结合自然山水的宝鸡市城市绿化空间系统规划结构初探
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摘要
城市周边自然山水是一个城市独有的宝贵资源,是维护城市自然生态的保证,同时也是城市总体空间艺术的架构基础和城市绿化空间系统的物质基础,对于一个城市来说,结合其周边独有的自然山水并充分利用其特有神韵,作为城市总体空间艺术架构的基础并进行城市绿化空间系统的规划,同时与城市美化,城市特色重塑相结合,给市民提供良好的休闲游憩空间是未来城市发展的主要方向。
本课题研究的就是如何结合宝鸡市城市周边独有的自然山水条件来确定宝鸡市城市绿化空间系统的规划结构。提出城市绿化空间系统规划应和城市周边自然山水相结合,力求顺应自然、尽量体现其自然肌理,保持其自然的山川形胜,维护和强化城市整体山水格局的连续性,通过城市绿化空间系统的规划布局结构来强化城市独具魅力的空间特征。论文主要分为三个层面来进行研究：首先认为城市绿化空间系统规划的界域要能够形成一个比较完整的自然生态保护系统,不应局限于传统的区域行政界域,而要在更大区域范围或生态影响范围来确定规划界域的方法,来确定城市绿化空间系统的规划界域,并依照整个区域生态影响范围的实际状况、城镇空间分布、自然山水地貌等特征来进行合理的界定,从而形成城市绿化空间系统形态布局的基础；其次,要从宏观上对城市绿化空间系统进行规划,统筹安排城乡的绿化空间系统的规划布局结构,这就要求把城市绿化空间系统从传统的城市园林绿地扩展到更大范围的区域性自然生态系统的规划和建设,来推进区域城乡一体化的绿化空间系统规划建设,构筑城市的大环境绿地圈,突出城市绿化空间系统功能结构的整体性,最后,通过充分发挥城市绿化空间系统规划来拓展市民休闲游憩空间,并利用城市独有的自然山水景象来塑造城市特色,来避免千城一面,体现出城市的地域风貌及市民对城市的归属感。
In peri-urban natural landscape city urban ecological conditions, a guarantee, but also the overall urban structure of space-based art and urban green space system, the material foundation for the city, take full advantage of the natural landscape of the charm and overall space of art to urban green space system construction, landscaping city, reshape city's character, give the public a good leisure space is the focus of future urban development.
This research project is a unique combination of natural landscape conditions, Baoji is divided into three levels to study the urban green space system in Baoji City Planning structure:that the boundaries of urban greening system planning domain should break through the traditional district administration to determine the planning sector bounded domain domain methods, should be able to form a complete protection system for the principles of ecological security, according to the actual situation of regional ecological field, the spatial distribution of urban and natural landscape landscape spatial characteristics of reasonable definition, the formation of urban spatial structure, form the basis for the layout; from macro-on urban green space system planning, urban and rural land and green space system and co-ordinated arrangements for prominent urban greening the integrity of the structure function of the system, from a single city gardens extended to the regional eco-system, green building, promoting regional urban-rural integration green-oriented system, to build a large urban environment, green circle, give full play to urban green space system planning to expand the public open space; make the city green space system planning and urban integration of natural landscapes, and strive to adapt to nature, which reflects its natural texture, maintaining its natural Sheng-shaped mountains and rivers, maintaining and strengthening the continuity of the overall landscape pattern, through the layout of green space to reinforce the city charming room features, the use of City's unique natural landscape scenes to shape the city's character, reflecting the city's geographic character and sense of belonging, to avoid the city all the same.
