基于专门用途英语理论的高职英语教学改革研究
摘要
社会的发展对高职人才提出了更高、更明确的要求,不但要有一定专业技能,还应具备自主学习能力和跨文化交际能力。因而改善高职英语教学,使其适应人才培养的综合目标,是高职英语教学面临的挑战。目前我国高职所培养的众多人才中,大多数无法把所学的语言知识与具体的实际运用联系起来。对高职英语教学进行积极探索与改革成为当务之急。本研究介绍了专门用途英语(ESP)理论的特点,国内外学者的相关研究状况,分析了当前高职英语教学普遍存在的问题,提出运用专门用途英语理论指导高职英语教学的可行性,并对符合专门用途英语理论要求的高职英语教学改革进行探讨,寻求改进高职英语教学更有效的方法。本论文共五个部分,主要内容如下：
第一部分是绪论,对本文的研究背景、研究内容、研究方法、本文涉及的一些重要概念的界定以及本文所涉及的研究现状进行阐述,为更好地进行主体部分的论述打下基础。
第二部分是高职院校英语教学存在的普遍问题,这部分主要对浙江省丽水市两所高职院校教师、学生的问卷和访谈调查数据进行分析,从教学目标、教材、教学方法、学生基础以及师资力量几个方面对我国高职英语教学中存在的主要问题进行调查研究。
第三部分是运用专门用途英语理论指导高职英语教学的可行性分析,通过论述专门用途英语的教学原则符合高职英语教学要求、专门用途英语的教学理念与高职英语培养目标一致、高职学生具备接受专门用途英语教育的基础、高职教师具备专门用途英语教师的潜质,对ESP应用于我国高职英语教学进行分析,得出可行性结论。
第四部分是基于专门用途英语理论的高职英语教学改革实践,从以“需求分析”为基础确定高职英语教学目标、针对学生专业选择和编写高职英语教材、以学生为中心进行有效的课堂教学、校内校外实训结合提高学生英语运用能力、建立科学合理的评价与考核体系、联合学校与企业加强师资力量的建设六个方面进行具体的分析与论证。使英语教学同专业需求相结合,帮助学生获取将来工作所需的英语能力。
第五部分是专门用途英语理论对高职英语教学的启示。主要包括转变高职英语教学观念、形成独立的高职英语教学评估标准、高职师资建设要引起政府和高校的重视。
The rapid social development put higher and more specific requirements to the Higher Vocational technician. They need to have not only a certain expertise, but also self-learning and cross-cultural communication. Thus improving the higher vocational English teaching to meet the comprehensive goal of personnel training are big challenges for English teaching. At present, China has cultivated a number of vocational talents, most of whom are unable to put their language knowledge into practical use. It's urgent to carry out actively English teaching reform and explore.
This study discusses higher vocational English teaching reform based on ESP theory in this context, seeking more effective methods to improve English teaching. This study describes the characteristics of the ESP theory and the related research of scholars at home and abroad, analysis the common problems in current higher vocational English teaching, proposed the feasibility of guiding English teaching with the ESP theory, and discusses how to reform the higher vocational English teaching which meets the requirements of ESP theory. This thesis is composed of five parts covering the following details:
Part One is a general introduction which is to clarify the research background, research content, research methods and related definition of some important concepts as well as the involved research of current situation in this article, in order to better lay the foundation for the main part of the discussion.
Part Two analysis the common problems in the Higher Vocational English teaching. This part mainly analysis the data of the survey questionnaires and interviews to the teachers and the students in the two vocational colleges in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. Investigate the main problems existing in the Higher Vocational English teaching from the teaching objectives, teaching materials, teaching methods, students and teachers aspects.
Part Three analysis the feasibility of guiding the Higher Vocational English teaching with the ESP theory by discoursing upon the teaching principles of ESP accord with the requirements of English teaching; ESP training objectives consistent with the objectives of vocational English training; vocational students have the basic knowledge of accepting ESP education; vocational teachers possess the basic conditions for ESP teaching.
Part Four concrete analysis on the Higher Vocational English teaching reform based on the theory of ESP in the aspects of the English teaching objectives based on "needs analysis", vocational ESP materials selection and development, "student-centered" effective classroom teaching, combination of internal and external training, a scientific and rational evaluation system, jointing schools and enterprises to strengthen the construction of teaching forces to combine English teaching with the professional needs, enable students to acquire competent English skills required for future.
