农田信息管理系统的设计与开发研究
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摘要
在农业生产中,农业投入品在多个生产阶段都有使用,食品经济发展中,农业投入品的安全使用是保证食品安全的前提,广大消费者希望对食品生产有更多的了解,而农业生产正处在“从农田到餐桌”这条产业链的源头位置,从而成为溯源管理的重要一环,所以农业信息的管理已经变得越来越迫切。
在兼顾信息可用性和溯源管理两个原则的基础上,以农业信息技术为工具,应用实体-关系分析方法建立了农田生产管理信息系统的数据库模型,该模型中有企业、农田、人员、作物、作物品种、农业投入品等实体,也有土地承包合同、整地、播种等关系。在数据库建模工具Microsoft Visio下,绘出了数据库实体关系图,并依据数据库转换原则,将实体关系图转换为SQL Server中的表。
通过编程,建立了数据库接口类ClsDatabases,通过ADO.NET技术对SQL Server中的表进行管理。在需要时打开数据库读取数据,编辑后再写回数据库。
程序界面采用Visual Studio.NET 2005与第三方控件ESRI MapObjects、DevExpress共同编写,实现了资源管理器式界面的地理信息系统,建立了菜单系统、工具栏、窗体、状态栏等常见界面要素,符合国际流行的习惯标准,既适用,又美观大方。系统经初步试用,能满足农田信息管理的实际需要,以此得出以下结论。
(1)本研究通过对国有农场种植业生产的调查,采用种植业数据建模、实体-关系(Entity-Relationship)等方法分析了整个农田信息的内容及相互关系,并结合地块的空间数据,设计与开发出农田信息管理系统,以解决生产管理、科学决策、质量追溯等相关问题;
(2)该农田信息管理系统通过在赵光农场、八五〇农场测试后证明,能够满足农田生产信息管理的需要,为指导生产管理、科学决策和质量追溯提供可靠的信息支撑;
(3)该农田信息管理系统的建立,大幅度地降低了农业生产管理成本,提高了农业生产管理效率和科学决策水平,从而进一步提高了农业生产效率,促进了现代农业的可持续发展;
(4)该农田信息管理系统的建立,实现了农产品生产全过程的信息集成、动态监控和质量追溯,保证了农产品质量安全和消费者健康,从而提高了农产品的市场竞争力,促进了农业增产、农户增收、农场增效。
In agricultural production, the agricultural investment has the use in many production bases, in food economic development, the agricultural investment's safety handling is guaranteed that food security premise, the general consumers hope more understandings to food production, but the agricultural production is occupying“from farmland to dinner table”this industrial chain's source position, thus becomes the tracing management important link, therefore , agricultural information's management already became more and more urgent.
In proper attention to both information usability and the tracing manage two principles in the foundations, take the agricultural information technology as the tool, the application entity - relationship analysis method has established agricultural production management information system's database model, in this model had entities and so on enterprise, farmland, personnel, crops, crop assortment, agricultural investment, also had relations and so on and contracting contract, preparation of soil, sowing seeds. Under database modelling tool Microsoft Visio, drew the database entity relational graph, and based on the database transformation principle, the entity relational graph transformation was in the SQL Server table.
Through the programming, has established database interface class ClsDatabases, carries on management through the ADO.NET technology to the SQL Server table. When need opens database read data, after the edition, writes the database again.
The procedure contact surface used Visual Studio.NET 2005 to control ESRI MapObjects, DevExpress with the third party to compile together, has realized the resources supervisor type contact surface geographic information system, has established the menu system, the toolbar, the window, the condition fence and so on ,common contact surface essential factor, conformed to the international popular custom standard, both were suitable, and elegant appearance.
The system can satisfy farmland information management actual need through preliminary test, then we can draw these conclusions.
(1) The study has designed and developed farmland information management system in order to solve those questions of production management, scientific decision-making, quality tracing and so on, through investigating on state farm crop production, analyzing content and correlation of the whole farmland information by means of crop production data modeling and Entity-Relationship analysis method, and combining plot space data.
(2) After preliminary test in the Zhaoguang Farm and Bawuling Farm, the farmland information management system has been proved that it can satisfy demand of farmland information management and offer reliable information support for production management, scientific decision-making, quality tracing .