本课题研究的就是如何结合宝鸡市城市周边独有的自然山水条件来确定宝鸡市城市绿化空间系统的规划结构。提出城市绿化空间系统规划应和城市周边自然山水相结合,力求顺应自然、尽量体现其自然肌理,保持其自然的山川形胜,维护和强化城市整体山水格局的连续性,通过城市绿化空间系统的规划布局结构来强化城市独具魅力的空间特征。论文主要分为三个层面来进行研究：首先认为城市绿化空间系统规划的界域要能够形成一个比较完整的自然生态保护系统,不应局限于传统的区域行政界域,而要在更大区域范围或生态影响范围来确定规划界域的方法,来确定城市绿化空间系统的规划界域,并依照整个区域生态影响范围的实际状况、城镇空间分布、自然山水地貌等特征来进行合理的界定,从而形成城市绿化空间系统形态布局的基础；其次,要从宏观上对城市绿化空间系统进行规划,统筹安排城乡的绿化空间系统的规划布局结构,这就要求把城市绿化空间系统从传统的城市园林绿地扩展到更大范围的区域性自然生态系统的规划和建设,来推进区域城乡一体化的绿化空间系统规划建设,构筑城市的大环境绿地圈,突出城市绿化空间系统功能结构的整体性,最后,通过充分发挥城市绿化空间系统规划来拓展市民休闲游憩空间,并利用城市独有的自然山水景象来塑造城市特色,来避免千城一面,体现出城市的地域风貌及市民对城市的归属感。
In peri-urban natural landscape city urban ecological conditions, a guarantee, but also the overall urban structure of space-based art and urban green space system, the material foundation for the city, take full advantage of the natural landscape of the charm and overall space of art to urban green space system construction, landscaping city, reshape city's character, give the public a good leisure space is the focus of future urban development.
This research project is a unique combination of natural landscape conditions, Baoji is divided into three levels to study the urban green space system in Baoji City Planning structure:that the boundaries of urban greening system planning domain should break through the traditional district administration to determine the planning sector bounded domain domain methods, should be able to form a complete protection system for the principles of ecological security, according to the actual situation of regional ecological field, the spatial distribution of urban and natural landscape landscape spatial characteristics of reasonable definition, the formation of urban spatial structure, form the basis for the layout; from macro-on urban green space system planning, urban and rural land and green space system and co-ordinated arrangements for prominent urban greening the integrity of the structure function of the system, from a single city gardens extended to the regional eco-system, green building, promoting regional urban-rural integration green-oriented system, to build a large urban environment, green circle, give full play to urban green space system planning to expand the public open space; make the city green space system planning and urban integration of natural landscapes, and strive to adapt to nature, which reflects its natural texture, maintaining its natural Sheng-shaped mountains and rivers, maintaining and strengthening the continuity of the overall landscape pattern, through the layout of green space to reinforce the city charming room features, the use of City's unique natural landscape scenes to shape the city's character, reflecting the city's geographic character and sense of belonging, to avoid the city all the same.
引文
[01]王保忠、何平、王彩霞、沈守云、王保明.城市绿地系统规划研究进展[J].世界林业研究.2004,8.
[02]刘滨谊.中国城市绿地系统规划评价指标体系的研究[J].城市规划汇刊.2002,2.
[03]吴人韦.国外城市绿地系统发展历程.[J].城市规划.1998,6.
[04]Bonnes,M.UrbanEcologyAppliedtothe City of Rome.Rome:Istitutode Psicolo gia,Consi glio Nazionaledelle Ricerche,1987.
[05]LittleCE.GreenwaysforAmerica.JohnsHopkinsUniversityPress,Baltimore,MD,1990.
[06]Calvin O.Schrag, The Resources of Rationality, Indiana University Press,1992.
[07]Roland Robertson, Mapping the Global Condition:Globalization as the Central Concept, THEORY CULTURE&SOCIETY, Vol.7(1990).
[08]Alexander Rosenberg, Philosophy of Social Science, Westview Press,1995.
[01]杨小波、吴庆书.城市生态学[M].北京：科学出版社,2001
[02]沈清基.城市生态与城市环境[M].上海：同济大学出版社,2002
[03]尚玉昌.生态学概论[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2003
[04]刘贵利,城市生态规划理论与方法[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2002
[05]城市绿地分类标准[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2002
[06]麦克哈格、芮经纬译.设计结合自然[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1992
[07]洪亮平.城市设计历程[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[08]同济大学、重庆建筑工程学院、武汉城建学院合编.城市园林绿地规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1982
[09]许浩.国外城市绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[10]李敏.现代城市绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[11]李德华.城市规划原理(第三版)[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[12]王浩.城市生态园林与绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2003
[13]王祥荣.生态与环境——城市可持续发展与生态环境新论[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2000
[14]高原荣重、杨增志译.城市绿地规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[15]冯采芹.绿化环境效应研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,1992
[01]毕凌岚.生态城市物质空间系统结构模式研究[D].重庆大学博士论文,2004
[02]王庆日.城市绿地的价值及其评估研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2003
[03]张崇宝.长春市绿地系统生态建设与可持续发展研究[D].东北林业大学博士论文,2005
[04]石崧.以城市绿地系统为先导的城市空间结构研究[D].华中师范大学硕士论文,2002
[05]范亚民.城郊绿地系统生态效益研究——以南宁青秀山为例[D].中南林学院硕士论文,2003
[06]郝凌子.城市绿地开放空间研究[D].南京林业大学硕士论文,2004
[07]徐凌.城市绿地生态系统综合效益研究——以大连市为例[D].辽宁师范大学硕士论文,2000
[08]刘小钊、陈沧杰、丁纪江、刘茂松.城市绿地系统规划理性思维导向探析——以江阴为例[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[09]马向明、吕晓蓓.区域绿地：从概念到实践——一次“协作式规划”的探索[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[10]宋劲松、罗小虹.从“区域绿地”到“政策分区”——广东城乡区域空间管治思想的嬗变[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[11]黄光宇.生态城市规划建设与和谐社会[D].生态城市潍坊会议,2005
[12]吴菲、李树华、张丽红、刘剑,不同比例乔、灌、草型绿地生态效益差异的研究[D].抓住2008年奥运会机会进一步提升北京城市园林绿化水平论文集
[13]吴亚伟,基于生态理念的城市绿化空间系统建构初探[D].,2006
[02]刘滨谊.中国城市绿地系统规划评价指标体系的研究[J].城市规划汇刊.2002,2.
