冻结条件下岩石力学特性实验研究及工程应用
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摘要
随着煤炭需求的增加,矿井建设逐步向深井方向发展,在深厚表土或岩石中建设井筒,冻结法是较为有效的建井方法。在冻结法井筒施工中,除遇到深厚土层外,近年来也遇到了富水岩层,而我国在冻结岩石相关方面的理论研究与实践经验都比较欠缺。开展人工冻结岩石的试验研究,探讨冻结岩石的相关物理力学特性对井筒冻结设计具有重要的指导意义。
本文以陕西彬长矿区胡家河煤矿立井冻结工程为背景,选取了两种典型岩石,煤岩和砂岩,进行了系统的单轴、三轴压缩实验。通过实验,分析了煤岩和砂岩在不同冻结温度、不同受力状态条件下的力学特性和变形特性,并对他们的同一性和差异性进行了比较分析。在此基础上进一步研究了两种岩石的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和泊松比在不同低温条件下的大小和变化规律。在对砂岩的三轴实验中探讨了砂岩的三轴强度特性与围压和温度的关系,以此为基础通过莫尔~库伦准则得出了砂岩在不同低温条件下粘聚力和内摩擦角与围压和温度的关系。
在分析国内外冻结壁外载的确定方法和冻结壁厚度设计方法的基础上,结合胡家河煤矿冻结工程实际,以弹塑性理论为基础,采用了卸载状态下冻结壁外载的确定公式,对其主、副井冻结壁的厚度、工作状态以及外载进行了计算和分析。对于冻结壁的设计有一定的指导意义。
Along with the increase of coal demands, the construction of mine develops gradually deeper and deeper, The artificial freezing method is a effective method in constructing the shaft in the deep surface soil or the rock, In the freezing process of shaft construction, we meet not only the deep soil layer, but also the rock layer containing much water in recent years, In this area, the fundamental theory and the experience are quite defective. Developing the experimental study of artificial freeze rock, and discussion about physical and mechanics characteristic of freezing rock, have the important guiding sense to the shaft freeze design.
This article takes the Hu Jia river coal mine vertical shaft freezing project in Shanxi BingChang mining area as a background, has selected two kinds of typical rocks, the coal and the sandstone, carries on a systematic single axle, three axle compressing experiment. Through the experiment, we have analyzed the mechanics characteristic and the distortion characteristic of the coal and the sandstone in the different freezing temperatures or under the different stressful condition, and analyzed the identity and the difference between the two rock.. Based on this analysis, we have studied the size and the change rule of the two rock in single axle compressive strength, the elasticity coefficient and the Poisson ratio under the different low temperature. In the three axle compressing experiment of the sandstone, we have discussed the relationship between the three axle compressive strength with the encircle presses and the temperature. Based on this discussion, through the Mohr-Coulomb criteria, we have elicited the relationship between the cohesive strength and the internal friction angle with the encircle presses and the temperature under the different low temperature.
After analyzing the definite method of the out-load on the freezing wall and the method in designing the thickness of the freezing wall in domestic and foreign areas. linking to the Hu Jia river coal mine freezing project reality, taking the elastic-plasticity theory as the foundation, we have used the formula which under the unloading condition in freezing wall. Calculated and Analyzed the freezing wall's thickness, active status and out-load of the host and auxiliary shaft. Regarding certain guiding sense to the freezing wall's design .
本文以陕西彬长矿区胡家河煤矿立井冻结工程为背景,选取了两种典型岩石,煤岩和砂岩,进行了系统的单轴、三轴压缩实验。通过实验,分析了煤岩和砂岩在不同冻结温度、不同受力状态条件下的力学特性和变形特性,并对他们的同一性和差异性进行了比较分析。在此基础上进一步研究了两种岩石的单轴抗压强度、弹性模量和泊松比在不同低温条件下的大小和变化规律。在对砂岩的三轴实验中探讨了砂岩的三轴强度特性与围压和温度的关系,以此为基础通过莫尔~库伦准则得出了砂岩在不同低温条件下粘聚力和内摩擦角与围压和温度的关系。
在分析国内外冻结壁外载的确定方法和冻结壁厚度设计方法的基础上,结合胡家河煤矿冻结工程实际,以弹塑性理论为基础,采用了卸载状态下冻结壁外载的确定公式,对其主、副井冻结壁的厚度、工作状态以及外载进行了计算和分析。对于冻结壁的设计有一定的指导意义。
Along with the increase of coal demands, the construction of mine develops gradually deeper and deeper, The artificial freezing method is a effective method in constructing the shaft in the deep surface soil or the rock, In the freezing process of shaft construction, we meet not only the deep soil layer, but also the rock layer containing much water in recent years, In this area, the fundamental theory and the experience are quite defective. Developing the experimental study of artificial freeze rock, and discussion about physical and mechanics characteristic of freezing rock, have the important guiding sense to the shaft freeze design.
This article takes the Hu Jia river coal mine vertical shaft freezing project in Shanxi BingChang mining area as a background, has selected two kinds of typical rocks, the coal and the sandstone, carries on a systematic single axle, three axle compressing experiment. Through the experiment, we have analyzed the mechanics characteristic and the distortion characteristic of the coal and the sandstone in the different freezing temperatures or under the different stressful condition, and analyzed the identity and the difference between the two rock.. Based on this analysis, we have studied the size and the change rule of the two rock in single axle compressive strength, the elasticity coefficient and the Poisson ratio under the different low temperature. In the three axle compressing experiment of the sandstone, we have discussed the relationship between the three axle compressive strength with the encircle presses and the temperature. Based on this discussion, through the Mohr-Coulomb criteria, we have elicited the relationship between the cohesive strength and the internal friction angle with the encircle presses and the temperature under the different low temperature.
After analyzing the definite method of the out-load on the freezing wall and the method in designing the thickness of the freezing wall in domestic and foreign areas. linking to the Hu Jia river coal mine freezing project reality, taking the elastic-plasticity theory as the foundation, we have used the formula which under the unloading condition in freezing wall. Calculated and Analyzed the freezing wall's thickness, active status and out-load of the host and auxiliary shaft. Regarding certain guiding sense to the freezing wall's design .
引文
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