Part Five analysis the revelation from the theory of ESP in the Higher Vocational English teaching in the aspects of concept changes of the Higher Vocational English teaching, teaching evaluation criteria need to be socially acceptable, Government and the universities should pay special attention to the development of vocational teachers.
第一部分是绪论,对本文的研究背景、研究内容、研究方法、本文涉及的一些重要概念的界定以及本文所涉及的研究现状进行阐述,为更好地进行主体部分的论述打下基础。
第二部分是高职院校英语教学存在的普遍问题,这部分主要对浙江省丽水市两所高职院校教师、学生的问卷和访谈调查数据进行分析,从教学目标、教材、教学方法、学生基础以及师资力量几个方面对我国高职英语教学中存在的主要问题进行调查研究。
第三部分是运用专门用途英语理论指导高职英语教学的可行性分析,通过论述专门用途英语的教学原则符合高职英语教学要求、专门用途英语的教学理念与高职英语培养目标一致、高职学生具备接受专门用途英语教育的基础、高职教师具备专门用途英语教师的潜质,对ESP应用于我国高职英语教学进行分析,得出可行性结论。
第四部分是基于专门用途英语理论的高职英语教学改革实践,从以“需求分析”为基础确定高职英语教学目标、针对学生专业选择和编写高职英语教材、以学生为中心进行有效的课堂教学、校内校外实训结合提高学生英语运用能力、建立科学合理的评价与考核体系、联合学校与企业加强师资力量的建设六个方面进行具体的分析与论证。使英语教学同专业需求相结合,帮助学生获取将来工作所需的英语能力。
第五部分是专门用途英语理论对高职英语教学的启示。主要包括转变高职英语教学观念、形成独立的高职英语教学评估标准、高职师资建设要引起政府和高校的重视。
The rapid social development put higher and more specific requirements to the Higher Vocational technician. They need to have not only a certain expertise, but also self-learning and cross-cultural communication. Thus improving the higher vocational English teaching to meet the comprehensive goal of personnel training are big challenges for English teaching. At present, China has cultivated a number of vocational talents, most of whom are unable to put their language knowledge into practical use. It's urgent to carry out actively English teaching reform and explore.
This study discusses higher vocational English teaching reform based on ESP theory in this context, seeking more effective methods to improve English teaching. This study describes the characteristics of the ESP theory and the related research of scholars at home and abroad, analysis the common problems in current higher vocational English teaching, proposed the feasibility of guiding English teaching with the ESP theory, and discusses how to reform the higher vocational English teaching which meets the requirements of ESP theory. This thesis is composed of five parts covering the following details:
Part One is a general introduction which is to clarify the research background, research content, research methods and related definition of some important concepts as well as the involved research of current situation in this article, in order to better lay the foundation for the main part of the discussion.
Part Two analysis the common problems in the Higher Vocational English teaching. This part mainly analysis the data of the survey questionnaires and interviews to the teachers and the students in the two vocational colleges in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province. Investigate the main problems existing in the Higher Vocational English teaching from the teaching objectives, teaching materials, teaching methods, students and teachers aspects.
Part Three analysis the feasibility of guiding the Higher Vocational English teaching with the ESP theory by discoursing upon the teaching principles of ESP accord with the requirements of English teaching; ESP training objectives consistent with the objectives of vocational English training; vocational students have the basic knowledge of accepting ESP education; vocational teachers possess the basic conditions for ESP teaching.
Part Four concrete analysis on the Higher Vocational English teaching reform based on the theory of ESP in the aspects of the English teaching objectives based on "needs analysis", vocational ESP materials selection and development, "student-centered" effective classroom teaching, combination of internal and external training, a scientific and rational evaluation system, jointing schools and enterprises to strengthen the construction of teaching forces to combine English teaching with the professional needs, enable students to acquire competent English skills required for future.
Part Five analysis the revelation from the theory of ESP in the Higher Vocational English teaching in the aspects of concept changes of the Higher Vocational English teaching, teaching evaluation criteria need to be socially acceptable, Government and the universities should pay special attention to the development of vocational teachers.