(3) The foundation of the farmland information management system can reduce the cost of agricultural production management, heighten agricultural production management efficiency and scientific decision-making level, improve agriculture productivity accordingly, and boost continuance development of the modern agriculture.
(4) The foundation of the farmland information management system can realize information integrating, dynamic supervising and quality tracing of the whole process of farm produce production, ensure farm produce safety and customers’health, improve the ability of farm produce market competition, and accelerate agriculture increase production, farmer increase income, farm increase benefit.
在兼顾信息可用性和溯源管理两个原则的基础上,以农业信息技术为工具,应用实体-关系分析方法建立了农田生产管理信息系统的数据库模型,该模型中有企业、农田、人员、作物、作物品种、农业投入品等实体,也有土地承包合同、整地、播种等关系。在数据库建模工具Microsoft Visio下,绘出了数据库实体关系图,并依据数据库转换原则,将实体关系图转换为SQL Server中的表。
通过编程,建立了数据库接口类ClsDatabases,通过ADO.NET技术对SQL Server中的表进行管理。在需要时打开数据库读取数据,编辑后再写回数据库。
程序界面采用Visual Studio.NET 2005与第三方控件ESRI MapObjects、DevExpress共同编写,实现了资源管理器式界面的地理信息系统,建立了菜单系统、工具栏、窗体、状态栏等常见界面要素,符合国际流行的习惯标准,既适用,又美观大方。系统经初步试用,能满足农田信息管理的实际需要,以此得出以下结论。
(1)本研究通过对国有农场种植业生产的调查,采用种植业数据建模、实体-关系(Entity-Relationship)等方法分析了整个农田信息的内容及相互关系,并结合地块的空间数据,设计与开发出农田信息管理系统,以解决生产管理、科学决策、质量追溯等相关问题;
(2)该农田信息管理系统通过在赵光农场、八五〇农场测试后证明,能够满足农田生产信息管理的需要,为指导生产管理、科学决策和质量追溯提供可靠的信息支撑;
(3)该农田信息管理系统的建立,大幅度地降低了农业生产管理成本,提高了农业生产管理效率和科学决策水平,从而进一步提高了农业生产效率,促进了现代农业的可持续发展;
(4)该农田信息管理系统的建立,实现了农产品生产全过程的信息集成、动态监控和质量追溯,保证了农产品质量安全和消费者健康,从而提高了农产品的市场竞争力,促进了农业增产、农户增收、农场增效。
In agricultural production, the agricultural investment has the use in many production bases, in food economic development, the agricultural investment's safety handling is guaranteed that food security premise, the general consumers hope more understandings to food production, but the agricultural production is occupying“from farmland to dinner table”this industrial chain's source position, thus becomes the tracing management important link, therefore , agricultural information's management already became more and more urgent.
In proper attention to both information usability and the tracing manage two principles in the foundations, take the agricultural information technology as the tool, the application entity - relationship analysis method has established agricultural production management information system's database model, in this model had entities and so on enterprise, farmland, personnel, crops, crop assortment, agricultural investment, also had relations and so on and contracting contract, preparation of soil, sowing seeds. Under database modelling tool Microsoft Visio, drew the database entity relational graph, and based on the database transformation principle, the entity relational graph transformation was in the SQL Server table.
Through the programming, has established database interface class ClsDatabases, carries on management through the ADO.NET technology to the SQL Server table. When need opens database read data, after the edition, writes the database again.
The procedure contact surface used Visual Studio.NET 2005 to control ESRI MapObjects, DevExpress with the third party to compile together, has realized the resources supervisor type contact surface geographic information system, has established the menu system, the toolbar, the window, the condition fence and so on ,common contact surface essential factor, conformed to the international popular custom standard, both were suitable, and elegant appearance.
The system can satisfy farmland information management actual need through preliminary test, then we can draw these conclusions.
(1) The study has designed and developed farmland information management system in order to solve those questions of production management, scientific decision-making, quality tracing and so on, through investigating on state farm crop production, analyzing content and correlation of the whole farmland information by means of crop production data modeling and Entity-Relationship analysis method, and combining plot space data.
(2) After preliminary test in the Zhaoguang Farm and Bawuling Farm, the farmland information management system has been proved that it can satisfy demand of farmland information management and offer reliable information support for production management, scientific decision-making, quality tracing .
