基于CDMA的嵌入式视频监控系统的研究与应用
摘要
视频监控具有广泛的应用,同时随着技术的进步人们对监控提出了新需求。无线远程监控系统是在传统测控系统的基础上结合当前无线通信技术和信息处理技术而发展起来的新型远程监控系统。它为人们远程监控现场提供了极大的方便。
然而现有的无线视频监控系统,虽然能够实现现场的实时监控、视频流编码和无线传输等功能,但普遍都存在下面几个问题:(1)视频压缩比低;(2)图像清晰度较差(3)处理速度低,监控路数少。在无线视频监控中,由于无线传输速度的限制,需要在尽可能低的码率下获得尽可能好的图像质量,这就要求采用高效率的视频编解码算法。现有系统一般采用如MPEG-4的编码算法,并不能满足无线视频系统的特定要求,在传输宽带固定的情况下为了保证视频的连续性,只能降低码流,从而造成清晰度较差的问题。
针对上述问题,本论文设计了结合最新数字视频编码标准H.264和CDMA2001X数据传输技术的基于CDMA的嵌入式视频监控系统。系统以专用的视频芯片GM8180为核心,实现了可多达8路的现场实时监控,并通过无线CDMA网络把H.264压缩的视频流传输到中心服务器端,实现了低码高清的传输目的。
本文设计了基于CDMA的嵌入式视频监控系统的终端硬件。该终端硬件以RS-232接口和CDMA模块连接,实现了H.264视频流数据的无线传输;实现了GM8180平台上Linux内核操作系统的裁剪和移植以及Bootloader的移植,并给出具体的操作流程;实现了本系统视频流数据的采集、压缩和传输的软件部分。
There is a wide range of applications in video surveillance, and people has new demand for the video surveillance with the technological progress. Wireless remote monitoring system is a new type of remote monitoring system based on traditional measurement and control system and is a combination of the current wireless communications technology and information processing technology. It provides a great convenience for people to remote monitoring.
However, the existing wireless video surveillance system can achieve the real-time monitoring, video streaming encoding and wireless transmission. But generally there are the following issues: (1) video compression ratio is low; (2) image resolution poor (3) low processing speed, less monitoring approach. In wireless video surveillance, because of the speed of wireless transmission constraints, it need to get the best possible image quality under the rate as low as possible. This means the system requires highly efficient video codec algorithm, while the existing system use the encoding algorithm such as MPEG-4 which can not meet the specific requirements in the transmission. So in order to ensure the continuity of the video, it have to reduce the bit stream to result the problem of poor definition.
According to these problems, this paper designs a CDMA-based embedded video monitoring system combined with the latest Digital video coding standard H.264 and data transfer technology CDMA2001X . The system is designed to make a dedicated video chip GM8180 as the core to realize up to 8 real-time monitoring . And it can transmit H.264 compressed video streams to the central server side through the wireless CDMA network. It realizes the purpose of low-key high-definition transmission.
The paper designs a CDMA-based embedded video monitoring system terminal hardware. This terminal hardware connect the CDMA modules through RS-232 interface to achieve the wireless transmission of data; it realizes the cutting and transplantation of Linux operating system and Bootloader on the GM8180 platform and the specific operational procedures; it also realizes software of video stream’s data collection ,compression and transmission.
然而现有的无线视频监控系统,虽然能够实现现场的实时监控、视频流编码和无线传输等功能,但普遍都存在下面几个问题:(1)视频压缩比低;(2)图像清晰度较差(3)处理速度低,监控路数少。在无线视频监控中,由于无线传输速度的限制,需要在尽可能低的码率下获得尽可能好的图像质量,这就要求采用高效率的视频编解码算法。现有系统一般采用如MPEG-4的编码算法,并不能满足无线视频系统的特定要求,在传输宽带固定的情况下为了保证视频的连续性,只能降低码流,从而造成清晰度较差的问题。
针对上述问题,本论文设计了结合最新数字视频编码标准H.264和CDMA2001X数据传输技术的基于CDMA的嵌入式视频监控系统。系统以专用的视频芯片GM8180为核心,实现了可多达8路的现场实时监控,并通过无线CDMA网络把H.264压缩的视频流传输到中心服务器端,实现了低码高清的传输目的。
本文设计了基于CDMA的嵌入式视频监控系统的终端硬件。该终端硬件以RS-232接口和CDMA模块连接,实现了H.264视频流数据的无线传输;实现了GM8180平台上Linux内核操作系统的裁剪和移植以及Bootloader的移植,并给出具体的操作流程;实现了本系统视频流数据的采集、压缩和传输的软件部分。
There is a wide range of applications in video surveillance, and people has new demand for the video surveillance with the technological progress. Wireless remote monitoring system is a new type of remote monitoring system based on traditional measurement and control system and is a combination of the current wireless communications technology and information processing technology. It provides a great convenience for people to remote monitoring.