引文
①吕良环.国外外语教学改革趋势——语言与内容相融合[J].全球教育展望,2001,(8).
①时真妹.基于ESP理论的大学英语四级后续教学体系研究[M].中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,2005(12).
① Hutchinson, T.& Waters. A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P19.
②李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001(1).
③李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001(1)
①杨惠中.科技英语的教学与研究[J].外语教学与研究,1978,(2).
②杨惠中等.国外科技英语教学与研究动态[J].外国语,1978,(3).
③胡春洞,王才仁等.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：1-13.
④程世禄,张国扬.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：75-77.
⑤范谊.ESP存在的理据[J].外语教学与研究,1995.(3).
⑥卫乃兴,周俊英.也谈ESP与大学英语教学[J].外语界,1994,(2).
⑦刘润清.21世纪的英语教学——记英国的一项调查[J].外语教学与研究,1996,(2).
⑧文军.专门用途英语教学与研究领域论[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
⑨刘法公.论专门用途英语的属性与对应教学法[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
①秦秀白.ESP的性质、范畴和教学原则[J].华南理工大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(4).
②蔡基刚.ESP与我国大学英语教学发展方向[J].外语界,2004,(2).
③李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001,(1).
④李俊芬.高职英语教学引入ESP模式的探索[J].邢台职业技术学院学报,2003,(4)
⑤苏冬梅.专门用途英语与职业英语教学[J].鹭江职业大学学报,2002,(4).
⑥郭曦.改进高职院专业英语教学的对策与思考[J].南京工业职业技术学院学报,2003,(3).
⑦张修海.运用ESP改善高职高专的英语教学[J].辽宁高职学报,2006,(3).
⑧葛诗利.从《基本要求》看专科大学英语课程设置[J].大学英语(学术版),2006,(2).
⑨卢艳华,张秀梅,邢少飞.谈ESP对高职英语教育的启示[J].教育与职业,2005,(20).
⑩冯瑗.试析高职高专英语教学的EGP+ESP方案[J].疯狂英语(教师版),2007,(6).
①教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
①教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
②Hutchinson, T.& Waters, A.1987 English for Specific Purposes-a Learning-centred Approach [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.89-97.
① Coffey B.1984. State of the art article-ESP:English for specific purposes [J]. Language Teaching 17/1.2-16.
② Chambers, F.1980. A re-evaluation of needs analysis [J]. ESP Journal. Vol.1.125-133.
③ Swales, J.1989. Service English programme design and opportunity cost [A], In Johnson, R. K. (ed). The Second Language Curriculum [C]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.79-90.
①胡春洞,王才仁.ESP的理论和实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,2001：46-78.
①Hucthinson, T.& Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P59.
①Dudley-Evans T, St John M.1998. Developments in English for Specific Purpose. Cambridge Publishing House,64-77.
②夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
③王海华,王同顺.双语教学与公共英语教学的接口问题[J].外语界,2003,(1).
①夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
②[美]约翰·杜威.王承绪译.民主主义与教育[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2001,148.
③杨群.高职旅游英语专业人才培养模式探析[J].职教论坛,2004,(5).
①刘贤凤.基于学生参与的高职ESP校本教材的开发与应用[J].继续教育研究,2009,(3).
①范谊.外语学习中的高原现象探源及求解[J].课程·教材·教法,1988,(10).
②吕冲.谈高职英语教育的应用性[J].内蒙古师范大学学报,2005,18(3).
③池毅男.“订单式”产学研结合人才培养模式基本条件的探讨[J].教育探索,2007,(7).
1. 吕良环.国外外语教学改革趋势——语言与内容相融合[J].全球教育展望,2001,(8).
2. 时真妹.基于ESP理论的大学英语四级后续教学体系研究[M].中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,2005,(12).
3.李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001,(1).
4.杨惠中.科技英语的教学与研究[J].外语教学与研究,1978,(2).
5.杨惠中等.国外科技英语教学与研究动态[J].外国语,1978,(3).
6.胡春洞,王才仁等.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：1-13.
7.程世禄,张国扬.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：75-77.
8.范谊.ESP存在的理据[J].外语教学与研究,1995,(3).
