络通信能力，成为现场总线技术中的佼佼者。因此，采用LonWorks现场总线技术开发软，硬件产品并应用于实际的控制工程中，符合自动化控制的发展方向。
本文利用Echelon公司的LonWorks技术，自主开发了基于LonWorks现场总线技术的水箱液位控制系统。以水箱液位控制系统为对象探讨了基于LonWorks技术的分布式控制系统的设计方法。在分布式控制系统中，采用上位机监控级与现场控制级两层体系结构。上位机利用LonWorks面向Windows的LNS技术，采用DDE动态数据交换技术和LonWorks专用通信协议LonTalk协议完成与现场控制节点之间的实时通信。同时，利用网络组态软件Intouch、图形化编程软件Onion和网络管理工具Visual Lon完成智能分布式控制系统软件的开发，最终实现对水箱液位的监视、控制、管理和维护。
With the development of microelectronics technology and computer networkcommunication technology, the automation control meter has developed on the basis ofdistributed fieldbus technology rather than single control meter. The fieldbus is now thehotspot of application in automation field. In the application of fieldbus technology, somefeatures, such as reliability, expansibility and transfer speed of communication areimportant. And the LonWorks, based on LonWorks technology, with its completeprotocols, diversity of net topology structure and strong ability in network communication,excels in the fieldbus field. So developing software and hardware product with LonWorksfieldbus technology and applying them into control projects is one of the key researchdirections for automatic control meters.
In this thesis, a liquid-level control system is developed with LonWorks technologyof Echelon Company and the design method of distributed control system is also discussed.In the system, the architecture is divided into two parts: the level of position machinemonitor and control and field control. Firstly, the windows-oriented LNS technology ofLonWorks is used in position machine, and dynamic data exchange technology andLonTalk protocol are used in the real-time communication between position machine andfield intelligent control nodes. Then Network Configuration Software—Intouch, GraphicProgramming Software—Onion and Network Management Tool—Visual Lon are applied inthe development of intelligent distributed control system software. Finally, four functionsare realized to monitor, control, manage and maintain the liquid-level.
本文利用Echelon公司的LonWorks技术，自主开发了基于LonWorks现场总线技术的水箱液位控制系统。以水箱液位控制系统为对象探讨了基于LonWorks技术的分布式控制系统的设计方法。在分布式控制系统中，采用上位机监控级与现场控制级两层体系结构。上位机利用LonWorks面向Windows的LNS技术，采用DDE动态数据交换技术和LonWorks专用通信协议LonTalk协议完成与现场控制节点之间的实时通信。同时，利用网络组态软件Intouch、图形化编程软件Onion和网络管理工具Visual Lon完成智能分布式控制系统软件的开发，最终实现对水箱液位的监视、控制、管理和维护。
With the development of microelectronics technology and computer networkcommunication technology, the automation control meter has developed on the basis ofdistributed fieldbus technology rather than single control meter. The fieldbus is now thehotspot of application in automation field. In the application of fieldbus technology, somefeatures, such as reliability, expansibility and transfer speed of communication areimportant. And the LonWorks, based on LonWorks technology, with its completeprotocols, diversity of net topology structure and strong ability in network communication,excels in the fieldbus field. So developing software and hardware product with LonWorksfieldbus technology and applying them into control projects is one of the key researchdirections for automatic control meters.
In this thesis, a liquid-level control system is developed with LonWorks technologyof Echelon Company and the design method of distributed control system is also discussed.In the system, the architecture is divided into two parts: the level of position machinemonitor and control and field control. Firstly, the windows-oriented LNS technology ofLonWorks is used in position machine, and dynamic data exchange technology andLonTalk protocol are used in the real-time communication between position machine andfield intelligent control nodes. Then Network Configuration Software—Intouch, GraphicProgramming Software—Onion and Network Management Tool—Visual Lon are applied inthe development of intelligent distributed control system software. Finally, four functionsare realized to monitor, control, manage and maintain the liquid-level.
引文
1 李正军编著．现场总线及其应用技术．北京：机械工业出版社，2005．1
2 阳宪惠，徐用懋，魏庆福．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．6
3 邬宽明．现场总线技术应用选编2．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2004．6．1
4 甘永梅，李庆丰，刘晓娟．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2004．2．10
5 H.K. Goh. Fieldbus for Control and Diagnostics. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, ICARC 2002, Singapore, 2002, Nanyang Technological University. 1377-1382
6 Xianchao Wang. The Development, Prospect and Application of Fieldbus. ISTM/2003 5th International Symposium on Test and Measurement, Shenzen, 2003, International Academic Publishers: 4954-4957
7 Nakajima. T. Sstoh. I, Aizu.H, A virtual overlay network for integrating home appliances, Applications and the Internet, 2002: 111-115
8 马莉．智能控制与LON网络开发技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2003：61-96，287-292
9 凌志浩．从神经元芯片到控制网络．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2002：176-178
10 陈星扩．基于LonWorks现场总线技术电力参数远程监控系统的研究与实现．[广东工业大学工学硕士学位论文]．2003：4-7
11 杨士元．数字家庭网络技术及应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2002：30-68，193-202，294-299
12 Echelon Corporation. Introduction to the LonWorks System. Echelon, 1999: 6-64.
13 邬宽明．现场总线技术应用选编1(下)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2004．2．13
14 Gerald Schickhuber. Oliver McCarthy. Distributed fieldbus and control network systems. Computing&Control Engineering Journal, 1997, 8(1): 21-32
15 张金雄．LonWorks在生产监控系统的应用．工业控制计算机，2000，(2)：11-13
16 Zunjun Yu, Hongmei Shi, Li Ai. LonWorks-based Intelligent Train's Fire Alarming Control Network. Autonomous Decentralized System, 2002: 262-266
17 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks FTT-10A Free Topology Transceiver User's Guide. 2001.
