基于PROFIBUS的网络控制系统智能从站接口的设计及分析
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摘要
现场总线控制系统已逐渐发展成为继集散控制系统之后的新一代控制系统,成为当前控制领域内的热点之一。但是现场总线领域至今没有形成一个统一的标准,自动化孤岛依然存在。PROFIBUS是当今最为流行的现场总线之一,它包含三个兼容版本FMS、DP、PA,其中PROFIBUS-DP是一种优化的高速通信连接,应用最为广泛。本文旨在设计一款高速通用的PROFIBUS-DP从站接口,从而使普通的设备可以方便地挂接到总线上。
本文首先对PROFIBUS-DP的总线通信原理进行了分析,并以此为依据,探讨从站的软硬件设计,以模块化的设计思想为指导,重点阐述PROFIBUS-DP协议专用芯片、单片机、双口RAM及其他芯片的选型、电路和软件设计,然后分析PROFIBUS-DP的报文格式以及在网络传递中的延时特性。实验证明,在搭建的PROFIBUS通信网络中,所开发的从站接口能够实现与主站的高速并行数据通信,而且性能稳定、通用性较好。
Fieldbus control system (FCS) is becoming the new generation control system after the distributed control system (DCS), which is one of the focuses in the control field now. But so far, an authoritative standard has not been setup, isolation also exists in the field of automation. PROFIBUS is one of the most popular fieldbuses currently which consist of FMS、DP、PA, and among these, as a optimized high speed connection PROFIBUS-DP is widely applied. The objective of the research is to design a high-speed and universal slave interface for PROFIBUS-DP, so an ordinary device can be connected on this bus conveniently.
First, the communication principle of PROFIBUS-DP is analyzed in this thesis. According to the principle, the hardware and software design of the slave is deeply described. Under the guidance of modular design concept,elucidate how to choose application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for PROFIBUS-DP、MCU、DPRAM and other chips. The design of circuit and the approach of software are described. Then, the message format of PROFIBUS-DP and the Network Time-delay Property is analyzed. It is proved that the slave interface can achieve reliable high-speed communication with master station and have stable performance and good universality in Communication Network of PROFIBUS.
本文首先对PROFIBUS-DP的总线通信原理进行了分析,并以此为依据,探讨从站的软硬件设计,以模块化的设计思想为指导,重点阐述PROFIBUS-DP协议专用芯片、单片机、双口RAM及其他芯片的选型、电路和软件设计,然后分析PROFIBUS-DP的报文格式以及在网络传递中的延时特性。实验证明,在搭建的PROFIBUS通信网络中,所开发的从站接口能够实现与主站的高速并行数据通信,而且性能稳定、通用性较好。
Fieldbus control system (FCS) is becoming the new generation control system after the distributed control system (DCS), which is one of the focuses in the control field now. But so far, an authoritative standard has not been setup, isolation also exists in the field of automation. PROFIBUS is one of the most popular fieldbuses currently which consist of FMS、DP、PA, and among these, as a optimized high speed connection PROFIBUS-DP is widely applied. The objective of the research is to design a high-speed and universal slave interface for PROFIBUS-DP, so an ordinary device can be connected on this bus conveniently.
First, the communication principle of PROFIBUS-DP is analyzed in this thesis. According to the principle, the hardware and software design of the slave is deeply described. Under the guidance of modular design concept,elucidate how to choose application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for PROFIBUS-DP、MCU、DPRAM and other chips. The design of circuit and the approach of software are described. Then, the message format of PROFIBUS-DP and the Network Time-delay Property is analyzed. It is proved that the slave interface can achieve reliable high-speed communication with master station and have stable performance and good universality in Communication Network of PROFIBUS.
引文
[1] 阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,1999.
[2] 李晓冬. PROFIBUS-DP 现场总线 ASIC 芯片的开发及应用:[硕士学位论文].河北工业大学,2005.3.
[3] 张晓刚.基于 PROFIBUS 现场总线控制系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学,2003.1.
[4] 魏军.PROFIBUS 总线技术的研究及监控系统的实现:[硕士学位论文]. 南京航空航天大学,2004.2.
[5] 惠敦炎.PROFIBUS 开放,通用和标准的现场总线.世界仪表与自动化,1999,VOL.3 No.3:28～48.
[6] 唐济扬.基于现场总线技术的先进控制系统.制造业自动化,2000 ,VOL.22 No.7:31～35.
