不同支承方式的橡胶隔振无砟轨道结构振动特性研究
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摘要
随着城市轨道交通的发展,人们对生活环境要求的提高给轨道减振技术提出了更高的要求。本文对北京交通大学地下结构实验室雷达2000减振型轨道结构进行了振动测试以及理论仿真计算,讨论各项参数的变化对其动力特性及隔振效果的影响,进而为橡胶隔振无砟轨道结构的国产化研发等工作提供支持。在各项参数中,本文重点讨论不同橡胶隔振支承方式对轨道结构振动特性及隔振效果的影响。本文所做具体工作如下：对橡胶隔振无砟轨道结构进行锤击试验,以确定轨道结构的各项参数取值,从而为后续理论计算模型提供数据支持；以上述轨道结构为原型,建立三维有限元分析模型,对其进行模态分析,讨论该轨道结构在不同参数的影响下其固有频率和振型的变化；根据谐振分析原理,对该轨道结构的传递特性进行分析,讨论该轨道结构在不同参数的影响下其各项动力响应以及隔振效率的变化；根据冲击响应原理,对该轨道结构施加冲击荷载,通过时程分析和频谱分析,讨论该轨道结构在不同参数的影响下其各项动力响应的变化。本文虽然以雷达2000减振型轨道结构为原型进行分析,但本文研究结果对于其他质量—弹簧减振型轨道结构同样具有参考价值。
With the development of the urban transit system, more and more concerns are placed on the vibration isolation technology of rail transit structures. Through the dynamic tests on the Rheda 2000 vibration isolation track structure in the Underground Engineering Laboratory in Beijing Jiaotong University and the theoretical simulation analysis, this dissertation discussed the influence of change of different parameters, especially the parameter of different rubber vibration isolation bearings, on the dynamic property and the vibration isolation effect of the slab track, which can further contribute to developing the slab track with rubber vibration isolation bearing on our own. The concrete work is as follows:First, hammer excitation test based on impact method is used for the dynamic test of the Rheda 2000 vibration isolation track structure in order to determine the parameters. Second, a 3D finite element model is built based on the prototype of the mentioned slab track above to modal analyze the former structrue, which performed to obtain the natural frequencies and the vibration modes of the slab track with different paramenters. Third, the transfer property is analysed based on the resonant principle to discuss the dynamic responses and the vibration isolation effect of the slab track with different parameters. Finally, according to the impulse principle, the dynamic responses of the slab track under an impact load with different track parameters are studied from both the time-history and spectrum analyses perspectively. Although this dissertation is based on the Rheda 2000 track system, this study result provides some reference value for other mass-spring vibration isolation track systems.
With the development of the urban transit system, more and more concerns are placed on the vibration isolation technology of rail transit structures. Through the dynamic tests on the Rheda 2000 vibration isolation track structure in the Underground Engineering Laboratory in Beijing Jiaotong University and the theoretical simulation analysis, this dissertation discussed the influence of change of different parameters, especially the parameter of different rubber vibration isolation bearings, on the dynamic property and the vibration isolation effect of the slab track, which can further contribute to developing the slab track with rubber vibration isolation bearing on our own. The concrete work is as follows:First, hammer excitation test based on impact method is used for the dynamic test of the Rheda 2000 vibration isolation track structure in order to determine the parameters. Second, a 3D finite element model is built based on the prototype of the mentioned slab track above to modal analyze the former structrue, which performed to obtain the natural frequencies and the vibration modes of the slab track with different paramenters. Third, the transfer property is analysed based on the resonant principle to discuss the dynamic responses and the vibration isolation effect of the slab track with different parameters. Finally, according to the impulse principle, the dynamic responses of the slab track under an impact load with different track parameters are studied from both the time-history and spectrum analyses perspectively. Although this dissertation is based on the Rheda 2000 track system, this study result provides some reference value for other mass-spring vibration isolation track systems.
