三螺杆泵参数化建模及有限元分析
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摘要
三螺杆泵主要靠主从杆相互啮合形成密封腔将液体从吸入口输送到排出口。因此,正确设计螺杆型面是保证螺杆泵工作效率的主要因素。本文以三维CAD软件SolidWorks为基础,设计了<135>型三螺杆泵主、从杆及衬套的参数化设计系统,方便了工程技术人员设计不同参数下的主、从杆及衬套。因此,该参数化设计系统在工程中具有较强的实用价值。
在研究SolidWorks软件中样条曲线实现技术的基础上,分别提取了主、从杆法截面和纵截面上型线数据,并与理论数据对比,得出了主、从杆法(纵)截面型线与提取法(纵)截面型线之间最大的极坐标误差。由于计算结果表明二者误差很小,即可直接通过主、从杆三维模型获取主从杆法、纵截面型线,并加工成样板进行检验。此方法同时也为一些表达式未知的复杂型面样板的获取提供了参考。
螺杆泵工作时,相互啮合的主、从螺杆在衬套内以较高速度旋转。当衬套在介质压力作用下,变形量达到一定程度,衬套与螺杆之间的磨损会加快,致使螺杆型面遭到破坏,产生泄漏、降低容积率等问题,变形严重时甚至会出现螺杆“卡死”现象。为解决这一问题,本文利用有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran对衬套实际工况下的力学性能进行了研究,并在此基础上,对衬套设计提出了改进意见,并对改进后模型进行了有限元分析,结果表明改进后的衬套力学性能较改进前有了较大提高。
最后,采用电测法对衬套外表面进行了应变测量,得出了衬套外表面测点的应力值分布规律。实验结果与有限元分析结果较为接近,验证了有限元分析结果的正确性。
A screw pump is a special type of positive displacement pumps that has two or more intermeshing screws rotating axially to deliver fluids. So it is important to design the cutter profile accurately to obtain a high volumetric efficiency of the pump. With the customization of Solidworks, achieving the parametric design of <135>-type three-screw pump’s central rotor、idler rotor and Bush. Therefore, this system has a strong practical value.
Research on the SolidWorks software spline implementation technology, based on which extracting the data of the central rotor and idler rotor’s law Section and longitudinal section Surface contour and compared with the standard data, then obtaining the largest error between the extracting data and theoretically correct value. As the error is small, through the central rotor and idler rotor’s three-dimensional model, we can directly obtain the central rotor and idler rotor’s law Section Surface contour and longitudinal section Surface contour. At the same time, this method can also provide a reference model for access complex surface’s checking template.
When the three-screw pumps is working, the deformation of the central rotor、idler rotor and Bush will be made by liquid pressure. If the deformation reaches a certain level, the wear between the bush and the screw will speed up; there may be screw "stuck" phenomenon. In order to solve the problem, the actual condition of the mechanical properties of the bush was studied by MSC.Nastran. Based on the above, some advice of was presented.Then the improved model was analyzed, the results show the mechanical properties of the improved bush has great improvement
Finally, electrometric method was used to measure the strain of the bush’s outer surface, in order to get the measuring point’s stress distribution. By comparing the experimental results and finite element analysis results showed that the error is small, which verify the correctness of the finite element analysis results
在研究SolidWorks软件中样条曲线实现技术的基础上,分别提取了主、从杆法截面和纵截面上型线数据,并与理论数据对比,得出了主、从杆法(纵)截面型线与提取法(纵)截面型线之间最大的极坐标误差。由于计算结果表明二者误差很小,即可直接通过主、从杆三维模型获取主从杆法、纵截面型线,并加工成样板进行检验。此方法同时也为一些表达式未知的复杂型面样板的获取提供了参考。
螺杆泵工作时,相互啮合的主、从螺杆在衬套内以较高速度旋转。当衬套在介质压力作用下,变形量达到一定程度,衬套与螺杆之间的磨损会加快,致使螺杆型面遭到破坏,产生泄漏、降低容积率等问题,变形严重时甚至会出现螺杆“卡死”现象。为解决这一问题,本文利用有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran对衬套实际工况下的力学性能进行了研究,并在此基础上,对衬套设计提出了改进意见,并对改进后模型进行了有限元分析,结果表明改进后的衬套力学性能较改进前有了较大提高。
最后,采用电测法对衬套外表面进行了应变测量,得出了衬套外表面测点的应力值分布规律。实验结果与有限元分析结果较为接近,验证了有限元分析结果的正确性。
A screw pump is a special type of positive displacement pumps that has two or more intermeshing screws rotating axially to deliver fluids. So it is important to design the cutter profile accurately to obtain a high volumetric efficiency of the pump. With the customization of Solidworks, achieving the parametric design of <135>-type three-screw pump’s central rotor、idler rotor and Bush. Therefore, this system has a strong practical value.
