基于主体功能区视角的松原市发展对策研究
摘要
伴随着世界经济全球化及国内工业化和城镇化的脚步加快,取得发展的同时伴生出空间开发无秩序、战略定位不清楚、可持续发展迹象不明显等种种问题,因此需要协调区域之间的可持续发展。国家的“十一五”规划《纲要》中明确提出,将国土空间根据区域的资源环境承载能力、开发密度和发展潜力等方面划分为优化开发区、重点开发区、限制开发区及禁止开发区之四类主体功能区,根据各地区属于不同的功能区定位而制定不同的经济发展策略,做到有的放矢。
松原市是吉林省重要的石油和粮食产区,近年来发展可谓迅速,国内生产总值及国民收入逐年稳步升高,但随着经济发展的脚步加快,其经济高速增长与资源和环境的承载能力有限相矛盾的问题开始出现,因此,从主体功能区规划的角度对松原市进行主体功能区建设提出一些建议和策略。
Since the reform and opening-up,the process of industrialization changing rapid,people's living standards are rising too.But at the same time there are some issues such as the imbalance in regional development,the pressure growing in resources and environment, and the order imbalances in land development and so on .According to resources and environment carrying capacity, existing development density and development potential, considering the future of Chinese population distribution, economic layout, land use and urbanization patterns, land space will be divided into four main functional areas:optimization of development zones, priority development areas, restricted development zones, prohibited zones. For the construction of main functional areas , division is the basis and precondition, planning is the key link, relevant supporting policies and performance appraisal is the security condition. National "Eleventh Five-Year" Plan put forward the basic idea of classification implementation of financial, investment, industrial, land and population policies and performance evaluation for the four main functional areas,but contrast to the developed countries, our main functional areas of regional policy classification system lacks of the comprehensive policy framework.
Comparison of improvement of national regional policy experience has shown that a clear role of regional policy targeted a prerequisite for regional policy system,In general, regional policy aimed at a specific area, instead of the standard zoning policy role of the target region compared to the identification and classification of building out the basic framework.
Regional development requires not only access to regional economic development, but also to improve the regional environment and quality of living improved. Geographical division of the main functional areas based on the guidance of scientific concept of development, and ecological -economic theory as the main functional areas into the selection index system provides an important theoretical support.
There are differences between the various elements of different region, these region differences shown in the natural environment, economic development level, cultural landscape , known as regional differences. The so-called law of geographical differentiation refers to the natural environment of the Earth's surface and composition of elements in the spatial distribution of the change in law that the Earth's surface natural environment and its constituent elements, in the spatial characteristics of a certain direction to maintain the relative consistency, while in the other direction to show significant differences and changes in the law.
The conditions such as natural resources, environmental climatic are different with the movement of geographic coordinates,but there are also certain rules to follow in. Differentiation theory can be applied to the geographic region's economic development, each region can find the common law of development based on the geographical differentiation theory.According to the difference of density , we can find the appropriate economic development countermeasures. This also reflects the main function zoning ideas.
At present, there are a variety of expressions for the concept of sustainable development , these concepts have different emphases. Such as the concept focused on the natural properties: "Sustainable development is to find a best eco-systems to support the ecological integrity and human desire to achieve, so that the living environment of human beings to sustain"; The concept focused on the economic attributes : "Sustainable development is the use of resources today should not reduce the real income of the future. " In this paper, discussion of sustainable development, followed simple expression first given by Gro Harlem Brundtland, namely, "to meet the needs of reality development on the premise that ensure no damage to the ability of next generation to meet their own needs ."
Regional planning is the functions of the government to fulfill its primary to promote economic development and is also an indispensable important link. the main functional areas break the routine of administrative divisions, mostly inter-administrative regions, therefore, the main functional areas of construction and development is a huge project .Therefore, the main functional area planning is very necessary.To a certain region, the regional planning not only clear the position of the main function,but design the path of the main functional areas and methods of construction, coordinating the relationship between the various regions.
The division of the main functional zones should use the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, quantitative classification does not reflect the realities on the ground, there may even be inaccurate quantitative points, therefore, it needs to help confirm qualitative division. In this paper, the division of the main functional areas combined counties (districts) of the actual situation, with resource endowments, industrial base, the environment carrying capacity and so on.
