基于灰色理论的化工项目设备采购评标研究
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摘要
随着我国国民经济持续快速发展,化工项目不断开工建设。化工项目为当地经济的发展起到了巨大的推动作用,但它同时又是环境敏感性的项目,受到政府、专家、当地居民等各方的关注,这对化工项目建设质量提出了更高的要求。项目设备采购作为化工项目建设的重要环节,直接影响着化工项目的质量、安全、工期、成本等各个方面。项目设备采购管理的优劣关系到整个化工项目建设的成败,是化工项目建设中亟待解决的关键问题之一。有鉴于此,本文对化工项目设备采购管理中相应的采购评标过程及方法进行了研究。
本文首先分析化工项目采购管理的特点及项目设备采购评标中的影响因素,建立化工项目设备采购评标指标体系;其次提出基于灰色理论的化工项目设备采购评标方法。主要内容如下:
①对项目采购的国内外现状进行探讨,研究化工项目设备的采购特点,分析设备采购评标相关理论和评标方法。
②建立化工项目采购设备的评标指标体系。本文主要从供应商实力、化工设备的安全环保等技术性能、项目设备采购活动中的TQCR(进度-成本-质量-风险)三个方面建立采购评标指标体系。
③提出基于灰色理论的化工项目设备采购评标方法。首先利用层次分析法和群决策法求得各个评标指标的权重,然后利用灰色关联分析对定性指标作出评价,利用灰色理论中的关联度分析对定量指标进行评价,进而得到设备采购评标指标的综合评标值,实现对项目设备供应商的合理选择。
本文最后将上述研究内容运用于某大型化工项目设备采购评标活动中,验证本文研究成果的可行性和有效性。
With China's sustained rapid development in recent years, the chemical industry projects are launched continuously. Chemical industry project playes a significant role in local economic development, at same time, as a strong environmental construction projects, it is concerned by the government, experts, local residents and other social parties, people put forward higher requirements on the quality of the projects. As a major important part of chemical industry construction projects, equipment procurement of chemical industry project plays a vital role in the success of project, it directly affects the quality safety, time, cost and other aspects of chemical industry projects. It is also one of the key issues which needs to researched in chemical industry construction projects.In view of the above, this paper studies the large chemical industry project equipment procurement management.
In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of the procurement in large chemical industry project and impact factors in the evaluation of equipment procurement, establish evaluation index system of equipment procurement; then the evaluation method of equipment procurement based on grey theory is proposed in procurement chemical industry projects. this paper mainly studies two aspects of equipment evaluation.
Firstly, we approach project purchasing situation both at home and overseas, as well as the characteristics of the procurement in large chemical industry project and theory of evaluation.
Secondly, the index system of equipment evaluation is established for chemical industry project procurement. The index system of evaluation for equipment procurement mainly focuses on the following three aspects: strength of suppliers, technical performance of equipment (Such as environmental protection and security), and management indicators of time- quality-cost- risk in the process of equipment procurement.
Thirdly, the evaluation mothed based on the grey theory is proposed for equipment procurement in chemical industry project. In the first place,the evaluation index weights is calculated by AHP and group decision making method, then the qualitative indicators are evaluated with whitening function of grey theory ;the quantitative indicators are evaluated with correlation analysis of grey theory, the integrated evaluation value is composed by evaluation results of quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators, then equipment suppliers of project procurement is selected .it solves the management and conformity in equipment procurement for large chemical project.
Finally, the content of the study be used in practice in a large chemical project, the project's application shows he feasibility and effectiveness of the results of this study.
