220kV高压输电线路的防雷接地技术研究
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摘要
内蒙电网已初步形成以220kV-500kV为主要电压等级的骨干网架。但是,由于其绝缘水平较低,部分地区运行环境恶劣,网络结构复杂,防雷措施不尽完善,而且在技术管理和运行维护上还有很多不足,以至于输电线路雷击事故突出,严重影响内蒙电网的安全稳定运行。本论文从内蒙电网输电线路实际雷击情况出发,对雷击类型和形式进行统计和分析,找出了内蒙电网输电线路的雷害规律、特点及主要原因。最后,针对内蒙电网220kV输电线路现有防雷措施存在的不足,提出了有建设性的防雷接地改进措施。
Inner Mongolia power grid is mainly composed by 220kV-500kV high voltage transmission lines. However, due to its low insulation level, complex network structure, harsh operating environment, imperfection in lightning protection measures, as well as some deficiency in the technical management and operation and maintenance, the lightning strikes in transmission lines occur frequently, which greatly affect the security and stability of Inner Mongolia power grid. Based on the actual lighting strikes statistics of the transmission lines in Inner Mongolia power grid, this paper first analyzes the types and modes of lightning strikes. Then the rules, characteristics and causes of the lighting strikes are pointed out. Finally, in terms of the existing issues of the 220kV transmission lines in Inner Mongolia power grid, constructive measures to improve lightning-protection are proposed.
Inner Mongolia power grid is mainly composed by 220kV-500kV high voltage transmission lines. However, due to its low insulation level, complex network structure, harsh operating environment, imperfection in lightning protection measures, as well as some deficiency in the technical management and operation and maintenance, the lightning strikes in transmission lines occur frequently, which greatly affect the security and stability of Inner Mongolia power grid. Based on the actual lighting strikes statistics of the transmission lines in Inner Mongolia power grid, this paper first analyzes the types and modes of lightning strikes. Then the rules, characteristics and causes of the lighting strikes are pointed out. Finally, in terms of the existing issues of the 220kV transmission lines in Inner Mongolia power grid, constructive measures to improve lightning-protection are proposed.
引文
[1]周泽存.高电压技术.北京：水利水电出版社,1997
[2]刘吉来,黄瑞梅.高电压技术.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2004
[3]虞昊,臧庚媛,赵大铜.现代防雷技术基础.北京：气象出版社,1995
[4]王剑,刘亚新,陈家宏,等.基于电网雷害分布的输电线路防雷配置方法.高电压技术,2008,34(10)：2065-2069
[5]易辉,崔江流.我国输电线路运行现状及防雷保护.高电压技术,2001,27(6)：44
[6]李景禄.关于中压电网防雷保护现状的分析与探讨.电瓷避雷器,2003,4：34
[7]安宁.110kV康平线和220kV大安线输电线路综合防雷研究：[硕士学位论文].重庆：重庆大学,2002
[8]陈水明,何金良,吴维韩,林火华.220kV双回路同杆并架线路采用氧化锌避雷器提高耐雷水平的研究.电网技术,1999,23(9)：9。
[9]陈水明,何金良,吴维韩,林火华.采用氧化锌避雷器提高220kV线路耐雷水平的研究.高电压技术,1998,24(3)：77。
[10]何金良,欧阳昌宜.线路ZnO避雷器的发展概况.电网技术,1993,4：23~26
[11]Takeo Wakai, Naoki Itamoto, Tutomu Salcai, and Masaru Ishii. Evaluation Of Transmission Line Arresters Against Winter Lightning. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):684
[12]G. V. Podporkin, A. D. Sivaev. Lightning Protection Of Distribution Lines By Long Flashover Arresters(LFA). IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 1998,13(3):814
[13]Furukawa S, et al. Development and application of lightning arresters for transmission lines. IEEET PD,1989,4:2121～2129