[7] 测量和控制数字数据通信工业控制系统用现场总结第 3 部分(PROFIBUS 规范) .JB/T 10308.3-2001. eqv IEC61158 Type3-2000.北京:机械工业出版社.
[8] 唐济扬.PROFIBUS 产品开发及总线技术.北京:中国现场总线(PROFIBUS)资格认证中心,北京鼎实创新科技有限公司,2003:1～117.
[9] 郭彦青. 基于 PROFIBUS-DP 的智能从站开发:[硕士学位论文]. 中北大学,2006.3.
[10] 孙鹤旭,梁涛,云利军.PROFIBUS 现场总线控制系统的设计与开发.国防工业出版社,2007.
[11] 李正军,现场总线及其应用技术,北京,机械工业出版社,2005:300～320.
[12] 梁传波. PROFIBUS-DP 现场总线多功能从站设计:[硕士学位论文]. 南京航空航天大学,2006.2.
[13] 高华. PROFIBUS_DP 技术研究及其通信接口的开发:[硕士学位论文].中北大学,2005.2.
[14] 王征. RS232/PROFIBUS-DP 从站接口设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].清华大学,2004.6.
[15] 缪学勒.现场总线标准现状与发展.世界仪表与自动化,2000,Vol.4(3):10～15.
[16] 陈浩. 基于 Profibus_DP 现场总线智能从站的开发与研究.机械科学研究院,2006.4.
[17] 西门子公司.西门子 PROFIBUS 接口部件资料,2001.
[18] SIMATIC NET SPC3 HARDWARE User Description Date,Germany:SIENIENS 05/22/1997.
[19] 王平,王双庆,邢建春,等.Profibus 现场总线智能从站通信接口设计.工业仪表与自动化装置,2002,(1):26~28.
[20] 古名万,王晶晶.使用 SPC3 设计 PROFIBUS-DP 智能从站.仪表技术,2003.6,Vol.13(4):32～33,
[21] 宏晶科技. STC89C51RC-RD+系列单片机器件手册.2006.4.
[22] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation.2Kx8 Dual-Port Static RAM.1997.3.
[23] SN75ALS176, SN75ALS176A, SN75ALS176B DIFFERENTIAL BUS TRANSCEIVERS.
[24] High CMR, High Speed TTL Compatible Optocouplers Technical Data.
[25] SIMATIC NET SPC3 Semens PROFIBUS-DP Controller with C31 Core,Gemany:SIEMENS,2000.
[26] SIMATIC NET SPC3 and DPS2 UserDescription,Gemany:SIEMENS,1999.
[27] SlMATIC NET SPC3 Siemens PROFlBUS Controller,Gemany:SIEMENS,1996.
[28] 8-bit 80C5lXA (Extended Architecture)Micro controllers Data Handbook,PHILIPS 1995.
[29] 80C51 8-bit Flash microcontroller family 16KB/32KB/64KB ISP/IAP Flash with 512B/512B/1KB RAM.PHILIPS 1995.
[30] SIMATIC NET SPC3 SOFTWARE UserDescription Date. Germany:SIENIENS 05/22/1997.
[31] 汤志彪. 基于 PROFIBUS_DP 现场总线的智能流量传感器接口的研发:[硕士学位论文].南昌大学.2006.6.
[32] GSD-Specification for PROFIBUS-DP GSD Revision 2 Versionl.0,Germany:SIEMENS October 1998.
[33] 姜影. 现场总线技术及基于 PROFIBUS_DP 的从站智能节点的设计:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨工程大学,2006.3.
[34] 王云泽.网络控制系统的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文]..华北电力大学,2006.1.
[35] 云利军.网络化运动控制系统行为特性的研究:[博士学位论文].河北工业大学,2006.5.
[36] JIMMY KIN CHEONG SO.Delay modeling and controller design for networked control systems. University of Toronto,2003.9.
[37] 中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室. 中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室章程.
[38] CPPTL-中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室.客户测试指南.
[2] 李晓冬. PROFIBUS-DP 现场总线 ASIC 芯片的开发及应用:[硕士学位论文].河北工业大学,2005.3.
[3] 张晓刚.基于 PROFIBUS 现场总线控制系统的研究与开发:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学,2003.1.
[4] 魏军.PROFIBUS 总线技术的研究及监控系统的实现:[硕士学位论文]. 南京航空航天大学,2004.2.
