装备模块化设计中的模块创建研究
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摘要
模块创建是装备模块化设计中的核心环节,其主要任务是要设计出标准化、通用化和系列化的模块,满足装备基型设计、变型设计以及组合设计的要求。就这一核心任务,针对模块创建展开研究并取得如下成果:
(1)研究了基于特征的模块描述模型,提出了模块族的概念,设计了模块族特征参数模型,构建了模块族配置模型。
(2)对模块创建总体方案进行设计,提出了模块创建的三种模式:创成式模块创建、重用式模块创建和配置式模块创建。针对创成式模块创建,按照系统工程理论和设计方法学,描述了完整的设计流程,详细探讨了模块功能设计、模块结构设计和模块接口设计;针对重用式模块创建,采用基于实例的设计方法,提出两种模块重用机制:模块参数检索和模块知识推理,最终实现了模块重用设计;针对配置式模块创建,提出了模块配置空间的概念,并利用QFD方法建立从用户需求到模块族特征参数的两级映射,基于相似度计算模型依模块族特征参数检索模块,完成模块配置空间的构建,并以此作为配置方案确立的依据。
(3)探讨了模块标准化设计、通用化设计和系列化设计的理论基础和实现方法。
(4)综合上述研究的理论与方法,描述了模块创建支持系统的设计开发,并分析了初步应用效果。
Module construction which is the major task in modular design of military equipments, is aimed at designing standard, general-utility and seriate modules which fulfil the requirements of basic design, variant design and unitized design. According to above task, the main work of the dissertation are as follows:(1)Based on the module feature model, this paper brings forward the conception of module family, puts forward the feature parameter model of module family, and discusses the module family configuration model.(2)The basic scheme of module construction is designed which includes three modes.-generative module construction, reusable module construction and configurable module construction. For generative module construction, a whole process is firstly offered according to system engineering and design methodology, and a detailed description on module functional design and module structural design is then given, the design of module interfaces is finally discussed. For reusable module construction, the thought of Case-Based design is adopted and two modes are introduced: searching modules by module parameters and reasoning modules by module knowledge, both of which efficiently support retrieving similar modules for modification and reuse. For configurable module construction, the conception of module configuration space is put forward which can be acquired through double level mapping from customer requirements to the feature parameters of module family by QFD method and retrieving modules by the feature parameters of module family on the ground of similarity metric model, thus the configuration scheme is constructed with the help of module configuration space.(3)The theories and methods of module standardization, generalization and seriation are discussed.(4)Based on above theories and methods, the module construction system is designed and developed. And the application effect of the system is also analyzed.
(1)研究了基于特征的模块描述模型,提出了模块族的概念,设计了模块族特征参数模型,构建了模块族配置模型。
(2)对模块创建总体方案进行设计,提出了模块创建的三种模式:创成式模块创建、重用式模块创建和配置式模块创建。针对创成式模块创建,按照系统工程理论和设计方法学,描述了完整的设计流程,详细探讨了模块功能设计、模块结构设计和模块接口设计;针对重用式模块创建,采用基于实例的设计方法,提出两种模块重用机制:模块参数检索和模块知识推理,最终实现了模块重用设计;针对配置式模块创建,提出了模块配置空间的概念,并利用QFD方法建立从用户需求到模块族特征参数的两级映射,基于相似度计算模型依模块族特征参数检索模块,完成模块配置空间的构建,并以此作为配置方案确立的依据。
(3)探讨了模块标准化设计、通用化设计和系列化设计的理论基础和实现方法。
(4)综合上述研究的理论与方法,描述了模块创建支持系统的设计开发,并分析了初步应用效果。
Module construction which is the major task in modular design of military equipments, is aimed at designing standard, general-utility and seriate modules which fulfil the requirements of basic design, variant design and unitized design. According to above task, the main work of the dissertation are as follows:(1)Based on the module feature model, this paper brings forward the conception of module family, puts forward the feature parameter model of module family, and discusses the module family configuration model.(2)The basic scheme of module construction is designed which includes three modes.-generative module construction, reusable module construction and configurable module construction. For generative module construction, a whole process is firstly offered according to system engineering and design methodology, and a detailed description on module functional design and module structural design is then given, the design of module interfaces is finally discussed. For reusable module construction, the thought of Case-Based design is adopted and two modes are introduced: searching modules by module parameters and reasoning modules by module knowledge, both of which efficiently support retrieving similar modules for modification and reuse. For configurable module construction, the conception of module configuration space is put forward which can be acquired through double level mapping from customer requirements to the feature parameters of module family by QFD method and retrieving modules by the feature parameters of module family on the ground of similarity metric model, thus the configuration scheme is constructed with the help of module configuration space.(3)The theories and methods of module standardization, generalization and seriation are discussed.(4)Based on above theories and methods, the module construction system is designed and developed. And the application effect of the system is also analyzed.