引文
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[24]吴川,刘学文,黄醒春.短型浮置板轨道系统隔振性能研究.[J].振动与冲击.2008.27.(8)
[25]Li ZG Wu TX. On vehicle/track impact at connection between a floating slab and ballasted track and floating slab track's effectiveness of force isolation. [J]. VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS.2009.47. (5)
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[2]张雁.上海市城市轨道交通发展规划及站点综合开发.[J].时代建筑.2009.(5).30-36
[3]李文倩.轨道交通建设对北京市商业空间布局的影响.[J].都市快轨交通.2008.21.(6).19-22
[4]公共交通将成为北京未来主导客运方式.[J].世界轨道交通.2004.(12).69
[5]李天威.19个城市轨道交通规划获批将拉动投资逾八千亿.[J].人民日报.2009.
[6]曲经建张勇刚张淑鹃.轨道交通系统对周围建筑物的振动影响.[J].工程设计CAD与智能建筑.2001.(2).19-22
[7]由广明,刘维宁.交叠车站与区间隧道列车振动对环境的影响.[J].北京交通大学学报.2005.29.(4).40-44
[8]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构动力相互作用.[M].北京.科学出版社.2002.
[9]International Standard Organization(ISO). ISO 2631. Guide for the Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-body Vibration (2nd edition). [S]. Geneva, Switzerland ISO Secretariat,1978.
[10]郝珺,耿传智,朱剑月.不同轨道结构减振效果测试分析.[J].城市轨道交通研究.2008.11.(4).68-71
[11]曾向荣,郑瑞武,孙大新.弹性长轨枕在首都机场线的设计与应用.[J].都市快轨交通.2009.(3).22
[12]吴成军.工程振动与控制.[M].西安.西安交通大学出版社.2008
[13]耿传智,吴觉波.模态分析在轨道振动特性研究中的应用.[J].上海铁道学院学报.1995.16.(1)13-24
[14]齐法琳,罗林,管迪华.模态分析技术在轨道系统动力学研究中的应用.[J].中国铁道科学.1999.20.(1)
[15]Sun XJ, Liu WN, Zhai H. STUDY ON LOW-FREQUENCY VIBRATION ISOLATION PERFORMANCE OF STEEL SPRING FLOATING SLAB TRACK. [J]. ENVIRONMENTAL VIBRATIONS:PREDICTION, MONITORING, MITIGATION AND EVALUATION.2009.1.429-434
[16]Gupta S, Degrande G. Modelling of continuous and discontinuous floating slab tracks in a tunnel using a periodic approach. [J]. JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION.2010.4.329. (8)
[17]徐志强,姚京川,杨宜谦,高芒芒,孙宁.橡胶支承浮置板式轨道结构动力计算分析.[J].铁道标准设计.2003.(8)
[18]Yuan J, Meng ZB, Wu MZ, Song L. Dispersive Characteristics Analysis and Vibration Isolation Simulation of Floating Slab Track System. [J]. WMSO:2008 INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MODELLING, SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION.2009.221-224
[19]M.F.M. Hussein. H.E.M. Hunt. Modelling of floating-slab tracks with continuous slabs under oscillating moving loads. [J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration.2006. 297.1-2
[20]王其昌.用落轴法分析研究轨道冲击响应.[J].铁道学报.1992.14.(3)
[21]朱剑月,练松良.弹性支承块轨道结构落轴冲击动力性能分析.[J].中国铁道科学.2006.27.(3)
[22]王继军.弹性支承块式无碴轨道结构及其动力性能的研究.[D].北京.铁道部科学研究院.1999
[23]耿传智,王惠凤,朱剑月.地铁轨道减振性能的落轴冲击仿真分析.[J].城市轨道交通研究.2009.(1)
[24]吴川,刘学文,黄醒春.短型浮置板轨道系统隔振性能研究.[J].振动与冲击.2008.27.(8)