Service optimization development area to enhance the quality of economic growth is not only the number and rate, and make contributions to fiscal policy to promote infrastructure development and related to the basic network to facilitate people's daily lives; pay attention to developing quality to attract investment to high-tech technology industry, service industry and other tertiary industries; make good use of Songyuan City as well as the state's industrial policies to guide foreign investment to high value-added industries should be used as the main direction of investment.
The development of new industrial zones should pursue the development of industry clustering to maximize economies of scale. compared to development and optimization the bearing capacity of resources and environment is very strong, and the it is not large of development density, so it suits to the conditions of industry agglomeration. Speed up the process of urbanization, mainly rely on the support of the secondary industry, expanding economic aggregate, to promote local development of new industries; improve the relevant policies to promote the aggregation of the population, while also making great efforts to develop and attract people outside to transfer to this region.
The Area of Featured Industry Development zone should increase the restrictions on infrastructure construction, improve the ecological environment for the financial investment of ecological migrants; because of restrictions on the economic benefits compared with previous 2 Zones, therefore we need to make efforts to strengthen government transfer payments to ensure the normal financial investment in the region; focus on upgrading the overall level of the local labor force and invest in support of the labor force training, and transport workers as much as possible to outside for employment, to ensure more people move out of the area where ecological environment is relatively fragile features In addition, to lead the population to live together in a certain range.
According to the principles that ecological protection and ecological construction focus on ecological protection zone, we should protect activly the environmentally sound areas, and protect the important ecological function, resource development for key mandatory protection and against the project of development damaging the ecological environment , develop moderately the eco-tourism and leisure project.
In short, the implement of main function zones need regional policy to protect it. As the fundamental purpose of division of the main function zones is to implement the classified management of regional policy and performance evaluation, standardize the order of space development, optimizing the space development pattern, therefore, Songyuan City must implement a differentiated regional policies and differentiation of performance evaluation indicators.
松原市是吉林省重要的石油和粮食产区,近年来发展可谓迅速,国内生产总值及国民收入逐年稳步升高,但随着经济发展的脚步加快,其经济高速增长与资源和环境的承载能力有限相矛盾的问题开始出现,因此,从主体功能区规划的角度对松原市进行主体功能区建设提出一些建议和策略。
Since the reform and opening-up,the process of industrialization changing rapid,people's living standards are rising too.But at the same time there are some issues such as the imbalance in regional development,the pressure growing in resources and environment, and the order imbalances in land development and so on .According to resources and environment carrying capacity, existing development density and development potential, considering the future of Chinese population distribution, economic layout, land use and urbanization patterns, land space will be divided into four main functional areas:optimization of development zones, priority development areas, restricted development zones, prohibited zones. For the construction of main functional areas , division is the basis and precondition, planning is the key link, relevant supporting policies and performance appraisal is the security condition. National "Eleventh Five-Year" Plan put forward the basic idea of classification implementation of financial, investment, industrial, land and population policies and performance evaluation for the four main functional areas,but contrast to the developed countries, our main functional areas of regional policy classification system lacks of the comprehensive policy framework.
Comparison of improvement of national regional policy experience has shown that a clear role of regional policy targeted a prerequisite for regional policy system,In general, regional policy aimed at a specific area, instead of the standard zoning policy role of the target region compared to the identification and classification of building out the basic framework.
Regional development requires not only access to regional economic development, but also to improve the regional environment and quality of living improved. Geographical division of the main functional areas based on the guidance of scientific concept of development, and ecological -economic theory as the main functional areas into the selection index system provides an important theoretical support.
There are differences between the various elements of different region, these region differences shown in the natural environment, economic development level, cultural landscape , known as regional differences. The so-called law of geographical differentiation refers to the natural environment of the Earth's surface and composition of elements in the spatial distribution of the change in law that the Earth's surface natural environment and its constituent elements, in the spatial characteristics of a certain direction to maintain the relative consistency, while in the other direction to show significant differences and changes in the law.
The conditions such as natural resources, environmental climatic are different with the movement of geographic coordinates,but there are also certain rules to follow in. Differentiation theory can be applied to the geographic region's economic development, each region can find the common law of development based on the geographical differentiation theory.According to the difference of density , we can find the appropriate economic development countermeasures. This also reflects the main function zoning ideas.