[03]吴人韦.国外城市绿地系统发展历程.[J].城市规划.1998,6.
[04]Bonnes,M.UrbanEcologyAppliedtothe City of Rome.Rome:Istitutode Psicolo gia,Consi glio Nazionaledelle Ricerche,1987.
[05]LittleCE.GreenwaysforAmerica.JohnsHopkinsUniversityPress,Baltimore,MD,1990.
[06]Calvin O.Schrag, The Resources of Rationality, Indiana University Press,1992.
[07]Roland Robertson, Mapping the Global Condition:Globalization as the Central Concept, THEORY CULTURE&SOCIETY, Vol.7(1990).
[08]Alexander Rosenberg, Philosophy of Social Science, Westview Press,1995.
[01]杨小波、吴庆书.城市生态学[M].北京：科学出版社,2001
[02]沈清基.城市生态与城市环境[M].上海：同济大学出版社,2002
[03]尚玉昌.生态学概论[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2003
[04]刘贵利,城市生态规划理论与方法[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2002
[05]城市绿地分类标准[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社.2002
[06]麦克哈格、芮经纬译.设计结合自然[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1992
[07]洪亮平.城市设计历程[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[08]同济大学、重庆建筑工程学院、武汉城建学院合编.城市园林绿地规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1982
[09]许浩.国外城市绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[10]李敏.现代城市绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[11]李德华.城市规划原理(第三版)[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2001
[12]王浩.城市生态园林与绿地系统规划[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2003
[13]王祥荣.生态与环境——城市可持续发展与生态环境新论[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2000
[14]高原荣重、杨增志译.城市绿地规划[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1983
[15]冯采芹.绿化环境效应研究[M].北京：中国环境科学出版社,1992
[01]毕凌岚.生态城市物质空间系统结构模式研究[D].重庆大学博士论文,2004
[02]王庆日.城市绿地的价值及其评估研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2003
[03]张崇宝.长春市绿地系统生态建设与可持续发展研究[D].东北林业大学博士论文,2005
[04]石崧.以城市绿地系统为先导的城市空间结构研究[D].华中师范大学硕士论文,2002
[05]范亚民.城郊绿地系统生态效益研究——以南宁青秀山为例[D].中南林学院硕士论文,2003
[06]郝凌子.城市绿地开放空间研究[D].南京林业大学硕士论文,2004
[07]徐凌.城市绿地生态系统综合效益研究——以大连市为例[D].辽宁师范大学硕士论文,2000
[08]刘小钊、陈沧杰、丁纪江、刘茂松.城市绿地系统规划理性思维导向探析——以江阴为例[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[09]马向明、吕晓蓓.区域绿地：从概念到实践——一次“协作式规划”的探索[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[10]宋劲松、罗小虹.从“区域绿地”到“政策分区”——广东城乡区域空间管治思想的嬗变[D].2006城市规划年会论文
[11]黄光宇.生态城市规划建设与和谐社会[D].生态城市潍坊会议,2005
[12]吴菲、李树华、张丽红、刘剑,不同比例乔、灌、草型绿地生态效益差异的研究[D].抓住2008年奥运会机会进一步提升北京城市园林绿化水平论文集
[13]吴亚伟,基于生态理念的城市绿化空间系统建构初探[D].,2006