9.卫乃兴,周俊英.也谈ESP与大学英语教学[J].外语界,1994,(2).
10.刘润清.21世纪的英语教学——记英国的一项调查[J].外语教学与研究,1996,(2).
11.文军.专门用途英语教学与研究领域论[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
12.刘法公.论专门用途英语的属性与对应教学法[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
13.秦秀白.ESP的性质、范畴和教学原则[J].华南理工大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(4).
14.蔡基刚.ESP与我国大学英语教学发展方向[J].外语界,2004,(2).
15.李俊芬.高职英语教学引入ESP模式的探索[J].邢台职业技术学院学报,2003,(4).
16.苏冬梅.专门用途英语与职业英语教学[J].鹭江职业大学学报,2002,(4).
17.郭曦.改进高职院专业英语教学的对策与思考[J].南京工业职业技术学院学报,2003,(3).
18.张修海.运用ESP改善高职高专的英语教学[J].辽宁高职学报,2006,(3).
19.葛诗利.从《基本要求》看专科大学英语课程设置[J].大学英语(学术版),2006,(2).
20.卢艳华,张秀梅,邢少飞.谈ESP对高职英语教育的启示[J].教育与职业,2006,(20).
21.冯瑗.试析高职高专英语教学的EGP+ESP方案[J].疯狂英语(教师版),2007,(6).
22.教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
23. Hutchinson, T.& Waters, A.1987 English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. 89-97.
24. Coffey B.1984.State of the art article-ESP:English for specific purposes [J]. Language Teaching 17/1.2-16.
25. Chambers, F.1980. A re-evaluation of needs analysis [J]. ESP Journal. Vol.1.125-133.
26. Swales, J.1989. Service English programme design and opportunity cost [A], In Johnson, R. K. (ed). The Second Language Curriculum [C]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.79-90.
27.胡春洞,王才仁.ESP的理论和实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,2001：46-78.
28. Hucthinson, T.& Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P59.
29. Dudley-Evans T, St John M.1998. Developments in English for Specific Purpose. Cambridge Publishing House,64-77.
30.夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
31.王海华,王同顺.双语教学与公共英语教学的接口问题[J].外语界,2003,(1).
32.[美]约翰·杜威.王承绪译.民主主义与教育[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2001,148.
33.杨群.高职旅游英语专业人才培养模式探析[J].职教论坛,2004,(5).
34.刘泓蔚.基于ESP理论的旅游英语课程教学体系建设初探[J].中国成人教育,2009,(13).
35.刘贤凤.基于学生参与的高职ESP校本教材的开发与应用[J].继续教育研究,2009,(3).
36.范谊.外语学习中的高原现象探源及求解[J].课程·教材·教法,1988,(10).
37.王丽丽.以就业为导向的高职英语专业教学改革[J].黑龙江科技信息,2009,(13).
38.吕冲.谈高职英语教育的应用性[J].内蒙古师范大学学报,2005,18(3).
39.池毅男.“订单式”产学研结合人才培养模式基本条件的探讨[J].教育探索,2007,(7).
①时真妹.基于ESP理论的大学英语四级后续教学体系研究[M].中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库,2005(12).
① Hutchinson, T.& Waters. A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P19.
②李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001(1).
③李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001(1)
①杨惠中.科技英语的教学与研究[J].外语教学与研究,1978,(2).
②杨惠中等.国外科技英语教学与研究动态[J].外国语,1978,(3).
③胡春洞,王才仁等.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：1-13.
④程世禄,张国扬.ESP的理论与实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,1996：75-77.
⑤范谊.ESP存在的理据[J].外语教学与研究,1995.(3).
⑥卫乃兴,周俊英.也谈ESP与大学英语教学[J].外语界,1994,(2).
⑦刘润清.21世纪的英语教学——记英国的一项调查[J].外语教学与研究,1996,(2).
⑧文军.专门用途英语教学与研究领域论[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
⑨刘法公.论专门用途英语的属性与对应教学法[J].外语与外语教学,2001,(12).
①秦秀白.ESP的性质、范畴和教学原则[J].华南理工大学学报(社会科学版),2003,(4).
②蔡基刚.ESP与我国大学英语教学发展方向[J].外语界,2004,(2).