[14]王兰义.同本氧化锌避雷器的发展动向.电瓷避雷器,1999,3：27-32
[15]罗真海,陈雄一,萧定辉.浅议220kV韶郭线安装氧化锌避雷器后的运行效果.广东电力,2000,8：30-31
[16]解广润.电力系统过电压.北京：水利电力出版社,1985
[17]钱冠军,王晓谕,汪雁,詹花茂.输电线路雷击仿真模型.中国电机工程学报,1999,8：39-44
[18]陈慈萱.过电压保护原理与运行技术.北京：中国电力出版社2002
[19]张纬钹,高玉明.电力系统过电压与绝缘配合.北京：清华大学出版社,1988
[20]何平,蓝磊,文习山,喻剑辉.关于架空线路感应过电压的计算问题.高电压 技术,1999,25(2)：65
[21]Tatsuo Udo, Estimation Of Lightning Shielding Failures And Mid-span Back-flashovers Based On The Performance Of EHV Double Circuit Transmission Lines, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.1997,12(2):832
[22]Voislav Jankov. Estimation of The Maximal Voltage Induced On An Overhead Line Due To The Nearby Lightning. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1997,12(1): 315-330
[23]吴维韩,张芳榴.电力系统过电压数值计算.北京：科学出版社,1989
[24]杨保初.高电压技术.重庆：重庆大学出版社,2002
[25]李景禄.实用高电压技术.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2008
[26]方瑜.配电网过电压.北京：水利电力出版社,1994
[27]陶祥海.输电线路雷击故障及防雷措施.广东科技,2009,7：113-114
[28]Carlo Alberto, Farhad Rachidi. Comparison of Two Coupling Model For Lightning-induced Overvoltage Calculations, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1995,10(1):1212-1231
[29]水利电力部东北电力设计院.高压送电线路设计手册.长春：吉林人民出版社,1976
[30]中华人民共和国国家经济贸易委员会.DL／T5092—1999P.110-500kV架空送电线路设计技术规程.北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[31]中华人民共和国电力工业部.DL／T620-1997.交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合.北京：中国电力出版社,1997
[32]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50057—94.建筑物防雷设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,2001
[33]Sadovic S, Joulie R. Use of line surge arresters for the improvement of the lighting performance of 63kV. Trans on Power Delivery,1997,12(3): 1232
[34]S. Ito, Y. et al. Application of Lightning Arresters for Transmission Lines and Its Effect. CiGIRE SC,33-87(coll)01.05 IWD.1987
[35]Ishida K, et al. Development of a 500 kV transmission line arrester and its characteristics. IEEE T PD,1992,7(3):1265～1274
[36]Furukawa S, et al. Development and application of lightning arresters for transmission lines. IEEE T-PD.1989,4:2121～2129
[37]周华敏,彭向阳.广东输电线路防雷运行分析.广东电力,2009,22(5)：19～22
[38]李冰,李峰.山西电网雷电数据分析.山西电力,2009,3：12～14
[39]关晓曼,徐以哲.通信台(站)雷电过电压分析及防护方式选择.内蒙古气象,2003,2：36-39
[40]闫爱霞,田龙,郎亚彬,张林.正镶白旗雷暴气候特征及其防御措施分析.内蒙古气象,2009,3：18～19
[41]魏利敏,王凤琴,李霞云.乌海市雷电灾害特征分析.内蒙古气象,2007,6：72
[42]董金虎.高压线路雷击故障分析.气象科技,2009,37(1)：127～128
[43]黄炜纲,周东平.对线路防雷计算中绝缘闪络判据的研讨.中国电力,1999,11：59～63
[44]王东烨,王润洲,张庆权.220kV线路雷击跳闸原因分析.东北电力技术,2009,2：17～19
[45]梁曦东,陈昌渔,周远翔.高电压工程.北京：清华大学出版社,2003
[46]李景禄.实用电力接地技术.北京：中国电力出版社,2002.
[47]刘文波,王善菊,房家睿.电力线路防雷接地系统测试技术.电网技术,2007,31(2)：40～42
[48]郭玉莉.输电线路防雷保护研究.科技资讯,2008,30：248
[2]刘吉来,黄瑞梅.高电压技术.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2004
[3]虞昊,臧庚媛,赵大铜.现代防雷技术基础.北京：气象出版社,1995
[4]王剑,刘亚新,陈家宏,等.基于电网雷害分布的输电线路防雷配置方法.高电压技术,2008,34(10)：2065-2069
[5]易辉,崔江流.我国输电线路运行现状及防雷保护.高电压技术,2001,27(6)：44
[6]李景禄.关于中压电网防雷保护现状的分析与探讨.电瓷避雷器,2003,4：34
[7]安宁.110kV康平线和220kV大安线输电线路综合防雷研究：[硕士学位论文].重庆：重庆大学,2002
[8]陈水明,何金良,吴维韩,林火华.220kV双回路同杆并架线路采用氧化锌避雷器提高耐雷水平的研究.电网技术,1999,23(9)：9。
