摘要
2008年中国电信业的重组使中国电信运营企业形成了三足鼎立的局面,并给中国电信运营企业带来了新的发展机遇与挑战。新的市场格局的形成,以及3G牌照的发放,使得电信运营企业面临更激烈的竞争。在这种背景下,如何让电信运营企业在未来的竞争中更好地满足市场需求,及时快速地响应变化,不断提高企业的战略执行力和核心竞争力,是电信运营企业实现可持续发展的核心和关键。
企业经营绩效评价作为战略管理和绩效管理的重要组成部分,对企业整体运营与管理具有举足轻重的作用。对电信运营企业的经营绩效进行综合评价,对企业内部管理者来说,可以发现经营管理中存在的问题和不足,有利于企业管理绩效的不断提升;对外部的利益相关者和潜在投资者而言,可以起到导向性的作用,有利于他们进行正确的投资决策。
本文回顾了绩效评价理论的发展历程,并对现行的经营绩效评价方法进行比较研究。在分析了基于财务指标的绩效评价方法和非财务指标绩效评价方法的优劣后,从财务绩效评价方法出发,选取2009年《财富》杂志公布的世界500强企业中入榜的21家电信运营企业为研究对象,针对电信运营企业的特点设计科学有效的经营绩效评价指标体系,运用因子分析模糊综合评价方法,对21家电信运营企业在2008年的经营绩效进行综合评价,并针对评价的结果进行全面的分析和检验。最后,本文聚焦于中国的三大电信运营企业,并以它们为对象进行重点分析,为内部和外部的相关利益者提供了有价值的管理和决策支撑信息。
The restructuring of Chinese telecommunication industry in 2008 resulted in a tripartite confrontation in the market, and brought to them new development opportunities as well as challenges. The formation of the new market structure, along with the issuance of 3G license, allows the telecom operators to face a fiercer competition. Based on this background, it is the key issue for telecom operators to achieve the sustainable development by considering how to satisfy the market demands better and respond to the changes timely and swiftly in future competition, as well as to enhance the enterprises'strategic execution force and core competence.
As an integral part of the strategic management and performance management, corporate operational performance evaluation plays an vital role in the overall corporate operation and management. The evaluation of telecom operators'operational performance has two benefits:To the internal administrators, the evaluation can help them to find the problems and deficiencies in the processes of management, which are conductive to the continuous development of the enterprise's business performance; To the external stakeholders and potential investors, it can orientate them to make the right decisions.
The paper reviews the development of the theory of the operational performance evaluation and compares the current evaluation methods of operational performance evaluation. With a comparison between performance evaluation methods based on financial indicators and which are based on non-financial indicators, the paper decides to target on the view of financial performance evaluation. The paper chooses 21 international telecom operators, which were the 2009 world's top 500 enterprises published by "Fortune", to be the research objects. The paper designs a specific and effective evaluation indicator system and uses factor analysis with fuzzy evaluation method to estimate the operational performance of the 21 telecom operators in 2008. Also, the paper makes a comprehensive analysis and verification which focuses on the evaluation results. Finally, this paper focuses on three telecom incumbents in China and provided valuable management and decision supportive information for both internal and external stakeholders.
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