股四头肌疲劳前后反应时及表面肌电图的变化特征
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摘要
研究目的:股四头肌是伸膝装置的主要结构,股四头肌的肌力平衡对髌股关节接触应力和分布状态以及髌骨运动轨迹等均有较大影响。本研究采用等速测力系统与肌电图技术,对膝关节在不同运动模式,股四头肌疲劳前后的表面肌电图和动作反应时变化进行分析,目的为进一步揭示股四头肌在膝关节运动中的作用规律提供理论依据。
研究方法:受试者为12名男性青年,利用CON-TREX等速肌力测试系统,对受试者在不同运动模式进行疲劳测试,同时对股直肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌进行表面肌电信号的采集与记录,分析股四头肌在不同运动模式疲劳前后动作反应时及其表面肌电图的iEMG和MF变化。
研究结果:(1)股四头肌疲劳后的iEMG和MF均明显低于疲劳前水平,统计学分析呈显著性差异(p<0.05或p<0.01);(2)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉RT值变大(p<0.01),向心疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了81.08ms,离心疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了81.71ms,等长疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了67.82ms;(3)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉PMT值变大(p<0.01),股内侧肌离心疲劳模式疲劳后PMT增幅最大,即刻10s比疲劳前增加了110.03ms,股直肌等长疲劳模式疲劳后PMT增幅最小,即刻10s比疲劳前增加了79.91ms;(4)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉EMD值变小(p<0.01),等长疲劳模式疲劳后股内侧肌的EMD值降幅最大,在3min时段下降了39.54ms,等长疲劳模式疲劳后股直肌的EMD值降幅最小,在10min时段下降了13.81ms。
研究结论:(1)股四头肌疲劳导致膝关节伸膝力量下降状态下、以股内侧肌表面肌电图的iEMG和MF变化最为明显;(2)伸膝运动时股四头肌群中股内侧肌产生动作电位时间,明显快于股外侧肌和股直肌;(3)股四头肌RT的延长,主要是受PMT的影响。
Objective: Quadriceps femoris are the main knee extensors. Muscle balance of them has a great impact on the contact stress and the distribution state of the patellofemoral joint, and on patella trajectory as well. In this study, effects of different fatigue modes on reaction time and sEMG, are investigated, In order to provide a theoretical basis for further revealing the quadriceps activity patterns of the knee joint.
Methods: The knees of 12 male subjects were tested in this study. The CON-TREX isokinetic dynamometer and the biovision system were synchronously used to collect peak torque, the angle of the joint and sEMG of rectus femoris(RF), vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) during the different fatigue modes. The action time, iEMG and median frequency(MF) of sEMG were the dependent variables before and after the exercise .
Results: (1) During exercise, iEMG and MF of the quadriceps decreased significantly(P <0.05orP <0.01).(2) The RT of quadriceps femoris are higher significantly after than before exercise, 81.08ms higher immediately after than before concentric exercise (p < 0.01), 81.71ms higher immediately after than before eccentric exercise, 67.82ms higher immediately after than before isometric exercise. (3) The PMT of quadriceps muscle increases significantly after exercise (p < 0.01) . The Vastus medialis’is 110.03ms more higher after than before eccentric exercise, The Rectus femoris’is 79.91ms higher after than before isometric exercise, but the growth is the smallest(.4) The EMD of the quadriceps decreased after exercise (p < 0.01). The Vastus medialis’is 39.54ms lower within 3min after than before isometric exercise, and the decline is the highest. The Rectus femoris’is 13.81ms lower within 10min after than before isometric exercise, and the decline is the lowest.
Conclusion:(1) iEMG and MF of Vastus medialis muscle of sEMG change most obviously among the quadriceps after than before exercise(.2) During the extension of the knee joint, the generation of action potential in Vastus medialis muscle is earliest among the quadriceps.(3) The RT of the quadriceps is mainly dependent on PMT.