本文首先分析化工项目采购管理的特点及项目设备采购评标中的影响因素,建立化工项目设备采购评标指标体系;其次提出基于灰色理论的化工项目设备采购评标方法。主要内容如下:
①对项目采购的国内外现状进行探讨,研究化工项目设备的采购特点,分析设备采购评标相关理论和评标方法。
②建立化工项目采购设备的评标指标体系。本文主要从供应商实力、化工设备的安全环保等技术性能、项目设备采购活动中的TQCR(进度-成本-质量-风险)三个方面建立采购评标指标体系。
③提出基于灰色理论的化工项目设备采购评标方法。首先利用层次分析法和群决策法求得各个评标指标的权重,然后利用灰色关联分析对定性指标作出评价,利用灰色理论中的关联度分析对定量指标进行评价,进而得到设备采购评标指标的综合评标值,实现对项目设备供应商的合理选择。
本文最后将上述研究内容运用于某大型化工项目设备采购评标活动中,验证本文研究成果的可行性和有效性。
With China's sustained rapid development in recent years, the chemical industry projects are launched continuously. Chemical industry project playes a significant role in local economic development, at same time, as a strong environmental construction projects, it is concerned by the government, experts, local residents and other social parties, people put forward higher requirements on the quality of the projects. As a major important part of chemical industry construction projects, equipment procurement of chemical industry project plays a vital role in the success of project, it directly affects the quality safety, time, cost and other aspects of chemical industry projects. It is also one of the key issues which needs to researched in chemical industry construction projects.In view of the above, this paper studies the large chemical industry project equipment procurement management.
In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of the procurement in large chemical industry project and impact factors in the evaluation of equipment procurement, establish evaluation index system of equipment procurement; then the evaluation method of equipment procurement based on grey theory is proposed in procurement chemical industry projects. this paper mainly studies two aspects of equipment evaluation.
Firstly, we approach project purchasing situation both at home and overseas, as well as the characteristics of the procurement in large chemical industry project and theory of evaluation.
Secondly, the index system of equipment evaluation is established for chemical industry project procurement. The index system of evaluation for equipment procurement mainly focuses on the following three aspects: strength of suppliers, technical performance of equipment (Such as environmental protection and security), and management indicators of time- quality-cost- risk in the process of equipment procurement.
Thirdly, the evaluation mothed based on the grey theory is proposed for equipment procurement in chemical industry project. In the first place,the evaluation index weights is calculated by AHP and group decision making method, then the qualitative indicators are evaluated with whitening function of grey theory ;the quantitative indicators are evaluated with correlation analysis of grey theory, the integrated evaluation value is composed by evaluation results of quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators, then equipment suppliers of project procurement is selected .it solves the management and conformity in equipment procurement for large chemical project.
Finally, the content of the study be used in practice in a large chemical project, the project's application shows he feasibility and effectiveness of the results of this study.
引文
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[2]李晓华.化学工业“十五”发展回顾与“十一五”展望[J].化工技术经济, 2006, 24(8):1-9
[3]陶志华.我国石油和化学工业近年发展特点和值得关注的问题[J].化学工业, 2007,25(5):3-9
[4]袁卫强.基于EPC模式的石化工程项目管理研究[D].天津大学管理学院, 2004
[5]杨振宇.化工类建设项目环境风险评价[J].淮北煤炭师范学院学报, 2009, 30(2):73-76
[6] D.K.H.Chua. Key Factors in Bid Reasoning Model[J]. Journal of Construction Engineering And Management 2000.10(10):52-57
[7]王建国.招标投标评标与管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 1999.
[8]黄远智,邢毅.建设项目招标评标方法分析[J].建筑管理现代化, 2006(2):25-28.
[9]齐康,孙川.工程建设项目物资设备采购评标方法初探[J].建设监理,2001(2):61-62
[10]苑金生.国际工程建材及设备采购评标方法[J].工程建设, 2005, 03:19-21
[11] Dickson .Which Contractor Selection Methodology[J]. International Journal of Project Management, 1998, 16(3):153-164
[12] Yahya S.Venfor Rating for an Entrepreneur Development Programme:A Case Study Using Theanalytic Hierarchy Process Method[J].Journal of Operational Research Society, 1999, 50:916-930.