Research on the SolidWorks software spline implementation technology, based on which extracting the data of the central rotor and idler rotor’s law Section and longitudinal section Surface contour and compared with the standard data, then obtaining the largest error between the extracting data and theoretically correct value. As the error is small, through the central rotor and idler rotor’s three-dimensional model, we can directly obtain the central rotor and idler rotor’s law Section Surface contour and longitudinal section Surface contour. At the same time, this method can also provide a reference model for access complex surface’s checking template.
When the three-screw pumps is working, the deformation of the central rotor、idler rotor and Bush will be made by liquid pressure. If the deformation reaches a certain level, the wear between the bush and the screw will speed up; there may be screw "stuck" phenomenon. In order to solve the problem, the actual condition of the mechanical properties of the bush was studied by MSC.Nastran. Based on the above, some advice of was presented.Then the improved model was analyzed, the results show the mechanical properties of the improved bush has great improvement
Finally, electrometric method was used to measure the strain of the bush’s outer surface, in order to get the measuring point’s stress distribution. By comparing the experimental results and finite element analysis results showed that the error is small, which verify the correctness of the finite element analysis results
引文
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[5]曹锋等.双螺杆多相混输泵技术及研究进展[J].石油机械,1999,27(3):37-39.
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[8]数学在螺杆泵设计与制造中的应用编写组.数学在螺杆泵设计与制造中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1977.2.
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[11]毛华永,李娜,杨滨等.摆线转子泵转子齿廓的形成[J].山东科学,2003,16(1):26-29.
[12]李光华,黄德浩,薛强.螺杆泵转子型线研究[J].海军工程大学学报,2001,13(5):71-73.
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[16] GIOVANNI MIMMI,PAOLO PENNACCHI.Determination of tool profile for the milling of three screw pump rotors.Meccanica.32(4),1997.363-376.
[17] Mimmi, G. and Pennacchi, P . Deviations Induced by Tool Sharpening in the Profile of Three Screw Pump Rotors.Meccanica.32:567-576, 1997.
[18] Mimmi, G. and Pennacchi, P.Design of three-screw positive displacement rotary pumps[J].Transactions on Engineering Sciences Vol 7, www.witpress.com.
[19]赵宁,李碧浩,屈文涛,徐建宁.螺杆转子动力学性能有限元分析[J].现代制造工程,2006.3:37-39.
[20]宋超,曹荣等.对称型三螺杆泵螺杆力学特性研究[J].煤矿机械,2008,29(11):35-37.
[21]宋超.135型螺杆泵螺杆的设计过程及力学性能研究[D].南京林业大学硕士学位论文,2005.6.
[22]李福天,孙玉祥.三螺杆泵螺旋齿形中心角的影响[J].船舶工程,2008,30(4):44-47.
[23] Mimmi,G.,Pennacchi,P.Computation of pressure loads in three screw pump rotors[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design.120:289-592.
[24] Mimmi,G.,Pennacchi,P.Dynamic Effects of pressure loads in three screw pump rotors[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design.120,1998:589-592.
[25]陈欣,金俊杰,王可.一种复杂曲面测量新技术的理论研究[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2007(2):18-23.
[26]江涛,翁讯.广义螺旋面轮廓度在线测量技术研究[J].江西理工大学学报,2008,29(1):46-49.
[27]孙兴伟,王太勇,王可.基于测量的螺旋曲面实体造型方法研究[J].工艺与装备,2006,(2):76-78.
[28] Kazuhiro Matsumoto,Tsuchiura,Tomu Kato.Screw compressor and method of manufacturing rotors thereof [J].United States Patent,2006,9.
[29] Zongxian Liu,Hisashi TAMURA and Kazumasa KAWASAKI.Measurement of Screw-Compressor Rotor Using Coordinate Measuring Machine[C].The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers,2000,66(645):1667-1673.
[30]王可,呼咏,陈欣,唐宗军.无瞬心包络法加工螺杆的精度分析[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,1999,(1):24-26.
[31]何小妹.螺杆加工中编程误差分析方法研究[D].沈阳工业大学硕士学位论文,2002.2.
[32]陈惟荣.齿轮啮合理论[M].煤炭工业出版社,1986.
[33]郑梅生,王兆伍,孙青云,程飞.用啮合理论研究三螺杆泵转子齿形[J].流体机械,2008,36(11):28-31.
[34]江洪,魏峥,王涛威.SolidWorks二次开发实例解析[M].机械工业出版社,2004.
[35]董西军.基于SolidWorks的参数化设计[J].机械制造与自动化,2007,(2):26-30
[36]张建德,邵定宏,陆金桂.基于SolidWorks的齿轮参数化设计及实现[J].微计算机信息(测控自动化), 2007, 23(5-1): 250-254.
[37]郗向儒,韩锐,李珣.SolidWorks环境下的参数化建模方法[J].机床与液压2004(9): 73~75.
[38]管凌峰.薄膜蒸发器三维参数化设计及其CAE研究[D].南京工业大学硕士学位论文,2006.5.
[39]施法中.计算机辅助几何设计与非均匀有理B样条[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001.
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