研究方法:受试者为12名男性青年,利用CON-TREX等速肌力测试系统,对受试者在不同运动模式进行疲劳测试,同时对股直肌、股内侧肌、股外侧肌进行表面肌电信号的采集与记录,分析股四头肌在不同运动模式疲劳前后动作反应时及其表面肌电图的iEMG和MF变化。
研究结果:(1)股四头肌疲劳后的iEMG和MF均明显低于疲劳前水平,统计学分析呈显著性差异(p<0.05或p<0.01);(2)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉RT值变大(p<0.01),向心疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了81.08ms,离心疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了81.71ms,等长疲劳模式疲劳后即刻10s比疲劳前增加了67.82ms;(3)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉PMT值变大(p<0.01),股内侧肌离心疲劳模式疲劳后PMT增幅最大,即刻10s比疲劳前增加了110.03ms,股直肌等长疲劳模式疲劳后PMT增幅最小,即刻10s比疲劳前增加了79.91ms;(4)不同运动模式疲劳后股四头肌各肌肉EMD值变小(p<0.01),等长疲劳模式疲劳后股内侧肌的EMD值降幅最大,在3min时段下降了39.54ms,等长疲劳模式疲劳后股直肌的EMD值降幅最小,在10min时段下降了13.81ms。
研究结论:(1)股四头肌疲劳导致膝关节伸膝力量下降状态下、以股内侧肌表面肌电图的iEMG和MF变化最为明显;(2)伸膝运动时股四头肌群中股内侧肌产生动作电位时间,明显快于股外侧肌和股直肌;(3)股四头肌RT的延长,主要是受PMT的影响。
Objective: Quadriceps femoris are the main knee extensors. Muscle balance of them has a great impact on the contact stress and the distribution state of the patellofemoral joint, and on patella trajectory as well. In this study, effects of different fatigue modes on reaction time and sEMG, are investigated, In order to provide a theoretical basis for further revealing the quadriceps activity patterns of the knee joint.
Methods: The knees of 12 male subjects were tested in this study. The CON-TREX isokinetic dynamometer and the biovision system were synchronously used to collect peak torque, the angle of the joint and sEMG of rectus femoris(RF), vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) during the different fatigue modes. The action time, iEMG and median frequency(MF) of sEMG were the dependent variables before and after the exercise .
Results: (1) During exercise, iEMG and MF of the quadriceps decreased significantly(P <0.05orP <0.01).(2) The RT of quadriceps femoris are higher significantly after than before exercise, 81.08ms higher immediately after than before concentric exercise (p < 0.01), 81.71ms higher immediately after than before eccentric exercise, 67.82ms higher immediately after than before isometric exercise. (3) The PMT of quadriceps muscle increases significantly after exercise (p < 0.01) . The Vastus medialis’is 110.03ms more higher after than before eccentric exercise, The Rectus femoris’is 79.91ms higher after than before isometric exercise, but the growth is the smallest(.4) The EMD of the quadriceps decreased after exercise (p < 0.01). The Vastus medialis’is 39.54ms lower within 3min after than before isometric exercise, and the decline is the highest. The Rectus femoris’is 13.81ms lower within 10min after than before isometric exercise, and the decline is the lowest.
Conclusion:(1) iEMG and MF of Vastus medialis muscle of sEMG change most obviously among the quadriceps after than before exercise(.2) During the extension of the knee joint, the generation of action potential in Vastus medialis muscle is earliest among the quadriceps.(3) The RT of the quadriceps is mainly dependent on PMT.
引文
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[2]吴毅.等速肌肉功能测试和训练技术的基本原理和方法[J].中国康复医学杂志, 1999, 14(1):44-47.
[3]Farina D, Fosci M, Melletti R.Motor unit recruitment strategies invesmentigated by surface EMG variables[J]. J ApplPhysicals , 2002, 92(1):235-247.
[4]Webber, CLet. al.Influence of isometric loading on biceps EMG dynamics as assessed by linear and nonlinear tools[J], J. Appl Physiol, 1995, 78(3):814～822.
[5]李青青,吴宗耀.股内侧肌疲劳时表面肌电信号特征研究[J].中国运动医学杂志, 2006, 25(5):547-555.
[6]崔玉鹏.膝关节三种速度等速运动及疲劳时周围肌肉的表面肌电研究[D].首都体育学院硕士论文, 2006.
[7]杨晓晔.表面肌电对青年男子股四头肌的疲劳评价[D].北京体育大学硕士论文, 2004.