At present, there are a variety of expressions for the concept of sustainable development , these concepts have different emphases. Such as the concept focused on the natural properties: "Sustainable development is to find a best eco-systems to support the ecological integrity and human desire to achieve, so that the living environment of human beings to sustain"; The concept focused on the economic attributes : "Sustainable development is the use of resources today should not reduce the real income of the future. " In this paper, discussion of sustainable development, followed simple expression first given by Gro Harlem Brundtland, namely, "to meet the needs of reality development on the premise that ensure no damage to the ability of next generation to meet their own needs ."
Regional planning is the functions of the government to fulfill its primary to promote economic development and is also an indispensable important link. the main functional areas break the routine of administrative divisions, mostly inter-administrative regions, therefore, the main functional areas of construction and development is a huge project .Therefore, the main functional area planning is very necessary.To a certain region, the regional planning not only clear the position of the main function,but design the path of the main functional areas and methods of construction, coordinating the relationship between the various regions.
The division of the main functional zones should use the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, quantitative classification does not reflect the realities on the ground, there may even be inaccurate quantitative points, therefore, it needs to help confirm qualitative division. In this paper, the division of the main functional areas combined counties (districts) of the actual situation, with resource endowments, industrial base, the environment carrying capacity and so on.
Service optimization development area to enhance the quality of economic growth is not only the number and rate, and make contributions to fiscal policy to promote infrastructure development and related to the basic network to facilitate people's daily lives; pay attention to developing quality to attract investment to high-tech technology industry, service industry and other tertiary industries; make good use of Songyuan City as well as the state's industrial policies to guide foreign investment to high value-added industries should be used as the main direction of investment.
The development of new industrial zones should pursue the development of industry clustering to maximize economies of scale. compared to development and optimization the bearing capacity of resources and environment is very strong, and the it is not large of development density, so it suits to the conditions of industry agglomeration. Speed up the process of urbanization, mainly rely on the support of the secondary industry, expanding economic aggregate, to promote local development of new industries; improve the relevant policies to promote the aggregation of the population, while also making great efforts to develop and attract people outside to transfer to this region.
The Area of Featured Industry Development zone should increase the restrictions on infrastructure construction, improve the ecological environment for the financial investment of ecological migrants; because of restrictions on the economic benefits compared with previous 2 Zones, therefore we need to make efforts to strengthen government transfer payments to ensure the normal financial investment in the region; focus on upgrading the overall level of the local labor force and invest in support of the labor force training, and transport workers as much as possible to outside for employment, to ensure more people move out of the area where ecological environment is relatively fragile features In addition, to lead the population to live together in a certain range.
According to the principles that ecological protection and ecological construction focus on ecological protection zone, we should protect activly the environmentally sound areas, and protect the important ecological function, resource development for key mandatory protection and against the project of development damaging the ecological environment , develop moderately the eco-tourism and leisure project.
In short, the implement of main function zones need regional policy to protect it. As the fundamental purpose of division of the main function zones is to implement the classified management of regional policy and performance evaluation, standardize the order of space development, optimizing the space development pattern, therefore, Songyuan City must implement a differentiated regional policies and differentiation of performance evaluation indicators.
引文
[1]樊杰.推进形成主体功能区促进区域协调发展[J].城市规划通讯.2007(05):12—14.
[2]高国力.我国主体功能区划分及其分类政策初步研究[J].宏观经济研究.2007(04):3—10.
[3]杜黎明.推进形成主体功能区研究. 2007(05):36—45
[4]朱翠霞.我国国土将分四类主体功能区[J].地理教育.2007(01):34—40
[5]叶文虎,仝川.联合国可持续发展指标体系述评[J].中国人口、资源与环境.1997(3):83～87.
[6]陈德昌,张敬一.生态经济学[M].上海:上海科学技术文献出版社.2003:126~145.
[7]邓玲、杜黎明.主体功能区建设的区域协调功能研究,经济学家2006年第四期。
[8]张东兴、蔡启昌.松原市“十一五”期间经济社会发展问题的思考.县域经济.2005第九期.1—3.
