浏阳农村慢性病人群生命质量评价及其影响因素研究
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摘要
目的：评价浏阳农村慢性病人群的生命质量,研究慢性病对生命质量的影响,并分析慢性病人群生命质量的主要影响因素。
方法：在社区人群慢性病普查的基础上,从普查出的慢性病人群和正常人群中随机抽样选取一定数量的人群进行生命质量的深入调查。调查方式为问卷调查,调查内容包括研究对象的一般情况、生活习惯、患病情况及生命质量。
结果：①本研究共调查慢性病例790人(应答率98.75%),对照235人(应答率94.00%)。②790名慢性病患者中,患有1种慢性病的为531人,占67.22%；患有2种慢性病的为189人,占23.92%；患有3种慢性病的为70人,占8.86%。③性别分层前后,慢性病人群在总的生命质量及八个维度方面的得分均比正常人群低(P≤0.000)。④前十种慢性病人群在总的生命质量及八个维度的得分大体上比正常人群低(P<0.05)。⑤不同慢性病患者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、社会功能(SF)和总的生命质量的得分有差异(P≤0.001)。类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病及椎间盘疾病对生命质量的损害最大。⑥年龄越大,患者在生理功能(PF)方面的生命质量越差(P=0.000),在总体健康(GH)及精神健康(MH)方面的生命质量越好(P=0.001)；男性在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)方面的生命质量及总的生命质量均优于女性(P<0.05)；脑力劳动者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、总体健康(GH)及活力(VT)的生命质量及总的生命质量均优于体力劳动者(P<0.05)；受教育年限越高,患者在精神健康(MH)及社会功能(SF)方面的生命质量更好(P<0.05)；年人均收入越高,患者在躯体疼痛(BP)方面的生命质量越好(P<0.05)；慢性病种数越多,患者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)方面的生命质量及总的生命质量越差(P<0.05)。本研究未显示婚姻状况、年人均医药支出、医疗付费方式、吸烟和饮酒与慢性病患者的生命质量相关(P>0.05)。
结论：①慢性病患者的生命质量比正常人群的生命质量差,提示慢性病对生命质量的影响不容忽视。②慢性病患者生命质量的主要影响因素包括年龄、性别、职业、受教育程度、年人均收入及慢性病种数。婚姻状况、年人均医药支出、医疗付费方式、吸烟和饮酒与慢性病患者的生命质量的关系在本研究中没有统计学意义,有待进一步探讨。
Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases in Liuyang rural areas to study the impact of chronic diseases on quality of life, and explore the main factors of the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases in Liuyang rural areas.
Methods:On the basis of chronic disease sensus in community population, a number of people were randomly selected from the chronic disease population and non-chronic disease population, for deep investigation of the quality of life. The method of investigation is the questionnaire survey. The investigation included the general status, the life habits, the prevalence status and quality of life of the subjects.
Results:①790 cases (response rate:98.75%) and 235 controls were investigated(response rate:94.00%).in our study.②Among the 790 patients with chronic diseases,531 were suffering from one kind of chronic disease, accounting for 67.22%; 189 were suffering from two kinds of chronic diseases, accounting for 23.92%; 70 were suffering from three kinds of chronic diseases, accounting for 8.86%.③Before and after gender stratification, patients with chronic diseases have lower scores than the controls in the general quality of life and eight dimensions of quality of life (P≤0.000).④Generally speaking, patients with the top ten chronic diseases have lower scores than the controls in the general quality of life and eight dimensions of quality of life (P< 0.05).⑤Patients with different chronic diseases have different scores in physical functioning(PF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), social functioning (SF) and the general quality of life (P≤0.001). Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and disc disease have the greatest damage to quality of life.⑥The Elder people are, the worse quality of life they have in physical functioning(PF) (P=0.000) and the better quality of life they have in general health(GH) and mental health (MH)(P=0.001). Men have better quality of life than women in physical functioning (PF), role-physical(RP), bodily pain(BP), social functioning(SF), role-emotional (RE) and the general quality of life (P < 0.05); Mental workers have better quality of life than manual workers in physical functioning(PF), role-physical(RP), general health(GH), vitality (VT) and the general quality of life (P<0.05);The higher education people have, the better quality of life they have in mental health(MH) and social functioning(SF) (P< 0.05); The more annual per capita income people have,the better quality of life they have in bodily pain(BP) (P< 0.05); The more kinds of chronic diseases the patients have, the worse quality of life they have in physical functioning (PF), role-physical(RP), bodily pain(BP), general health(GH) and the general quality of life (P< 0.05). The study does not show that marriage, annual per capita medical expenditure,the way of paying medical expenditure, smoking and drinking are associated with the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases (P> 0.05)
Conclusion:①Patients with chronic diseases have worse quality of life than the controls. The impact of chronic diseases on the quality of life can not be ignored.②The influence factors of the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases are age, sex, career, education, the annual per capita income and the kinds of chronic diseases. The relationships of marriage, annual per capita medical expenditure, the way of paying medical expenditure, smoking and drinking with the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases need further study.