18 陈庆伟，陈青林．工业控制网络技术及应用．南京理工大学，2001，4
19 席静．一种基于LonWorks总线的智能小区测控系统的开发和实现．[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]．2005：20-24
20 张静．LonWorks现场总线过程控制与远程监视系统．[中南大学工学硕士学位论文]．2004：15-22
21 杨育红．LON网络控制技术及应用．西安电子科技大学．1999
22 Motorola Inc. LonWorks Technology Device Data. Motorola Incorporation, 1995
23 王俊杰，谢春燕．“LonWorks技术及应用”讲座(8)LonTalk网络通信协议．自动化仪表，2000，21(4)：51-54
24 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks PCLTA-20 User's Guide. Echelon, 1992: 2-20
25 Echelon Corporation. LonMark Layer 1-6 Interoperability Guidelines. Echelon, 1996: 1-8
26 Echelon Corporation. NodeBuilder User's Guide. Echelon, 1997: 3-62
27 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Twisted Pair Control Module User's Guide.Echelon, 1996: 6-20
28 Echelon Corporation. LonMark SNVT and SCPT Guide. Echelon, 2000: 5-137
29 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Engineering Bulletin. Echelon, 1992: 2-16
30 荣治国，林述民．一种基于LonWorks的通用监视平台．微机算机应用，2002，6：90-92
31 黄天成，汤滢，陈键．DDE技术在LON总线中的应用．电子技术．2001，10，24-25
32 潘军．LonWorks网络型单片机及其网络元件．微计算机信息．1996，5，54-55
33 王兆亿．现场总线技术展望．电气自动化，2000．1：14-16
34 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Technology Reference. Echelon, 1998
35 Echelon Corporation. Neuron C Programmer's Guilde. Echelon, 1990: 9-28
36 Echelon Corporation. Neuron C Reference Guilde. Echelon, 1990: 3-20
37 D.Kolokotsa, G.S.Stavarakakis, K.Kalaitzakis. Genetic Algorithms Optimized Fuzzy Controller for the Indoor Environmental Management in Buildings Implemented using PLC and Local Operating Networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2002, 15: 417-428
38 蔡英华，毕鸣洲，郭庆胜．基于LonWorks技术的自动抄表系统．仪器仪表用户，2003，10(3)：20-21
39 程启文，陈建铎，宋彩利．LON网络中上位机与智能节点通信方式的研究与实现．微电子学与计算机．2005，22(7)：168-170
40 邹锐锋，郭志波，林锦国．基于i.LON 1000构建Internet远程控制网络．电子工程师．2004，4：70-72
41 郑德忠，汤同奎，戴自祥等．基于LonWorks现场总线的PID控制节点的开发．微计算机信息．1999，15(5)：15-17
42 T.H. Lanier. Open Control Networks: LonWorks/EIA 709 Technology. Circuits and Devices Magazine, 2004: 36-40
43 李丹美．基于LonWorks的采油自动化监控系统．工业仪表与自动化装置．2002，2
44 Echelon Corporation. LonMaker for windows User's Guide. Echelon, 2001: 70-76
45 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Networks Service Architecture Overview. Echelon, 2001: 10-15
46 Echelon Corporation. LNS DDE Server User's Guide. Echelon, 2001: 23-29
47 杨荣令，朱劲，蒋平等．基于现场总线技术的组态控制综述．计算机工程，2003，29(2)：255-256
48 侯叶，黄道君．一种基于LonWorks网络实现监控的方式．仪表技术与传感器．2002，8
49 李正军，蒋攀峰．LonWorks在PMM2000电力监测网络仪表中的应用．电气自动化．2002，3
50 谢凌广．LonWorks技术在楼宇自动化领域的应用．微计算机信息．2001，10
51 范铠，现场总线技术的发展趋势．上海工业自动化仪表研究所，2006．8．23
2 阳宪惠，徐用懋，魏庆福．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，1999．6
3 邬宽明．现场总线技术应用选编2．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2004．6．1
4 甘永梅，李庆丰，刘晓娟．现场总线技术及其应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2004．2．10
5 H.K. Goh. Fieldbus for Control and Diagnostics. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, ICARC 2002, Singapore, 2002, Nanyang Technological University. 1377-1382
6 Xianchao Wang. The Development, Prospect and Application of Fieldbus. ISTM/2003 5th International Symposium on Test and Measurement, Shenzen, 2003, International Academic Publishers: 4954-4957
7 Nakajima. T. Sstoh. I, Aizu.H, A virtual overlay network for integrating home appliances, Applications and the Internet, 2002: 111-115
8 马莉．智能控制与LON网络开发技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2003：61-96，287-292
9 凌志浩．从神经元芯片到控制网络．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2002：176-178