However, the existing wireless video surveillance system can achieve the real-time monitoring, video streaming encoding and wireless transmission. But generally there are the following issues: (1) video compression ratio is low; (2) image resolution poor (3) low processing speed, less monitoring approach. In wireless video surveillance, because of the speed of wireless transmission constraints, it need to get the best possible image quality under the rate as low as possible. This means the system requires highly efficient video codec algorithm, while the existing system use the encoding algorithm such as MPEG-4 which can not meet the specific requirements in the transmission. So in order to ensure the continuity of the video, it have to reduce the bit stream to result the problem of poor definition.
According to these problems, this paper designs a CDMA-based embedded video monitoring system combined with the latest Digital video coding standard H.264 and data transfer technology CDMA2001X . The system is designed to make a dedicated video chip GM8180 as the core to realize up to 8 real-time monitoring . And it can transmit H.264 compressed video streams to the central server side through the wireless CDMA network. It realizes the purpose of low-key high-definition transmission.
The paper designs a CDMA-based embedded video monitoring system terminal hardware. This terminal hardware connect the CDMA modules through RS-232 interface to achieve the wireless transmission of data; it realizes the cutting and transplantation of Linux operating system and Bootloader on the GM8180 platform and the specific operational procedures; it also realizes software of video stream’s data collection ,compression and transmission.
引文
[1]刘富强.数字视频监控系统开发及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:238-242.
[2]夏惊涛.视频监控系统浅析[J].测控技术,2006,25(2):84-86.
[3]陈福胜.视频监控和无线网络的融合[J].医疗电子,2006.
[4]梁春雁,谢剑英.智能大厦的视频监控系统设计[J].测控技术, 1999, 18(10): 28-30.
[5]胡永红.智能多路视频监控系统的设计[J].微机发展,2001,1(2):75-76.
[6] GM8180 Block Data Sheet,Grain Media,2008.
[7] GM8180 Software Training Course,Grain Media,2008.
[8] TW2835 Block Data Sheet,Techwell, Inc,2006.
[9] TW2835 Application Note,Techwell, Inc,2006.
[10]陈远森,邓可. UNIX网络实用编程技术[M].中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[11]周立功. ARM嵌入式系统基础教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2000.
[12]周立功,陈明计. ARM嵌入式LINUX系统构建与驱动开发范例[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[13]王学龙.嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2001.8:243-358.
[14]赵炯编著. Linux内核完全注释[M].机械工业出版社,2004.9:130-170.
[15]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发[M].清华大学出版社,2006.
[16]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[17]李善平等. Linux与嵌入式系统[M].清华大学出版社,2006.
[18]陈赜等. ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[19]李驹光,聂学媛,江泽明等. ARM应用系统开发详解[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[20]代少升,袁祥辉. DMA技术在实时图像处理中的应用[J].重庆大学学报,2003.
[21]夏正良.数据图像处理[M].东南大学出版社,1998.
[22]周立功等. ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[23]朱珂等译. Linux编程白皮书[M].机械工业出版社,2000.
[24]徐雪松等.基于嵌入式Linux的DiskOnChip设备的驱动开发实现[J].电子设计应用,2007.
[25]谭浩强. C程序设计.[M].清华大学出版社,1996.
[26]杜春雷. ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:北京清华大学出版社,2003.
[27] Patel S,Srinivasan S.Modified embedded zerotree wavelet algorithm for fast implementation of wavelet image codec[J]. Electronics Letters,2006,36(20):1713-1714.
[28] Ouafi A,Ahmed A T,Baarir Z,et al.Color image coding by modi-fied Embedded ZerotreeWavelet(EZW)Algorithm 2006,1:1451-1456.
[29] Schulzrinne H,Casner S,Frederich R,etc.RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applicatinons.RFC 1889,1996.
[30]詹荣开.嵌入式系统Bootloader技术内幕[DB/OL]. www.linuxsir.org,2003-12-18.
[31]毛德操,胡希明. Linux内核源代码情景分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001:156-157.
[32]范庆辉,阳福民.基于TW2834的OSD技术研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(10):2469-2471.
[33]吴怡,郑晖.基于CDMA 1X网络的远程图象传输设备的设计[J].总线与网络,2006.
[34]何小庆.选择ARM CPU的操作系统UC/OS-II,UCLINUX还是LINUX[J].嵌入式系统.
[35]李玉山.数字视觉视频技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006.
[36] TW2835 Data Sheet,TechWell,2006.
[37]范庆辉,阳福民.基于TW2824的OSD技术研究与实现.计算机工程与设计,2007,10(24): 69-71.
[38]王继先.视频传输控制方法的研究(基于RTP)[D].成都:电子科技大学计算机技术,2003.
[39] Alessandro Rubini, Joneathan Corbet Linux device drivers 2nd Edition USA: OREILLY Media Inc 2005.
[40] Daniel Vovet, Marco Cesati Understanding the Linux kernel 2nd Edition USA: 0 REILLY Media Inc 2003.
[41]王多智.嵌入式Linux下SRAM驱动程序的开发原理及应用.微计算机信息,2005,21-5:73-74.
[42] S29GL-N MirrorBit? Flash Family Data Sheet,Spansion,2006.