(3) The foundation of the farmland information management system can reduce the cost of agricultural production management, heighten agricultural production management efficiency and scientific decision-making level, improve agriculture productivity accordingly, and boost continuance development of the modern agriculture.
(4) The foundation of the farmland information management system can realize information integrating, dynamic supervising and quality tracing of the whole process of farm produce production, ensure farm produce safety and customers’health, improve the ability of farm produce market competition, and accelerate agriculture increase production, farmer increase income, farm increase benefit.
引文
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[2] Wikimedia Foundation Inc. Database management system[EB/OL]. http://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Database_management_system, 2006
[3]高景昌,苏华,曹鹏.对我国农业数据库建设的思考与建议[J].农业图书情报学刊, 1996,(4):123-125
[4]智建飞,李文明.如何发展农业数据库产业[J].农业图书情报学刊, 2000,(2):19-21
[5]徐晓津,王军.从国内外农业数据库的发展状况看学科专业数据库的建立[J].农业图书情报学刊, 2001,(3):31-33
[6]刘继芬,聂凤英,王平,等.世界主要国家农业数据库及其网络系统应用现状[J].农业网络信息, 2004,(3): 28-30
[7]唐研,黎香兰,曾燕,等.农业数据库的建设与需求的思考[J].农业网络信息, 2006,(3): 71-73
[8]景元书,陈荣.农业气象数据库系统的初步研制[J].新疆气象, 1999,22(5):30-31
[9]高振良,周圣军,吴泽新,等.德州市农业气象数据库及其管理系统[J].山东气象, 1999,(1):42-44
[10]张旭辉,孙涵,节亚春等.农业气象数据库系统的改进及应用[J].中国农业气象, 2003,24(1):41-43
[11]刘益兰,王瑾,帅士章,等.气象业务服务分布式数据库管理系统[J].贵州气象, 2002,26(1):23-26
[12]姜小三.江苏省土壤数据库与信息系统的构建研究.南京农业大学硕士学位论文,2003
[13]中国科学院南京土壤研究所.中国土壤数据库[EB/OL]. http://www.soil.csdb.cn, 2005
[14] UNEP, ISRIC, IIASA, European Soil Bureau, National Soil Institutes. Global Soil and Terrain Database (WORLD-SOTER)[EB/OL]. http://www.fao.org/ag/AGL/agll/soter.htm
[15]陈伟英,王晓娟,窦有恒,等.甘肃省农作物种质资源数据库及查询系统的建立[J].甘肃农业科技, 2003,(4):22-25
[16]严洪冬,张月学,唐凤兰,等.黑龙江省农作物种质资源数据库的建立[J].黑龙江农业科学,2005,(1):1-3
[17]鄂志国,王磊.基于ASP.NET的水稻品种数据库管理信息系统[J].计算机应用, 2004,24(1):140-142
[18]赵清华,张峻峰.农业植物保护网络数据库的开发及应用[J].北京农业科学, 2001,(6):36-39
[19]姚志伟.农作物害虫数据库的研制[J].农业网络信息, 2005,(7):35:36
[20]晏瑾,肖浪涛.农业生物信息数据库发展现状及应用[J].生物技术通报,2006,(2):33-36
[21]李伟方,刘海启.农业资源数据库建设的基本思路[J].中国农业资源与区划, 2003,24,(1):4-7
[22]陆忠军.黑龙江省农业资源信息数据库的建设[J].现代化农业,2005,(3):29-30
[23]陈兆柱,张志军,丁志敏.浅谈种植业数据库的建设[J].中国水果蔬菜,2004,(2):10
[24]刘波,宋嗣迪,陈燕红.农作物智能数据库设计系统的研究[J].计算机工程与应用, 2000,(6):115-116,143
[25]忻渊,黄立平,詹锦川,等.标准数据库在农产品安全监控中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2006, 34(9):2025-2026
[26]戚国强.我国现阶段农业信息技术的发展方向及方案设计的研究[J].东北农业大学学报, 2000,31(1):95-101
[27] P. Krishna Reddy and R. Ankaiah. A framework of information technology-based agriculture information dissemination system to improve crop productivity[J]. CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 88, NO. 12, 25 JUNE 2005
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