[5] 惠敦炎.PROFIBUS 开放,通用和标准的现场总线.世界仪表与自动化,1999,VOL.3 No.3:28～48.
[6] 唐济扬.基于现场总线技术的先进控制系统.制造业自动化,2000 ,VOL.22 No.7:31～35.
[7] 测量和控制数字数据通信工业控制系统用现场总结第 3 部分(PROFIBUS 规范) .JB/T 10308.3-2001. eqv IEC61158 Type3-2000.北京:机械工业出版社.
[8] 唐济扬.PROFIBUS 产品开发及总线技术.北京:中国现场总线(PROFIBUS)资格认证中心,北京鼎实创新科技有限公司,2003:1～117.
[9] 郭彦青. 基于 PROFIBUS-DP 的智能从站开发:[硕士学位论文]. 中北大学,2006.3.
[10] 孙鹤旭,梁涛,云利军.PROFIBUS 现场总线控制系统的设计与开发.国防工业出版社,2007.
[11] 李正军,现场总线及其应用技术,北京,机械工业出版社,2005:300～320.
[12] 梁传波. PROFIBUS-DP 现场总线多功能从站设计:[硕士学位论文]. 南京航空航天大学,2006.2.
[13] 高华. PROFIBUS_DP 技术研究及其通信接口的开发:[硕士学位论文].中北大学,2005.2.
[14] 王征. RS232/PROFIBUS-DP 从站接口设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].清华大学,2004.6.
[15] 缪学勒.现场总线标准现状与发展.世界仪表与自动化,2000,Vol.4(3):10～15.
[16] 陈浩. 基于 Profibus_DP 现场总线智能从站的开发与研究.机械科学研究院,2006.4.
[17] 西门子公司.西门子 PROFIBUS 接口部件资料,2001.
[18] SIMATIC NET SPC3 HARDWARE User Description Date,Germany:SIENIENS 05/22/1997.
[19] 王平,王双庆,邢建春,等.Profibus 现场总线智能从站通信接口设计.工业仪表与自动化装置,2002,(1):26~28.
[20] 古名万,王晶晶.使用 SPC3 设计 PROFIBUS-DP 智能从站.仪表技术,2003.6,Vol.13(4):32～33,
[21] 宏晶科技. STC89C51RC-RD+系列单片机器件手册.2006.4.
[22] Cypress Semiconductor Corporation.2Kx8 Dual-Port Static RAM.1997.3.
[23] SN75ALS176, SN75ALS176A, SN75ALS176B DIFFERENTIAL BUS TRANSCEIVERS.
[24] High CMR, High Speed TTL Compatible Optocouplers Technical Data.
[25] SIMATIC NET SPC3 Semens PROFIBUS-DP Controller with C31 Core,Gemany:SIEMENS,2000.
[26] SIMATIC NET SPC3 and DPS2 UserDescription,Gemany:SIEMENS,1999.
[27] SlMATIC NET SPC3 Siemens PROFlBUS Controller,Gemany:SIEMENS,1996.
[28] 8-bit 80C5lXA (Extended Architecture)Micro controllers Data Handbook,PHILIPS 1995.
[29] 80C51 8-bit Flash microcontroller family 16KB/32KB/64KB ISP/IAP Flash with 512B/512B/1KB RAM.PHILIPS 1995.
[30] SIMATIC NET SPC3 SOFTWARE UserDescription Date. Germany:SIENIENS 05/22/1997.
[31] 汤志彪. 基于 PROFIBUS_DP 现场总线的智能流量传感器接口的研发:[硕士学位论文].南昌大学.2006.6.
[32] GSD-Specification for PROFIBUS-DP GSD Revision 2 Versionl.0,Germany:SIEMENS October 1998.
[33] 姜影. 现场总线技术及基于 PROFIBUS_DP 的从站智能节点的设计:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨工程大学,2006.3.
[34] 王云泽.网络控制系统的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文]..华北电力大学,2006.1.
[35] 云利军.网络化运动控制系统行为特性的研究:[博士学位论文].河北工业大学,2006.5.
[36] JIMMY KIN CHEONG SO.Delay modeling and controller design for networked control systems. University of Toronto,2003.9.
[37] 中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室. 中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室章程.
[38] CPPTL-中国 PROFIBUS 产品测试实验室.客户测试指南.