10 陈星扩．基于LonWorks现场总线技术电力参数远程监控系统的研究与实现．[广东工业大学工学硕士学位论文]．2003：4-7
11 杨士元．数字家庭网络技术及应用．北京：电子工业出版社，2002：30-68，193-202，294-299
12 Echelon Corporation. Introduction to the LonWorks System. Echelon, 1999: 6-64.
13 邬宽明．现场总线技术应用选编1(下)．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2004．2．13
14 Gerald Schickhuber. Oliver McCarthy. Distributed fieldbus and control network systems. Computing&Control Engineering Journal, 1997, 8(1): 21-32
15 张金雄．LonWorks在生产监控系统的应用．工业控制计算机，2000，(2)：11-13
16 Zunjun Yu, Hongmei Shi, Li Ai. LonWorks-based Intelligent Train's Fire Alarming Control Network. Autonomous Decentralized System, 2002: 262-266
17 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks FTT-10A Free Topology Transceiver User's Guide. 2001.
18 陈庆伟，陈青林．工业控制网络技术及应用．南京理工大学，2001，4
19 席静．一种基于LonWorks总线的智能小区测控系统的开发和实现．[燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]．2005：20-24
20 张静．LonWorks现场总线过程控制与远程监视系统．[中南大学工学硕士学位论文]．2004：15-22
21 杨育红．LON网络控制技术及应用．西安电子科技大学．1999
22 Motorola Inc. LonWorks Technology Device Data. Motorola Incorporation, 1995
23 王俊杰，谢春燕．“LonWorks技术及应用”讲座(8)LonTalk网络通信协议．自动化仪表，2000，21(4)：51-54
24 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks PCLTA-20 User's Guide. Echelon, 1992: 2-20
25 Echelon Corporation. LonMark Layer 1-6 Interoperability Guidelines. Echelon, 1996: 1-8
26 Echelon Corporation. NodeBuilder User's Guide. Echelon, 1997: 3-62
27 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Twisted Pair Control Module User's Guide.Echelon, 1996: 6-20
28 Echelon Corporation. LonMark SNVT and SCPT Guide. Echelon, 2000: 5-137
29 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Engineering Bulletin. Echelon, 1992: 2-16
30 荣治国，林述民．一种基于LonWorks的通用监视平台．微机算机应用，2002，6：90-92
31 黄天成，汤滢，陈键．DDE技术在LON总线中的应用．电子技术．2001，10，24-25
32 潘军．LonWorks网络型单片机及其网络元件．微计算机信息．1996，5，54-55
33 王兆亿．现场总线技术展望．电气自动化，2000．1：14-16
34 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Technology Reference. Echelon, 1998
35 Echelon Corporation. Neuron C Programmer's Guilde. Echelon, 1990: 9-28
36 Echelon Corporation. Neuron C Reference Guilde. Echelon, 1990: 3-20
37 D.Kolokotsa, G.S.Stavarakakis, K.Kalaitzakis. Genetic Algorithms Optimized Fuzzy Controller for the Indoor Environmental Management in Buildings Implemented using PLC and Local Operating Networks. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2002, 15: 417-428
38 蔡英华，毕鸣洲，郭庆胜．基于LonWorks技术的自动抄表系统．仪器仪表用户，2003，10(3)：20-21
39 程启文，陈建铎，宋彩利．LON网络中上位机与智能节点通信方式的研究与实现．微电子学与计算机．2005，22(7)：168-170
40 邹锐锋，郭志波，林锦国．基于i.LON 1000构建Internet远程控制网络．电子工程师．2004，4：70-72
41 郑德忠，汤同奎，戴自祥等．基于LonWorks现场总线的PID控制节点的开发．微计算机信息．1999，15(5)：15-17
42 T.H. Lanier. Open Control Networks: LonWorks/EIA 709 Technology. Circuits and Devices Magazine, 2004: 36-40
43 李丹美．基于LonWorks的采油自动化监控系统．工业仪表与自动化装置．2002，2
44 Echelon Corporation. LonMaker for windows User's Guide. Echelon, 2001: 70-76
45 Echelon Corporation. LonWorks Networks Service Architecture Overview. Echelon, 2001: 10-15
46 Echelon Corporation. LNS DDE Server User's Guide. Echelon, 2001: 23-29
47 杨荣令，朱劲，蒋平等．基于现场总线技术的组态控制综述．计算机工程，2003，29(2)：255-256
48 侯叶，黄道君．一种基于LonWorks网络实现监控的方式．仪表技术与传感器．2002，8
49 李正军，蒋攀峰．LonWorks在PMM2000电力监测网络仪表中的应用．电气自动化．2002，3
50 谢凌广．LonWorks技术在楼宇自动化领域的应用．微计算机信息．2001，10
51 范铠，现场总线技术的发展趋势．上海工业自动化仪表研究所，2006．8．23