自由贸易协定中的贸易救济问题研究
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摘要
在经济全球化的背景下,以自贸区为主的区域贸易安排迅速发展,与世界贸易组织并行推进世界贸易自由化,并将成为改变世界经济贸易格局的重要力量。主要国家通过建立自贸区开拓经贸发展空间,实施外交、安全战略。我国顺应国际趋势,积极推进自贸区商建工作,将建立自贸区作为进一步扩大对外开放的重要举措。自贸区在为缔约方带来经济、政治利益的同时,也极有可能给缔约方的敏感产业造成压力或冲击。反倾销、反补贴和保障措施是WTO成员在多边贸易自由化进程中应对进口产品冲击的常用手段,是成员对外贸易法律和政策的重要组成部分。在区域贸易自由化中,这些贸易救济措施同样受到成员的重视,贸易救济是成员签署的自贸协定中不可或缺的内容。
本文作者结合从事贸易救济调查和参加自贸区谈判的经验,对自贸协定中的贸易救济问题进行研究。首先分析了WTO贸易救济措施的法律规范、特点和使用情况,为理解主要成员在自贸协定下如何制定贸易救济规则打下基础;其次分析了自贸区的发展趋势及影响,揭示了贸易救济措施在建立自贸区进程中的作用;再次,运用比较研究的方法,对世界主要国家地区在自贸协定中对贸易救济措施采取的处理方法和原因进行分析,对我国在商建自贸区过程中如何妥善运用贸易救济规则维护出口利益、防范进口冲击提出建议。
With the development of globalization, regional trade agreements flourish and become an important force in promoting world trade as the World Trade Organization (WTO). Major players among WTO members use free trade agreements (FTAs) as a strategy to expand trade spaces and a tool to serve foreign policy and safety policy. China follows the trend and pursues FTAs vigorously and treats FTAs as a step to further implementing its open……door policy. FTAs can not only bring economic and political benefits to its members, but also bring pressure and confrontation to its sensitive sectors. Anti……dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures are measures frequently used by WTO members in coping with import pressure in multilateral trade liberalization process and are important part of member’s foreign trade legislation and policy. Trade remedy measures receive the same regard in regional trade liberalization and are an integrated part in FTAs.
The author focus on trade remedy issues in FTAs with her experience in trade remedy investigation and FTAs negotiation. The study starts with the introduction about the legal matters relating to WTO trade remedy measures, aims to provide a background to understanding the trade remedy rules stipulated by members in FTAs. The study analyses the regional integration trend and its effect on member’s economy, uses comparative method in analysis how major players treat trade remedy measures in its FTAs. The study makes several proposals with regard to use trade remedy rules to protect China’s interests and avoid negative impacts.
本文作者结合从事贸易救济调查和参加自贸区谈判的经验,对自贸协定中的贸易救济问题进行研究。首先分析了WTO贸易救济措施的法律规范、特点和使用情况,为理解主要成员在自贸协定下如何制定贸易救济规则打下基础;其次分析了自贸区的发展趋势及影响,揭示了贸易救济措施在建立自贸区进程中的作用;再次,运用比较研究的方法,对世界主要国家地区在自贸协定中对贸易救济措施采取的处理方法和原因进行分析,对我国在商建自贸区过程中如何妥善运用贸易救济规则维护出口利益、防范进口冲击提出建议。
With the development of globalization, regional trade agreements flourish and become an important force in promoting world trade as the World Trade Organization (WTO). Major players among WTO members use free trade agreements (FTAs) as a strategy to expand trade spaces and a tool to serve foreign policy and safety policy. China follows the trend and pursues FTAs vigorously and treats FTAs as a step to further implementing its open……door policy. FTAs can not only bring economic and political benefits to its members, but also bring pressure and confrontation to its sensitive sectors. Anti……dumping, countervailing and safeguard measures are measures frequently used by WTO members in coping with import pressure in multilateral trade liberalization process and are important part of member’s foreign trade legislation and policy. Trade remedy measures receive the same regard in regional trade liberalization and are an integrated part in FTAs.
The author focus on trade remedy issues in FTAs with her experience in trade remedy investigation and FTAs negotiation. The study starts with the introduction about the legal matters relating to WTO trade remedy measures, aims to provide a background to understanding the trade remedy rules stipulated by members in FTAs. The study analyses the regional integration trend and its effect on member’s economy, uses comparative method in analysis how major players treat trade remedy measures in its FTAs. The study makes several proposals with regard to use trade remedy rules to protect China’s interests and avoid negative impacts.