[43] MG815+模块硬件外围电路设计参考手册,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[44] MG815+模块开发板用户使用说明,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[45]中兴通讯MG815+模块AT指令手册,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[46] HY5DU121622CTP Data Sheet,Hynix,2005.
[47] GM8180测试参考文档,Cyberwin,2008.
[48] GM8180烧写说明,Cyberwin,2008.
[49] GM8180 Hardware Training Course,Grain Media,2008.
[50] GM8180 Development Kit,Grain Media,2008.
[51] GM8180 LINUX SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT (GDK) , FARADAY TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION,2007.
[2]夏惊涛.视频监控系统浅析[J].测控技术,2006,25(2):84-86.
[3]陈福胜.视频监控和无线网络的融合[J].医疗电子,2006.
[4]梁春雁,谢剑英.智能大厦的视频监控系统设计[J].测控技术, 1999, 18(10): 28-30.
[5]胡永红.智能多路视频监控系统的设计[J].微机发展,2001,1(2):75-76.
[6] GM8180 Block Data Sheet,Grain Media,2008.
[7] GM8180 Software Training Course,Grain Media,2008.
[8] TW2835 Block Data Sheet,Techwell, Inc,2006.
[9] TW2835 Application Note,Techwell, Inc,2006.
[10]陈远森,邓可. UNIX网络实用编程技术[M].中国水利水电出版社,2000.
[11]周立功. ARM嵌入式系统基础教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2000.
[12]周立功,陈明计. ARM嵌入式LINUX系统构建与驱动开发范例[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[13]王学龙.嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2001.8:243-358.
[14]赵炯编著. Linux内核完全注释[M].机械工业出版社,2004.9:130-170.
[15]王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发[M].清华大学出版社,2006.
[16]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[17]李善平等. Linux与嵌入式系统[M].清华大学出版社,2006.
[18]陈赜等. ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[19]李驹光,聂学媛,江泽明等. ARM应用系统开发详解[M].清华大学出版社,2003.
[20]代少升,袁祥辉. DMA技术在实时图像处理中的应用[J].重庆大学学报,2003.
[21]夏正良.数据图像处理[M].东南大学出版社,1998.
[22]周立功等. ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.
[23]朱珂等译. Linux编程白皮书[M].机械工业出版社,2000.
[24]徐雪松等.基于嵌入式Linux的DiskOnChip设备的驱动开发实现[J].电子设计应用,2007.
[25]谭浩强. C程序设计.[M].清华大学出版社,1996.
[26]杜春雷. ARM体系结构与编程[M].北京:北京清华大学出版社,2003.
[27] Patel S,Srinivasan S.Modified embedded zerotree wavelet algorithm for fast implementation of wavelet image codec[J]. Electronics Letters,2006,36(20):1713-1714.
[28] Ouafi A,Ahmed A T,Baarir Z,et al.Color image coding by modi-fied Embedded ZerotreeWavelet(EZW)Algorithm 2006,1:1451-1456.
[29] Schulzrinne H,Casner S,Frederich R,etc.RTP:A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applicatinons.RFC 1889,1996.
[30]詹荣开.嵌入式系统Bootloader技术内幕[DB/OL]. www.linuxsir.org,2003-12-18.
[31]毛德操,胡希明. Linux内核源代码情景分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001:156-157.
[32]范庆辉,阳福民.基于TW2834的OSD技术研究与实现[J].计算机工程与设计,2007,28(10):2469-2471.
[33]吴怡,郑晖.基于CDMA 1X网络的远程图象传输设备的设计[J].总线与网络,2006.
[34]何小庆.选择ARM CPU的操作系统UC/OS-II,UCLINUX还是LINUX[J].嵌入式系统.
[35]李玉山.数字视觉视频技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2006.
[36] TW2835 Data Sheet,TechWell,2006.
[37]范庆辉,阳福民.基于TW2824的OSD技术研究与实现.计算机工程与设计,2007,10(24): 69-71.
[38]王继先.视频传输控制方法的研究(基于RTP)[D].成都:电子科技大学计算机技术,2003.
[39] Alessandro Rubini, Joneathan Corbet Linux device drivers 2nd Edition USA: OREILLY Media Inc 2005.
[40] Daniel Vovet, Marco Cesati Understanding the Linux kernel 2nd Edition USA: 0 REILLY Media Inc 2003.
[41]王多智.嵌入式Linux下SRAM驱动程序的开发原理及应用.微计算机信息,2005,21-5:73-74.
[42] S29GL-N MirrorBit? Flash Family Data Sheet,Spansion,2006.
[43] MG815+模块硬件外围电路设计参考手册,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[44] MG815+模块开发板用户使用说明,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[45]中兴通讯MG815+模块AT指令手册,中兴通讯股份有限公司,2006.
[46] HY5DU121622CTP Data Sheet,Hynix,2005.
[47] GM8180测试参考文档,Cyberwin,2008.
[48] GM8180烧写说明,Cyberwin,2008.
[49] GM8180 Hardware Training Course,Grain Media,2008.
[50] GM8180 Development Kit,Grain Media,2008.
[51] GM8180 LINUX SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT (GDK) , FARADAY TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION,2007.