[25]Li ZG Wu TX. On vehicle/track impact at connection between a floating slab and ballasted track and floating slab track's effectiveness of force isolation. [J]. VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS.2009.47. (5)
[26]姚京川.浮置板式轨道结构理论与仿真计算分析及试验研究.[D].北京.铁道科学研究院.2003.4
[27]王福天.车辆系统动力学.[M].北京.中国铁道出版社.1994
[28]Fujikake T. A Prediction Method for the Propagation of Ground Vibration from Railway Trains. [J]. Sound and Vibration.1986. (2)
[29]#12
[30]铁道部科学技术司.德国联邦铁路城间特快列车ICE技术任务书.[M].成都.西南交通大学.1993.3
[31]Hans-Georg Wagner. Attenuation of transmission of vibrations and ground-borne noise by means of steel spring supported low-tuned floating track beds. Germany
[32]F. Cui, C. H.Chew. The effectiveness of floating slab track system. [M]. Elsevier. 2000
[33]Makovicka D. Structural analysis under technical seismic excitation. [J]. Proceeding of the European conference on structural dynamics. Germany.1990
[34]Tamio Nishimura and Franco A. Gianturco. Vibrational excitation of methane by positron impact:Computed quantum dynamics and sensitivity tests. [J]. Physical Review A 65.2002
[35]范俊杰.现代铁路轨道.第二版.[M].北京.中国铁道出版社.2004
[36]练松良,刘加华.城市轨道交通减振降噪型轨道结构的选择.[J].城市轨道交通研究.2003.6.(3).35-41
[37]王安斌,刘浪静,黄车红,丁玉,陈韶章.潘得路先锋减振扣件系统及在广州地铁上的应用.[J].现代城市轨道交通.2006.(2).24-27
[38]练松良.轨道动力学.第一版.[M].上海.同济大学出版社.2003
[39]颜华,姚力.浮置板轨道设计.[J].铁道工程学报.2002.(4).2-3
[40]何华武.无碴轨道技术.第一版.[M].北京.中国铁道出版社.2005
[41]Coenraad Esveld. Modern Railway Track. [M]. Holland. MRT Productions.2001
[42]由广明.交叠地铁车站与区间隧道列车振动对环境影响的研究.[D].北京.北京交通大学.2004
[43]朱石坚,楼京俊,何其伟,翁雪涛.[M].振动理论与隔振技术.北京.国防工业出版社.2006.147-352
[44]谷爱军,张宏亮.钢弹簧浮置板轨道结构在不同频段的隔振效率.噪声与振动控制.[J].2009.(1)
[45]张宏亮.隧道内钢弹簧浮置板轨道结构振动特性及其对环境影响的研究.[D].北京.北京交通大学.2007
[46]C.K. Hui. C.F. Ng. The effects of floating slab bending resonances on the vibration isolation of rail viaduct. [J]. Applied Acoustics.2009.70. (6).830-844
[47]胡鹏,刘丽.建筑结构振动控制概述.科学之友：C版.[J].2008.(6)
[48]郭锐,程爱军.浅议建筑结构振动控制.[J].科技资讯.2008.(27)
[49]盛美萍,王敏庆,孙进才.噪声与振动控制技术基础.第二版.[M].北京.科学出版社.2007
[50]吴成军.工程振动与控制.[M].西安.西安交通大学出版社.2008.115
[51]李德葆,陆秋海.工程振动实验分析.[M].北京.清华大学出版社.2004.1
[52]De Man A, Esveld C. Recording, estimating and managing the dynamic behaviour of railway structures. [J]. NOISE AND VIBRATION ENGINEERING.2001. 749-754
[53]Da Silva, JJ. Lima, AMN. Neff, FH. Neto, JSD. VIBRATION ANALYSIS BASED ON HAMMER IMPACT TEST FOR MULTI-LAYER FOULING DETECTION. XIXIMEKO WORLD CONGRESS:FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED METROLOGY.2009.2543-2547
[54]王宏谋.桥梁盆式橡胶支座的研究与应用.[D].成都.西南交通大学.2008
[55]廖权来,陈世雄.模态分析的基本原理及其汽车工程中的应用.[J].机械开发.1990.(3).6-10
[56]韩广才,吴艳红,周凌.带有集中质量矩形板的振动分析.[J]哈尔滨工程大学学报.2008.(12)
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