[8]孙栋,戴慧寒,蔡奇芳.脑卒中偏瘫患者股直肌和股二头肌的表面肌电信号特征[J].中国康复医学杂志, 2008, 23(3):256-258.
[9]俞晓杰,吴毅,胡永善等.膝关节骨关节炎患者膝屈伸肌的表面肌电信号研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2006, 28(6):402-405.
[10]张原. 400m跑下肢肌电活动规律探讨[J].武汉体育学院学报, 2008, 42(6):84-88.
[11]白雪岭,王洪生,张希安.男子下蹲式抓举技术动作的生物力学特征分析[J].医用生物力学, 2008, 23(2):119-121.
[12]聂金雷,张勇.运动性疲劳的肌电图特征[J].天津体育学院学报, 2000, 15(2):48-51.
[13]王瑞元,卢鼎厚.极限负荷斜蹲过程中股外肌肌电信号变化及针刺和静力牵张对其恢复过程的影响[J].北京体育学院学报, 1991, (3):29-36.
[14]Bouissou, P, et al. EMG Frequency Spectrum and Intramuscular PH in HumanVastus Lateralis Muscle during Dynamic Exercises[J]. J Appl, Physiol, 1989, 67(3):1245-1249.
[15]Wiles C, Fatigue in Human Metabolic Myopathy Porter R, Whelan J, Human Muscle Fatigue, Physiologic Mechanism[M]. London:Pit-man, 1981, 264-282.
[16]罗小兵,马建.肌电图在运动性肌肉疲劳研究中的应用现状[J].成都体育学院学报, 1999, 25(4):66-70.
[17]Sparto PJ et al. Wavelet analusis of electromyography for back muscle fatigue detectionduring constant torque exertion[J]. Biomed Sci Instrum. 1997, 33:82-87.
[18]Petrofsky J S, Computer analysis of the surface EMG duringisometric exercises[J]. Compue Biol Med, 1980, 10:83.
[19]王健.等长负荷诱发腰部脊竖肌疲劳时SEMG的变化[J].中国体育科技, 2000, l2(36):17~18.
[20]Kilbom A, Gamberale F, Persson J, et al. Physiological andpsychological indices of fatigue during static contractions[J]. EurJAppl, 1983, 50(2):179~193.
[21]Bendahan D, Jammes Y, Salvan A M, et al. Combinedelectromyography 31p-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study ofhuman muscle fatigue during static contraction[J]. Muscle Nerve, 1996, 19(6):715~721.
[22]Orizio C, Perini R, Veicsteinas A, et al. Changes of muscular soundduring sustained isometric contraction up to exhaustion[J]. JapplPhysiol, 1989, 66(4):1593~1 598.
[23]Roy S H, Bonato P, Knaflitz M, et al. EMG assessment of back musclefunction during cyclical lifting[J]. J Eleectromogr Kinesiol, 1998, 8(4):233~245.
[24]Crenshaw A G, Karsson S, Gerdle B, et al. differential responsesin intramuscular pressure and EMG fatigue indicators during low-vshigh-level isometric contractions to fatigue[J]. Acta Physiol Scand, 1997, 160(4):353-361.
[25]Wretling M L, Henriksson-larsen K, et al. Inter-relationship betweenmuscle morphology, mechanical output and EMG activity duringfatiguing[J]. Eur JAppl PhySiol, 1997, 76(6):483~490.
[26]Gerdle B, Eler J, et al. The temporal occurrencc of the MPF shift of theEMGduring maximum prolonged dynamic and static workingcycles[J]. Int J Sport Med, 1994, 15(1):32~37.
[27]Van Dieen J H, Boke B, Oosterhuis W, et a1. The influence oftorque and velocity on erector spine muscle fatigue and its relationshipto change of EMG spectrum density[J]. Eur JAPPL Physiol, 1996, 72(4):310~315.
[28]马启伟,张力为.体育运动心理学[M].杭州:浙江教育出版社, 1998, 287-390.
[29]Salthouse TA. The processing-speed theory of adult age differences incognition[J]. Psychol Rev. 1996. 103:403-428.
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