[9]孙珊珊、朱传耿.论主体功能区对我国区域发展理论的创新.现代经济探讨.2006(09)。
[10]杜黎明.在推进主体功能区建设中增强区域可持续发展能力.生态经济. 2006. 2-3
[11]国家发展改革委宏观经济研究院国土地区研究所课题组.我国主体功能区划分及其分类政策初步研究.宏观经济研究. 2007年第四期:1-8
[12]刘玉.主体功能区的区域效应与实施建议.宏观经济管理2007(09):1—4
[13]杜黎明.主体功能区区划与建设-区域协调发展的新视野[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2007.
[14]王东祥.全面推进主体功能区规划工作[J].浙江经济.2007:4—7.
[15]高国力.我国主体功能区规划的特征、原则和基本思路.中国农业资源与区划.2007第六期.1—6.
[16]朱久兴.关于县级主体功能区规划相关问题探讨.浙江经济.2007(12).1—2.
[17]刘淑英.小城镇可持续发展研究.城市发展研究[J],2005年第1期.
[18]郝寿义,安虎森,《区域经济学》[M1,北京:经济科学出版社,1999年版
[19]安虎森,《区域经济学通论》[M],北京:经济科学出版社,2004年版
[20]陈秀山、张可云.《区域经济理论》北京:商务印书馆2003年版
[21]张可云.《区域经济政策》[M],北京:商务印书馆2005年版
[22]侯景新.《区域经济分析方法》[M],北京:商务印书馆2004年版
[23]孙久文.《区域经济规划》[M],北京:商务印书馆2004年版
[24]陈秀山主编.《中国区域经济问题研究》[M],北京:商务印书馆2005年版
[25]吴殿廷主编.《区域分析与规划》[M],北京师范大学出版社,2001年版
[26]杨云彦.《人口、资源与环境经济学》[M]北京:中国经济出版社,2001
[27]吴强:《政府行为与区域经济协调发展》经济科学出版社,2006年1月第一版,第25—26页.
[28]周海林.《可持续发展理论》.商务印书馆2004年版第320—335页
[29]徐伟金.《关于主体功能区划有关问题探讨》《浙江经济》2006年第10期
[30]陈潇潇、朱传耿.试论主体功能区对我国区域管理的影响[J].经济问题探索,2006(12):21—25.
[31] E.M.Hoover,F.Giarratani,1999.AnIntroduetiontoRegionalEeonomies
[32] (thirdedition),RegionalResearchInstitute,WestVirginiaUniversity.
[33] Di。90Puga,2002.JournalofEeonomiesGeography.oxfordUniversity
[34] AndranikTangian,2004.CompositeindieatorofGermanRegionalPolieyand
[35] itsUseforOPtimizingGovernmentalSubsidiesthe7thInternationalConfereneeonSoeialChoieeandWelfare,osaka.
[36] B.MooreandJ.Rhodes1973.EvaluatingtheeffeetsofBritishregionalPoliey.EeonomieJournal.
[37] J.TwomeyandJ.Taylor1985.RegionalpolieyandtheinterregionalmovementofmanufaeturingindustryinGreatBritain.SeottishJournalof PolitiealEvonomy.
[38] C.WrenandM.Waterson , 1991.Thed reetemPloymenteffeetsoffinaneial assistaneetoindustry.oxfordEeonomiePaPers.
[39] F.J.HarriganP.G.MeGregorandJ.K.Swales1996.ThesystemwideimpaetonthereeiPientregionofaregionallaborsubsidy.oxfordEeonomiePaPers.
[40] PeterKing , DavidAnnandale , JohnBailey.Integratedeeonomieand environmentalPlanninginAsia:AreviewofProgressandProPosalsforPoliey reform.ProgressinPlanning,2003(59):233—315.
[41] Allison , PD.Measuresofinequality. AInerieanSoeiologiealReview , 1978(43):865—880.
[42] GrallamHaughtonDaveC0unsell.RegionsandsustableDeveloPment:RegionalPlanning Matters[J] theGehicalJoural,2004,170(2):135—145.
[2]高国力.我国主体功能区划分及其分类政策初步研究[J].宏观经济研究.2007(04):3—10.
[3]杜黎明.推进形成主体功能区研究. 2007(05):36—45
[4]朱翠霞.我国国土将分四类主体功能区[J].地理教育.2007(01):34—40
[5]叶文虎,仝川.联合国可持续发展指标体系述评[J].中国人口、资源与环境.1997(3):83～87.
[6]陈德昌,张敬一.生态经济学[M].上海:上海科学技术文献出版社.2003:126~145.
