GPS精密变形监测数据处理方法及其应用研究
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摘要
本文结合中国地壳运动观测网络工程项目、某城市GPS地壳变形监测网的试验观测数据和GPS大坝变形监测网的实测GPS数据,对不同尺度的GPS监测网观测数据处理模型和方法进行了深入的研究。主要包括内容以下:
(1) 提出了以站心地平坐标系作为GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的参考坐标系,推导了在该坐标系下GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的数学模型及公式;采用拟稳平差的方法对GPS大坝三维变形监测网观测数据进行处理。
(2) 提出了应用聚类分析方法对拟稳点(或基准点)的相对稳定性进行检验的数学模型;用VB语言研究和开发了GPS大坝三维变形监测网的数据处理软件系统。
(3) 提出了站心地平坐标系下GPS观测数据与其它地面测量数据三维变形监测网联合平差的数学模型,在数据处理模型中通过参数化的方法消除或减弱垂差和垂直折光的系统误差的影响。
(4) 对于长基线的GPS地壳变形监测网,采用MIT开发研制的精密GPS定轨定位软件GAMIT进行单天GPS观测数据的处理,提出了利用多期单天的GAMIT解算出的基线向量进行综合解算的模型:“基线向量综合解算模型”,用以计算地壳监测站点的漂移速度,并通过实例验证了该计算模型的正确性和可靠性。
(5) 对某城市GPS地壳变形监测网的实测试验数据进行了分析处理,获得了较理想的结果。研究表明:在100公里范围内,一天观测的GPS基线重复率在平面上比例误差可以达到10~(-8)、垂直方向比例误差可以达到10~(-7);监测点三维坐标重复率精度在3mm左右。
A research on data processing models and methods of different scales of GPS monitoring networks, has been made very comprehensively through making use of the practical observation data of the big-scale Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, the medium-scale GPS crustal deformation monitoring network of some city, and the small-scale GPS dam deformation monitoring network. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:1) A station orthogonal coordinate system, which is the reference coordinate system for the three-dimension adjustment of observation data of GPS dam deformation monitoring network, has been put forward. Further, mathematical models and formulas of the adjustment under the coordinate system have been successfully derived.2) A method of using clustering analysis in fuzzy mathematics to do the testing of relative stability of quasi-stable points(or datum marks) has been brought forward. Also, a method of quasi-stable adjustment and a software system researched and explored by Visual BASIC Language have been used to process the observation data of GPS dam deformation monitoring network..3) A mathematical model of three-dimension combined adjustment with GPS and other surveying data under station orthogonal coordinate system in deformation monitoring networks, has been brought forward. In this model, a parameterized method has been employed to decrease or eliminate vertical deflection and vertical refraction errors.4) For the long baselines of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, using the GPS satellites orbits and stations positioning analysis software GAMIT opened up by MIT to do the single day GPS observation data processing, a synthetic solution model, which is called "the synthetic solution model of baseline vectors", has been built up with several single day baseline vectors calculated by the GAMIT software, to compute the three dimension movement velocities of sites. And the result can validate the reliability and feasibility of the model.5) The research on the concrete processing of the practical experimental observation data of some city's crustal deformation monitoring network has been done and relatively successful results have been achieved. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the horizontal and vertical scale errors of GPS baseline repetition rates can reach up to 10~(-8) and 10~(-6) separately in an area of 100 kilometers. And the precision of three-dimension coordinate repetition rates of monitoring sites can be around 3 millimeters.
(1) 提出了以站心地平坐标系作为GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的参考坐标系,推导了在该坐标系下GPS大坝三维变形监测网平差的数学模型及公式;采用拟稳平差的方法对GPS大坝三维变形监测网观测数据进行处理。
(2) 提出了应用聚类分析方法对拟稳点(或基准点)的相对稳定性进行检验的数学模型;用VB语言研究和开发了GPS大坝三维变形监测网的数据处理软件系统。
(3) 提出了站心地平坐标系下GPS观测数据与其它地面测量数据三维变形监测网联合平差的数学模型,在数据处理模型中通过参数化的方法消除或减弱垂差和垂直折光的系统误差的影响。
(4) 对于长基线的GPS地壳变形监测网,采用MIT开发研制的精密GPS定轨定位软件GAMIT进行单天GPS观测数据的处理,提出了利用多期单天的GAMIT解算出的基线向量进行综合解算的模型:“基线向量综合解算模型”,用以计算地壳监测站点的漂移速度,并通过实例验证了该计算模型的正确性和可靠性。
(5) 对某城市GPS地壳变形监测网的实测试验数据进行了分析处理,获得了较理想的结果。研究表明:在100公里范围内,一天观测的GPS基线重复率在平面上比例误差可以达到10~(-8)、垂直方向比例误差可以达到10~(-7);监测点三维坐标重复率精度在3mm左右。
A research on data processing models and methods of different scales of GPS monitoring networks, has been made very comprehensively through making use of the practical observation data of the big-scale Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, the medium-scale GPS crustal deformation monitoring network of some city, and the small-scale GPS dam deformation monitoring network. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:1) A station orthogonal coordinate system, which is the reference coordinate system for the three-dimension adjustment of observation data of GPS dam deformation monitoring network, has been put forward. Further, mathematical models and formulas of the adjustment under the coordinate system have been successfully derived.2) A method of using clustering analysis in fuzzy mathematics to do the testing of relative stability of quasi-stable points(or datum marks) has been brought forward. Also, a method of quasi-stable adjustment and a software system researched and explored by Visual BASIC Language have been used to process the observation data of GPS dam deformation monitoring network..3) A mathematical model of three-dimension combined adjustment with GPS and other surveying data under station orthogonal coordinate system in deformation monitoring networks, has been brought forward. In this model, a parameterized method has been employed to decrease or eliminate vertical deflection and vertical refraction errors.4) For the long baselines of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China, using the GPS satellites orbits and stations positioning analysis software GAMIT opened up by MIT to do the single day GPS observation data processing, a synthetic solution model, which is called "the synthetic solution model of baseline vectors", has been built up with several single day baseline vectors calculated by the GAMIT software, to compute the three dimension movement velocities of sites. And the result can validate the reliability and feasibility of the model.5) The research on the concrete processing of the practical experimental observation data of some city's crustal deformation monitoring network has been done and relatively successful results have been achieved. From the calculation results, it can be seen that the horizontal and vertical scale errors of GPS baseline repetition rates can reach up to 10~(-8) and 10~(-6) separately in an area of 100 kilometers. And the precision of three-dimension coordinate repetition rates of monitoring sites can be around 3 millimeters.
引文
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