引文
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[2] 王晓民译.美国陆军的模块化武器系统.轻兵器,1998.2
[3] 刘江平.从近海防御走向远洋作战德国海军奔向2005型.解放军报,2001.09.19
[4] Suh N P. The Principle of Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990
[5] Ulrich K, Tung K. Fundamentals of product Modularity. Issues in Design/Manufacturing Integration, 1991 : 73～80
[6] 侯亮,唐任仲,徐燕申.产品模块化设计理论、技术与应用研究进展.机械工程学报,2004.1,40(1):56～61
[7] Sub N P. Axiomatic design theory for system. Research in Engineer Design, 1998(10): 189～209
[8] 宋慧军,林志航.产品概念设计方案生产模型.计算机集成制造系统—CIMS,2002.5,8(5):342～346
[9] 宋慧军,林志航.公理化设计支持的概念设计产品模型.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2002.7,14(7):632～636
[10] Robert B. Stone, Kristin L. Wood, Richard H. Crawford. A heuristic method for identifying modules for product architecture. Design Studies , January 2000, 21 (1): 5～31
[11] Erixon Gunnar. Modularity-the basis for product and factory reengineering. Annals of CIRP, 1996, 45(1): 1～6
[12] Robert B. Stone, Kristin L. Wood, Richard H. Crawford. Product architecture development with quantitative functional models. 1999 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference, 1999. 12:1～13
[13] 宗鸣镝,蔡颖等.产品模块化设计中的多角度、分级模块划分方法.北京理工大学学报,2003.5,23(5):552～556
[14] 杜陶钧,黄鸿.模块化设计中模块划分的分级、层次特性的讨论.制造业信息化,2003,2:50～53
[15] 潘双夏,高飞,冯培恩.批量客户化生产模式下的模块划分方法研究.机械工程学报,2003.7,39(7):1～6
[16] 高广达,徐燕申等.面向模块化设计与制造全过程的模块编码系统.天津大学学报,2001.3,34(2):183～187
[17] 侯亮,徐燕申等.基于模板模块的机械产品广义模块化设计模块编码系统.机械设计, 2002.1,专题论文:8～10
[18] 胡军军,肖人彬,周济等.面向模块的知识库管理技术.华中理工大学学报,1997.1,25(1):12～15
[19] 侯亮,唐任仲等.机械产品柔性模块化设计知识库系统的研究.浙江大学学报,2004.1,38(1):44～47
[20] Hillstrom Fredrik. Applying axiomatic design to interface analysis in modular product development. Advance inDesignAutomation, ASME, 1994, 2:363～371
[21] 唐涛,刘志峰等.绿色模块化设计方法研究.机械工程学报,2003.11,39(11):49～154
[22] 刘小鹏,张卫国,钟毅芳.机床模块化设计中的模块创建及应用.华中理工大学学报,28(5):16～17
[23] 郑辉,徐燕申等.基于KBE和CAE结合的液压机结构柔性模块创建.天津大学学报,2003.3,36(2):178～182
[24] 童时中.模块化原理设计方法及应用.北京:中国标准出版社,1999
[25] 贾延林.模块化设计.机械工业出版社,1993
[26] Thomas D. Miller, Per Elgard. Defining Modules, Modularity and Modularization. Design for Integration in Manufacturing, 1998
[27] 王隆太等.机械CAD/CAM技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2001.12
[28] 余俊.中国机械设计大典.南昌:江西科学技术出版社,2002.1
[29] 刘小鹏,张卫国,钟毅芳.机床模块化设计中的模块创建及应用.华中理工大学学报,2000,28(5):16～17
[30] 廖林清,王化培等.机械设计方法学.重庆大学出版社,1996.8
[31] G. Pahl, W. Beitz. Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach. Springer-Vedag, 1996
[32] M. J. Frence. Conceptual Design for Engineers.
[33] 徐国营.发动机模块化设计技术总体研究:[硕士学位论文].长沙:国防科技大学硕士论文,2002
[34] 张瀚,张永清,周雄辉.基于设计目录的计算机辅助概念设计系统.计算机应用系统,1999(9):24～25
[35] 杜陶钧,黄鸿.模块化设计中模块划分的分级、层次特性的讨论.制造业信息化,2003.2:50～53
[36] 宋玉银,蔡复之等.概念设计与结构设计的信息集成技术研究.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1998,38(2):51～54
[37] 刘小鹏.机床模块接口的系列化及其应用.机械与电子,2002(4):6～9
[38] 周佶,胡利民.模块接口的标准化.标准化报道,1992,13(6):13～14
[39] 郑称德.公理化设计基本理论及其应用模型.管理工程学报,2003,17(2):81～85
[40] 颜海燕,唐进元.基于CBR技术的机构创新设计系统的关键技术.机械工程师,2001.8: 5～7
[41] 王遵彤,刘战强等.相似度及基于实例推理在高速切削数据库中的应用.机械科学与技术,2003.5,22(3):431～434
[42] 吴惠中,陈定方,万耀青.机械设计专家系统研究与实践.北京:中国铁道出版社,1994
[43] 蔡自兴,徐光祜.人工智能及其应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[44] 高剑峰,蒋华,张申生.CBD关键技术研究.计算机工程,1998.6,24(6):44～46
[45] 姚向华,葛思擎,施仁.约束编程与约束满足在产品装配中的应用,2003.1,23(1):60～62
[46] 张劲松,王启富,万立,钟毅芳.基于本体的产品配置建模研究.计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2003.5,9(5):344～350
[47] 林志航.计算机辅助质量系统.机械工业出版社,1997
[48] 孔造杰,郝永敬.用权重概率综合系数法确定QFD中用户重要性.计算机集成制造-CIMS,2001.2,7(2):65～67
[49] 王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论.中国人民大学,1990
[50] 李春田.标准化概论。北京:中国人民大学出版社,1995
[51] 武器装备的通用化、系列化、组合化(模块化).船舶标准化,1996(4):2～5
[52] 王宗君.谈标准化方法.中国标准化,1999.1
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