[7]邓玲、杜黎明.主体功能区建设的区域协调功能研究,经济学家2006年第四期。
[8]张东兴、蔡启昌.松原市“十一五”期间经济社会发展问题的思考.县域经济.2005第九期.1—3.
[9]孙珊珊、朱传耿.论主体功能区对我国区域发展理论的创新.现代经济探讨.2006(09)。
[10]杜黎明.在推进主体功能区建设中增强区域可持续发展能力.生态经济. 2006. 2-3
[11]国家发展改革委宏观经济研究院国土地区研究所课题组.我国主体功能区划分及其分类政策初步研究.宏观经济研究. 2007年第四期:1-8
[12]刘玉.主体功能区的区域效应与实施建议.宏观经济管理2007(09):1—4
[13]杜黎明.主体功能区区划与建设-区域协调发展的新视野[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2007.
[14]王东祥.全面推进主体功能区规划工作[J].浙江经济.2007:4—7.
[15]高国力.我国主体功能区规划的特征、原则和基本思路.中国农业资源与区划.2007第六期.1—6.
[16]朱久兴.关于县级主体功能区规划相关问题探讨.浙江经济.2007(12).1—2.
[17]刘淑英.小城镇可持续发展研究.城市发展研究[J],2005年第1期.
[18]郝寿义,安虎森,《区域经济学》[M1,北京:经济科学出版社,1999年版
[19]安虎森,《区域经济学通论》[M],北京:经济科学出版社,2004年版
[20]陈秀山、张可云.《区域经济理论》北京:商务印书馆2003年版
[21]张可云.《区域经济政策》[M],北京:商务印书馆2005年版
[22]侯景新.《区域经济分析方法》[M],北京:商务印书馆2004年版
[23]孙久文.《区域经济规划》[M],北京:商务印书馆2004年版
[24]陈秀山主编.《中国区域经济问题研究》[M],北京:商务印书馆2005年版
[25]吴殿廷主编.《区域分析与规划》[M],北京师范大学出版社,2001年版
[26]杨云彦.《人口、资源与环境经济学》[M]北京:中国经济出版社,2001
[27]吴强:《政府行为与区域经济协调发展》经济科学出版社,2006年1月第一版,第25—26页.
[28]周海林.《可持续发展理论》.商务印书馆2004年版第320—335页
[29]徐伟金.《关于主体功能区划有关问题探讨》《浙江经济》2006年第10期
[30]陈潇潇、朱传耿.试论主体功能区对我国区域管理的影响[J].经济问题探索,2006(12):21—25.
[31] E.M.Hoover,F.Giarratani,1999.AnIntroduetiontoRegionalEeonomies
[32] (thirdedition),RegionalResearchInstitute,WestVirginiaUniversity.
[33] Di。90Puga,2002.JournalofEeonomiesGeography.oxfordUniversity
[34] AndranikTangian,2004.CompositeindieatorofGermanRegionalPolieyand
[35] itsUseforOPtimizingGovernmentalSubsidiesthe7thInternationalConfereneeonSoeialChoieeandWelfare,osaka.
[36] B.MooreandJ.Rhodes1973.EvaluatingtheeffeetsofBritishregionalPoliey.EeonomieJournal.
[37] J.TwomeyandJ.Taylor1985.RegionalpolieyandtheinterregionalmovementofmanufaeturingindustryinGreatBritain.SeottishJournalof PolitiealEvonomy.
[38] C.WrenandM.Waterson , 1991.Thed reetemPloymenteffeetsoffinaneial assistaneetoindustry.oxfordEeonomiePaPers.
[39] F.J.HarriganP.G.MeGregorandJ.K.Swales1996.ThesystemwideimpaetonthereeiPientregionofaregionallaborsubsidy.oxfordEeonomiePaPers.
[40] PeterKing , DavidAnnandale , JohnBailey.Integratedeeonomieand environmentalPlanninginAsia:AreviewofProgressandProPosalsforPoliey reform.ProgressinPlanning,2003(59):233—315.
[41] Allison , PD.Measuresofinequality. AInerieanSoeiologiealReview , 1978(43):865—880.
[42] GrallamHaughtonDaveC0unsell.RegionsandsustableDeveloPment:RegionalPlanning Matters[J] theGehicalJoural,2004,170(2):135—145.