③李红.专门用途英语的发展和专业英语合作教学[J].外语教学,2001,(1).
④李俊芬.高职英语教学引入ESP模式的探索[J].邢台职业技术学院学报,2003,(4)
⑤苏冬梅.专门用途英语与职业英语教学[J].鹭江职业大学学报,2002,(4).
⑥郭曦.改进高职院专业英语教学的对策与思考[J].南京工业职业技术学院学报,2003,(3).
⑦张修海.运用ESP改善高职高专的英语教学[J].辽宁高职学报,2006,(3).
⑧葛诗利.从《基本要求》看专科大学英语课程设置[J].大学英语(学术版),2006,(2).
⑨卢艳华,张秀梅,邢少飞.谈ESP对高职英语教育的启示[J].教育与职业,2005,(20).
⑩冯瑗.试析高职高专英语教学的EGP+ESP方案[J].疯狂英语(教师版),2007,(6).
①教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
①教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
②Hutchinson, T.& Waters, A.1987 English for Specific Purposes-a Learning-centred Approach [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.89-97.
① Coffey B.1984. State of the art article-ESP:English for specific purposes [J]. Language Teaching 17/1.2-16.
② Chambers, F.1980. A re-evaluation of needs analysis [J]. ESP Journal. Vol.1.125-133.
③ Swales, J.1989. Service English programme design and opportunity cost [A], In Johnson, R. K. (ed). The Second Language Curriculum [C]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.79-90.
①胡春洞,王才仁.ESP的理论和实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,2001：46-78.
①Hucthinson, T.& Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P59.
①Dudley-Evans T, St John M.1998. Developments in English for Specific Purpose. Cambridge Publishing House,64-77.
②夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
③王海华,王同顺.双语教学与公共英语教学的接口问题[J].外语界,2003,(1).
①夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
②[美]约翰·杜威.王承绪译.民主主义与教育[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2001,148.
③杨群.高职旅游英语专业人才培养模式探析[J].职教论坛,2004,(5).
①刘贤凤.基于学生参与的高职ESP校本教材的开发与应用[J].继续教育研究,2009,(3).
①范谊.外语学习中的高原现象探源及求解[J].课程·教材·教法,1988,(10).
②吕冲.谈高职英语教育的应用性[J].内蒙古师范大学学报,2005,18(3).
③池毅男.“订单式”产学研结合人才培养模式基本条件的探讨[J].教育探索,2007,(7).
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18.张修海.运用ESP改善高职高专的英语教学[J].辽宁高职学报,2006,(3).
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20.卢艳华,张秀梅,邢少飞.谈ESP对高职英语教育的启示[J].教育与职业,2006,(20).
21.冯瑗.试析高职高专英语教学的EGP+ESP方案[J].疯狂英语(教师版),2007,(6).
22.教育部高等教育司.高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求(试行)[z].北京：高等教育出版社,2000.
23. Hutchinson, T.& Waters, A.1987 English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. 89-97.
24. Coffey B.1984.State of the art article-ESP:English for specific purposes [J]. Language Teaching 17/1.2-16.
25. Chambers, F.1980. A re-evaluation of needs analysis [J]. ESP Journal. Vol.1.125-133.
26. Swales, J.1989. Service English programme design and opportunity cost [A], In Johnson, R. K. (ed). The Second Language Curriculum [C]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.79-90.
27.胡春洞,王才仁.ESP的理论和实践[M].南宁：广西教育出版社,2001：46-78.
28. Hucthinson, T.& Waters, A. (1987). English for Specific Purposes. A Learning-centred Approach. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, P59.
29. Dudley-Evans T, St John M.1998. Developments in English for Specific Purpose. Cambridge Publishing House,64-77.
30.夏纪梅.现代外语教材练习的质量观[J].外语界,2002,(1).
31.王海华,王同顺.双语教学与公共英语教学的接口问题[J].外语界,2003,(1).
32.[美]约翰·杜威.王承绪译.民主主义与教育[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2001,148.
33.杨群.高职旅游英语专业人才培养模式探析[J].职教论坛,2004,(5).
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39.池毅男.“订单式”产学研结合人才培养模式基本条件的探讨[J].教育探索,2007,(7).