[9]陈水明,何金良,吴维韩,林火华.采用氧化锌避雷器提高220kV线路耐雷水平的研究.高电压技术,1998,24(3)：77。
[10]何金良,欧阳昌宜.线路ZnO避雷器的发展概况.电网技术,1993,4：23~26
[11]Takeo Wakai, Naoki Itamoto, Tutomu Salcai, and Masaru Ishii. Evaluation Of Transmission Line Arresters Against Winter Lightning. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(2):684
[12]G. V. Podporkin, A. D. Sivaev. Lightning Protection Of Distribution Lines By Long Flashover Arresters(LFA). IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 1998,13(3):814
[13]Furukawa S, et al. Development and application of lightning arresters for transmission lines. IEEET PD,1989,4:2121～2129
[14]王兰义.同本氧化锌避雷器的发展动向.电瓷避雷器,1999,3：27-32
[15]罗真海,陈雄一,萧定辉.浅议220kV韶郭线安装氧化锌避雷器后的运行效果.广东电力,2000,8：30-31
[16]解广润.电力系统过电压.北京：水利电力出版社,1985
[17]钱冠军,王晓谕,汪雁,詹花茂.输电线路雷击仿真模型.中国电机工程学报,1999,8：39-44
[18]陈慈萱.过电压保护原理与运行技术.北京：中国电力出版社2002
[19]张纬钹,高玉明.电力系统过电压与绝缘配合.北京：清华大学出版社,1988
[20]何平,蓝磊,文习山,喻剑辉.关于架空线路感应过电压的计算问题.高电压 技术,1999,25(2)：65
[21]Tatsuo Udo, Estimation Of Lightning Shielding Failures And Mid-span Back-flashovers Based On The Performance Of EHV Double Circuit Transmission Lines, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.1997,12(2):832
[22]Voislav Jankov. Estimation of The Maximal Voltage Induced On An Overhead Line Due To The Nearby Lightning. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1997,12(1): 315-330
[23]吴维韩,张芳榴.电力系统过电压数值计算.北京：科学出版社,1989
[24]杨保初.高电压技术.重庆：重庆大学出版社,2002
[25]李景禄.实用高电压技术.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2008
[26]方瑜.配电网过电压.北京：水利电力出版社,1994
[27]陶祥海.输电线路雷击故障及防雷措施.广东科技,2009,7：113-114
[28]Carlo Alberto, Farhad Rachidi. Comparison of Two Coupling Model For Lightning-induced Overvoltage Calculations, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1995,10(1):1212-1231
[29]水利电力部东北电力设计院.高压送电线路设计手册.长春：吉林人民出版社,1976
[30]中华人民共和国国家经济贸易委员会.DL／T5092—1999P.110-500kV架空送电线路设计技术规程.北京：中国电力出版社,1999
[31]中华人民共和国电力工业部.DL／T620-1997.交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合.北京：中国电力出版社,1997
[32]中华人民共和国建设部.GB50057—94.建筑物防雷设计规范.北京：中国计划出版社,2001
[33]Sadovic S, Joulie R. Use of line surge arresters for the improvement of the lighting performance of 63kV. Trans on Power Delivery,1997,12(3): 1232
[34]S. Ito, Y. et al. Application of Lightning Arresters for Transmission Lines and Its Effect. CiGIRE SC,33-87(coll)01.05 IWD.1987
[35]Ishida K, et al. Development of a 500 kV transmission line arrester and its characteristics. IEEE T PD,1992,7(3):1265～1274
[36]Furukawa S, et al. Development and application of lightning arresters for transmission lines. IEEE T-PD.1989,4:2121～2129
[37]周华敏,彭向阳.广东输电线路防雷运行分析.广东电力,2009,22(5)：19～22
[38]李冰,李峰.山西电网雷电数据分析.山西电力,2009,3：12～14
[39]关晓曼,徐以哲.通信台(站)雷电过电压分析及防护方式选择.内蒙古气象,2003,2：36-39
[40]闫爱霞,田龙,郎亚彬,张林.正镶白旗雷暴气候特征及其防御措施分析.内蒙古气象,2009,3：18～19
[41]魏利敏,王凤琴,李霞云.乌海市雷电灾害特征分析.内蒙古气象,2007,6：72
[42]董金虎.高压线路雷击故障分析.气象科技,2009,37(1)：127～128
[43]黄炜纲,周东平.对线路防雷计算中绝缘闪络判据的研讨.中国电力,1999,11：59～63
[44]王东烨,王润洲,张庆权.220kV线路雷击跳闸原因分析.东北电力技术,2009,2：17～19
[45]梁曦东,陈昌渔,周远翔.高电压工程.北京：清华大学出版社,2003
[46]李景禄.实用电力接地技术.北京：中国电力出版社,2002.
[47]刘文波,王善菊,房家睿.电力线路防雷接地系统测试技术.电网技术,2007,31(2)：40～42
[48]郭玉莉.输电线路防雷保护研究.科技资讯,2008,30：248