引文
1.对外贸易经济合作部国际经贸关系司译:《世界贸易组织乌拉圭回合多边贸易谈判结果法律文本》,法律出版社 2000 年版。
2.高永富等著:《WTO 与反倾销、反补贴争端》,上海人民出版社,2001 年版。
3.龚宇著:《WTO 农产品贸易法律制度研究》,厦门大学出版社 2005 年版。
4.慕亚平、李伯侨等著:《区域经济一体化与 CEPA 的法律问题研究》,法律出版社 2005年版。
5.尚明编著:《反倾销:WTO 规则及中外法律与实践》,法律出版社 2003 年版。
6.沈四宝、王军、丁丁主编《国际商法论文集》,对外经济贸易大学出版,2005 年版。
7.宋和平主编:《反倾销法律制度概论》,中国检察出版社,2003 年版。
8.佟家栋著:《贸易自由化、贸易保护与经济利益》,经济科学出版社 2002 年版。
9.王贵国著:《世界贸易组织法》,法律出版社,2003 年版。
10.王贵国主编:《区域安排法律问题研究》,北京大学出版社 2004 年版。
11.赵维田著:《世贸组织(WTO)的法律制度》,吉林人民出版社 2000 年版。
12.张汉林等著:《WTO 与农产品贸易争端》,上海人民出版社 2001 年版。
13.张向晨著:《发展中国家与 WTO 的政治经济关系》,法律出版社,2000 年版。
14.张玉卿主编:《WTO 新回合法律问题研究》,中国商务出版社,2004 年版。
15.朱榄叶编著:《世界贸易组织国际贸易纠纷案例评析:1995-2002》,法律出版社2003 年版。
16.左海聪主编:《1994 年关贸总协定逐条释义》,湖南科学技术出版社 2005 年版。
1.Alvin HIlaire and Yongzheng Yang, The United States and the New Regionalism/Bilateralism,”Journal of World Trade, 38(4),603-625, 2004.
2.Bernard Hoekman, Michael Kostecki, The Political Economy of the World Trading System, Oxford University Press, 1995.
3.Jo-Ann Crawford and Roberto V. Fiorentino, The Changing Landscape of Regional Trade Agreements, WTO Committee on Regional Trade Agreement.
4.Mapping of Regional Trade Agreements, note by secretariat, WTO committee on Regional Trade Agreements, WT/REG/W/41, 11, October, 2000.
5.Nozimi Sagara, Provisions for Trade Remedy Measures (Anti-dumping, Countervailing and Safeguard Measures) in Preferential Trade Agreements, RIETI Discussion Paper Series 02-E-13, September, 2002.
2.高永富等著:《WTO 与反倾销、反补贴争端》,上海人民出版社,2001 年版。
3.龚宇著:《WTO 农产品贸易法律制度研究》,厦门大学出版社 2005 年版。
4.慕亚平、李伯侨等著:《区域经济一体化与 CEPA 的法律问题研究》,法律出版社 2005年版。
5.尚明编著:《反倾销:WTO 规则及中外法律与实践》,法律出版社 2003 年版。
6.沈四宝、王军、丁丁主编《国际商法论文集》,对外经济贸易大学出版,2005 年版。
7.宋和平主编:《反倾销法律制度概论》,中国检察出版社,2003 年版。
8.佟家栋著:《贸易自由化、贸易保护与经济利益》,经济科学出版社 2002 年版。
9.王贵国著:《世界贸易组织法》,法律出版社,2003 年版。
10.王贵国主编:《区域安排法律问题研究》,北京大学出版社 2004 年版。
11.赵维田著:《世贸组织(WTO)的法律制度》,吉林人民出版社 2000 年版。
12.张汉林等著:《WTO 与农产品贸易争端》,上海人民出版社 2001 年版。
13.张向晨著:《发展中国家与 WTO 的政治经济关系》,法律出版社,2000 年版。
14.张玉卿主编:《WTO 新回合法律问题研究》,中国商务出版社,2004 年版。
15.朱榄叶编著:《世界贸易组织国际贸易纠纷案例评析:1995-2002》,法律出版社2003 年版。
16.左海聪主编:《1994 年关贸总协定逐条释义》,湖南科学技术出版社 2005 年版。
1.Alvin HIlaire and Yongzheng Yang, The United States and the New Regionalism/Bilateralism,”Journal of World Trade, 38(4),603-625, 2004.
2.Bernard Hoekman, Michael Kostecki, The Political Economy of the World Trading System, Oxford University Press, 1995.
3.Jo-Ann Crawford and Roberto V. Fiorentino, The Changing Landscape of Regional Trade Agreements, WTO Committee on Regional Trade Agreement.
4.Mapping of Regional Trade Agreements, note by secretariat, WTO committee on Regional Trade Agreements, WT/REG/W/41, 11, October, 2000.
5.Nozimi Sagara, Provisions for Trade Remedy Measures (Anti-dumping, Countervailing and Safeguard Measures) in Preferential Trade Agreements, RIETI Discussion Paper Series 02-E-13, September, 2002.