方法：在社区人群慢性病普查的基础上,从普查出的慢性病人群和正常人群中随机抽样选取一定数量的人群进行生命质量的深入调查。调查方式为问卷调查,调查内容包括研究对象的一般情况、生活习惯、患病情况及生命质量。
结果：①本研究共调查慢性病例790人(应答率98.75%),对照235人(应答率94.00%)。②790名慢性病患者中,患有1种慢性病的为531人,占67.22%；患有2种慢性病的为189人,占23.92%；患有3种慢性病的为70人,占8.86%。③性别分层前后,慢性病人群在总的生命质量及八个维度方面的得分均比正常人群低(P≤0.000)。④前十种慢性病人群在总的生命质量及八个维度的得分大体上比正常人群低(P<0.05)。⑤不同慢性病患者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)、社会功能(SF)和总的生命质量的得分有差异(P≤0.001)。类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病及椎间盘疾病对生命质量的损害最大。⑥年龄越大,患者在生理功能(PF)方面的生命质量越差(P=0.000),在总体健康(GH)及精神健康(MH)方面的生命质量越好(P=0.001)；男性在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、社会功能(SF)、情感职能(RE)方面的生命质量及总的生命质量均优于女性(P<0.05)；脑力劳动者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、总体健康(GH)及活力(VT)的生命质量及总的生命质量均优于体力劳动者(P<0.05)；受教育年限越高,患者在精神健康(MH)及社会功能(SF)方面的生命质量更好(P<0.05)；年人均收入越高,患者在躯体疼痛(BP)方面的生命质量越好(P<0.05)；慢性病种数越多,患者在生理功能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、躯体疼痛(BP)、总体健康(GH)方面的生命质量及总的生命质量越差(P<0.05)。本研究未显示婚姻状况、年人均医药支出、医疗付费方式、吸烟和饮酒与慢性病患者的生命质量相关(P>0.05)。
结论：①慢性病患者的生命质量比正常人群的生命质量差,提示慢性病对生命质量的影响不容忽视。②慢性病患者生命质量的主要影响因素包括年龄、性别、职业、受教育程度、年人均收入及慢性病种数。婚姻状况、年人均医药支出、医疗付费方式、吸烟和饮酒与慢性病患者的生命质量的关系在本研究中没有统计学意义,有待进一步探讨。
Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases in Liuyang rural areas to study the impact of chronic diseases on quality of life, and explore the main factors of the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases in Liuyang rural areas.
Methods:On the basis of chronic disease sensus in community population, a number of people were randomly selected from the chronic disease population and non-chronic disease population, for deep investigation of the quality of life. The method of investigation is the questionnaire survey. The investigation included the general status, the life habits, the prevalence status and quality of life of the subjects.
Results:①790 cases (response rate:98.75%) and 235 controls were investigated(response rate:94.00%).in our study.②Among the 790 patients with chronic diseases,531 were suffering from one kind of chronic disease, accounting for 67.22%; 189 were suffering from two kinds of chronic diseases, accounting for 23.92%; 70 were suffering from three kinds of chronic diseases, accounting for 8.86%.③Before and after gender stratification, patients with chronic diseases have lower scores than the controls in the general quality of life and eight dimensions of quality of life (P≤0.000).④Generally speaking, patients with the top ten chronic diseases have lower scores than the controls in the general quality of life and eight dimensions of quality of life (P< 0.05).⑤Patients with different chronic diseases have different scores in physical functioning(PF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), social functioning (SF) and the general quality of life (P≤0.001). Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and disc disease have the greatest damage to quality of life.⑥The Elder people are, the worse quality of life they have in physical functioning(PF) (P=0.000) and the better quality of life they have in general health(GH) and mental health (MH)(P=0.001). Men have better quality of life than women in physical functioning (PF), role-physical(RP), bodily pain(BP), social functioning(SF), role-emotional (RE) and the general quality of life (P < 0.05); Mental workers have better quality of life than manual workers in physical functioning(PF), role-physical(RP), general health(GH), vitality (VT) and the general quality of life (P<0.05);The higher education people have, the better quality of life they have in mental health(MH) and social functioning(SF) (P< 0.05); The more annual per capita income people have,the better quality of life they have in bodily pain(BP) (P< 0.05); The more kinds of chronic diseases the patients have, the worse quality of life they have in physical functioning (PF), role-physical(RP), bodily pain(BP), general health(GH) and the general quality of life (P< 0.05). The study does not show that marriage, annual per capita medical expenditure,the way of paying medical expenditure, smoking and drinking are associated with the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases (P> 0.05)
Conclusion:①Patients with chronic diseases have worse quality of life than the controls. The impact of chronic diseases on the quality of life can not be ignored.②The influence factors of the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases are age, sex, career, education, the annual per capita income and the kinds of chronic diseases. The relationships of marriage, annual per capita medical expenditure, the way of paying medical expenditure, smoking and drinking with the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases need further study.
引文
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