[13] Kingsman.Determination of paths to vendor market efficiency using parallel Co-ordinates representation[J]. A negotiation tool for buyers, 1999,08:8-10
[14]马丽娟.基于供应链管理的供应商选择问题初探[J].工业工程与管理2002.6:23-25
[15]仲维清,侯强.供应商评价指标体系与评价模型研究[J] .数量经济技术经济研究, 2003,3: 95-99
[16] Ruengsak. A Decision Model for Selecting Mutually Exclusive Alternative Technologies[J]. Computers and Industrial Engineering, 1993,24(3):459-475
[17] Hiyassa. Construction bid prlce evaluation[J].Canadina journalof Civil Engienering, 2001,28(2):264-270
[18] Gregory, Timmerman. Evaluating high efficiencyelectricalequient. John Wiley & SonsIne, 1993, 6:54-58.
[19] Weber,Curen. An Application Procedure for DEA[J]. Omega,1989,(17):237-250.
[20]邹锐.基于核心能力的评标方法探讨[J].河北建筑科技学院学报, 2003,20(3):9-12.
[21]田杰芳,魏庆朝.城市轨道交通工程设备采购的评标方法浅议[J].都市快轨交通, 2004,17(3):16-18.
[22]季钰,宋苍郁.改革现有的评标方法推行合理报价最低中标[J].水利科技与经济, 2000,6(4):172-174.
[23]戴益文,毛义华.工程项目招投标评标方法研究[J].技术经济与管理研究, 2003,(3):83-84
[24]王军.我国招标投标中存在的问题及对策[J].山西建筑, 2007,33(21):278-279.
[25]邹和礼,赵暑生.基于定量与定性指标综合分析的工程项目评标方法[J].建筑监理, 2000,22(6):112-115.
[26]胡国祥,肖桃李.基于模糊集合理论的评标方法研究.扬州大学学报, 2006,10(2):36-39
[27]程峰.基于价值工程的评标方法研究[J].建筑管理现代化, 2008(4):30-34.
[28]张翠华.科技评估指标体系设计的原则及其应用研究.中国软科学, 2002.2:48-51.
[29]马士华,王许斌.确定供应商评价指标权重的一种方法[J].工业工程与管理, 2002,6: 5-8.
[30]王军武,呙淑文.基于灰色关联度的建筑供应商选择方法研究[J].武汉理工大学学报, 2007. 29(3):153-156.
[31] Perry Daneshgari. Procurement Chain Management in the Construction Industry.Thesis for the degree Licentiate in Engineering , 2003.
[32] David G.Carmichael.Contracts and International Project Management[M].A.A.Balkema Rotterdam, 2000.
[33] Kingsman. Strategy purchasing scheduling[J]. Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management.1997,13(4):27-31.
[34]王家顺,王田苗.一种基于模糊层次分析法的供应商评价模型的研究[J].微电子学与计算机, 2001,02:59-64.
[35] Ralph Keeling. Project Management An International Perspective[M]. St.Martin’s Press Inc, 2000.
[36]宋晶光,丁勇.工程项目采购管理研究[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版), 2008,(01):23-25.
[37]王玉台.大型石化建设项目的物资采购管理[J].采购与供应链, 2006,5(3):64-65.
[38]黄志新.基于石化设备采购工作的几点思考[J].石化技术, 2002,9(3):188-190.
[39]张凯天.石油化工工程总承包项目中的设备采购管理及其案例分析[J].炼油技术与工程, 2005,35(10):59-6.
[40]许高峰.国际招投标理论与实务[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2002.
[41]王俊安.招标投标与合同管理.北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2002.
[42]高岩.招标采购及其评标方法[J].石油化工技术经济. 2001,17:52-54.
[43]闫涛.电力设备采购评标模型研究[D].华北电力大学硕士论文. 2008.
[44]刘亚丽.工程项目招标评标方法研究[D].天津大学硕士论文, 2003.
[45]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社, 2002.
[46] Maggic.C, V.Tummala. An Application of the AHP in Vendor Selection of a Telecommunication System.Omega, 2001, 29:171-182.
[47] VanU.Tender Evaluation by Fuzzy Sets[J]. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 1985,111(3):25-33.
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